Intelligent Decision Technologies: Proceedings of the 13th KES-IDT 2021 Conference

KES-IDT 2021 Conference Organization
Preface
Contents
About the Editors
Main Track
ArgVote: Which Party Argues Like Me? Exploring an Argument-Based Voting Advice Application
	1 Introduction
	2 Designing an Argument-Based VAA
		2.1 Limitations of Classical VAAs
		2.2 How ArgVote Works
	3 Hypotheses and Methods
	4 Results
		4.1 General Information on Participants and Groups
		4.2 Hypothesis 1: Informedness
		4.3 Hypothesis 2: Ease of Indicating Opinion
		4.4 Hypothesis 3: Ease of Use
		4.5 Hypothesis 4: Better Matching
	5 Discussion
	6 Related Work
	7 Conclusion and Future Work
	References
Detecting Communities in Organizational Social Network Based on E-mail Communication
	1 Introduction
	2 Community Detection in a Social Network
	3 Social Networks Based on E-mail Communication
	4 Study on Organizational Social Network Based on E-mail Communication in Public Organization
	5 Conclusions
	References
Impact of the Time Window Length on the Ship Trajectory Reconstruction Based on AIS Data Clustering
	1 Introduction
	2 An Approach to Ship Trajectory Reconstruction
		2.1 Problem Formulation
		2.2 The Proposed Approach
		2.3 Clustering and Time Frame Approach
	3 Computational Experiment
		3.1 Aim of the Research
		3.2 AIS Dataset
		3.3 Methodology
		3.4 Computational Experiment Results
	4 Conclusions
	References
Improved Genetic Algorithm for Electric Vehicle Charging Station Placement
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Works
	3 Problem Formulation
	4 Proposed Approach : IGACSP
		4.1 Initialization
		4.2 Fitness Evaluation
		4.3 Crossover
		4.4 Mutation
	5 Experimental Results
		5.1 PDI Evaluation
		5.2 IGACSP Evaluation
		5.3 Case Study
	6 Conclusion
	References
Solving a Many-Objective Crop Rotation Problem with Evolutionary Algorithms
	1 Introduction
	2 Model Description
		2.1 Solution Representation
		2.2 Problem Objectives
	3 Evolutionary Algorithms for Crop Rotation Planning
	4 Computational Experiments
		4.1 Comparison Metrics
		4.2 Experimental Results
	5 Conclusion
	References
The Utility of Neural Model in Predicting Tax Avoidance Behavior
	1 Introduction
	2 Theoretical Framework
	3 Methodology
	4 Results
	5 Discussion of Results
	6 Conclusions
	References
Triple-Station System of Detecting Small Airborne Objects in Dense Urban Environment
	1 Introduction
	2 Structural Scheme and Features of the Simulation Algorithm
	3 Representing the Radar Data in the Echo Signal Model
	4 Specialized Radar Station Layout and Experimental Data Registration
	5 MATLAB Simulation Results
	6 Conclusion
	References
Using Families of Extremal Quasi-Orthogonal Matrices in Communication Systems
	1 Introduction
	2 Why Mersenne, Fermat and Euler Matrices?
	3 The Main Features of Quasi-Orthogonal Matrices
	4 Applications of Quasi-Orthogonal Matrices
		4.1 Matrices Structured According to Walsh in Image Compression
		4.2 Symmetric Quasi-Orthogonal Matrices in Noise-Immune Coding and Image Masking
		4.3 Cyclic Quasi-Orthogonal Matrices in Signal Coding
		4.4 Quasi-Orthogonal Matrices in Other Applications
	5 Conclusions
	References
Variable Selection for Correlated High-Dimensional Data with Infrequent Categorical Variables: Based on Sparse Sample Regression and Anomaly Detection Technology
	1 Introduction
	2 Conventional Method for High-Dimensional Data
		2.1 Dimensional Reduction by Principal Component Analysis
		2.2 Sparse Modeling with Regularization
	3 Proposed Method
		3.1 Basic Idea
		3.2 Existing Methods that Compose Proposed Method
		3.3 Procedure of Proposed Method
	4 Numerical Experiments
		4.1 Data Description
		4.2 Results of Numerical Experiments
		4.3 How to Judge the Application Result with Real Data
	5 Discussion
	6 Conclusion
	References
Verification of the Compromise Effect’s Suitability Based on Product Features of Automobiles
	1 Introduction
	2 Previous Research on Context Effect and Hypothesis Development
	3 Research Methodology
	4 Verification Results and Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
Advances in Intelligent Data Processing and Its Applications
Application of Granular Computing-Based Pre-processing in the Labelling of Phonemes
	1 Introduction
	2 Preliminaries
	3 Experiments
		3.1 AudioVisual Dataset
		3.2 Pre-processing with Rough Sets
	4 Results and Analysis
	5 Conclusion
	References
Application of Implicit Grid-Characteristic Methods for Modeling Wave Processes in Linear Elastic Media
	1 Introduction
	2 Methods
		2.1 Grid-Characteristic Method
		2.2 Border Conditions
	3 Results
		3.1 One-Dimensional Problem
		3.2 Two-Dimensional Problem
	4 Conclusions
	References
Combined Approach to Modeling of Acceleration Response Spectra in Areas of Active Shallow Seismicity
	1 Introduction
	2 Source Data and Processing Methods
	3 Acceleration Response Spectra Calculation for Site
	4 Results of Experimental Studies
	5 Conclusions
	References
Methods of Interpretation of CT Images with COVID-19 for the Formation of Feature Atlas and Assessment of Pathological Changes in the Lungs
	1 Introduction
	2 Features of the CT Patterns for Diagnosing COVID-19 and Assessing the Development of Fibrosis
	3 Materials and Processing Methods
	4 Results of Experimental Studies
	5 Conclusions
	References
Multilevel Watermarking Scheme Based on Pseudo-barcoding for Handheld Mobile Devices
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 The Proposed Multilevel Protection
		3.1 Pseudo-barcoding
		3.2 Fragile Watermark
		3.3 Multilevel Embedding and Extraction Schemes
	4 Experimental Results
	5 Conclusions
	References
Multi-quasi-periodic Cylindrical and Circular Images
	1 Introduction
	2 The Models of Cylindrical Images with One Quasi-period
	3 The Models of Circular Images with One Quasi-period
	4 The Models of Cylindrical and Circular Images with Several Quasi-periods
	5 Conclusions
	References
On the Importance of Capturing a Sufficient Diversity of Perspective  for the Classification of Micro-PCBs
	1 Introduction
	2 Image Acquisition
	3 Experimental Design and Results
	4 Discussion
		4.1 Experiments E1–E9
		4.2 Experiments A1–A16
		4.3 Comparing Experiments E1–E9 with Experiments A1–A16
		4.4 Regarding Synthesizing Alternate Perspectives
		4.5 Experiments Including All Rotations and Perspectives During Training and Using Data Augmentation Augmentation to Synthesize Variations of Those Rotations and Perspectives
	5 Conclusion
	References
Robust Visual Vocabulary Based On Grid Clustering
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
		2.1 Bag of Visual Words Model
		2.2 Grids Clustering
	3 Bag-of-Visual-Phrase-Based Grid Clustering: GBoVP
	4 Results
	5 Conclusion
	References
Study of Anisotropy of Seismic Response from Fractured Media
	1 Introduction
	2 Mathematical Model
	3 Anisotropy Parameters
	4 Results of Computational Experiments
	5 Conclusions
	References
Synchronization Correction Enforced by JPEG Compression in Image Watermarking Scheme for Handheld Mobile Devices
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 The Proposed Method for Synchronization Correction of Watermarked Image
		3.1 Detection of Robust Regions in the Host Image
		3.2 The Proposed Watermarked Image Normalization
	4 Experimental Results
	5 Conclusions
	References
Tracking of Objects in Video Sequences
	1 Introduction
	2 Object Detection in Video Sequences
	3 Trajectory Tracking Algorithm
	4 Using Pseudo-Gradient Procedures to Improve the Quality of Trajectory Tracking
	5 Conclusions
	References
Multi-Criteria Decision-Analysis Methods—Theory and Their Applications
A New Approach to Identifying of the Optimal Preference Values in the MCDA Model: Cat Swarm Optimization Study Case
	1 Introduction
	2 The Characteristic Objects Method
	3 Cat Swarm Optimization
		3.1 Seeking Mode
		3.2 Tracing Mode
		3.3 Cat Swarm Optimization
	4 Study Case
	5 Conclusions
	References
A Study of Different Distance Metrics in the TOPSIS Method
	1 Introduction
	2 TOPSIS Method
	3 Distance Metrics
		3.1 Euclidean Distance
		3.2 Manhattan Distance
	4 Study Case
	5 Conclusions
	References
Assessment and Improvement of Intelligent Technology in Architectural Design Satisfactory Development Advantages Management
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
	3 Constructing the New Hybrid Modified MADM Model for Smart Architecture Design Satisfactory Development
		3.1 DEMATEL Technique for Building a Network Relation Map (INRM)
		3.2 Finding the Influential Weights Using DANP
		3.3 Modified MADM Method for Performance Gap Assessment
	4 Results
		4.1 Building an Influence Relationship Matrix of an INRM for Regional Shopping Center Development Analysis
		4.2 Weightings of Criteria in Intelligent Informant System for Smart Architecture Design
	5 Conclusions
	References
IT Support for the Optimization of the Epoxidation of Unsaturated Compounds on the Example of the TOPSIS Method
	1 Introduction
	2 The TOPSIS Method
	3 Results of Optimization of the Epoxidation of Allyl Alcohols on a Titanium Silicate Ti-MWW Catalyst by the TOPSIS Method
	4 Results and Discussion
	5 Summary and Conclusion
	References
Land Suitability Evaluation by Integrating Multi-criteria Decision-Making (MCDM), Geographic Information System (GIS) Method, and Augmented Reality-GIS
	1 Introduction
	2 Material and Method
		2.1 Study Area
		2.2 Material
		2.3 Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP)
		2.4 Weighted Overlay Method
	3 Result and Discussion
	4 Conclusion
	References
Toward Reliability in the MCDA Rankings: Comparison of Distance-Based Methods
	1 Introduction
	2 MCDA Methods
		2.1 TOPSIS Method
		2.2 COMET Method
		2.3 SPOTIS Method
	3 Study Case
	4 Conclusions
	References
Knowledge Engineering in Large-Scale Systems
Affection of Java Design Patterns to Cohesion Metrics
	1 Introduction
	2 Theoretical Overview
		2.1 jPeek Features Summary
		2.2 Cohesion Metrics
		2.3 Java Design Patterns
	3 Experiment
		3.1 Experimental Process
	4 Conclusion
	References
Applicative-Frame Model of Medical Knowledge Representation
	1 Introduction
	2 Presentation of the Problem of Making a Medical Decision
	3 Construction of an Applicative-Frame Model of Knowledge Representation
	4 Knowledge Representation Model Implementation
	5 Conclusion
	References
Eolang: Toward a New Java-Based Object-Oriented Programming Language
	1 Introduction
	2 Research Problem and Objective
	3 Analysis of the EO Concept and the Eolang Language
	4 Eolang Object-Oriented Programming Principles
	5 Comparative Analysis Between Eolang, Java, Groovy and Kotlin
		5.1 Comparison of OOP Principles
		5.2 Comparison of Operators and Expressions
		5.3 Comparison of Declarative Statements
		5.4 Comparison of Executable Statements
		5.5 Comparison of Data Types
	6 Conclusion
	References
Mission-Critical Goals Impact onto Process Efficiency: Case of Aeroflot Group
	1 Problem Statement and Relevance of Study
	2 Sematic Analysis of Strategic Goals
		2.1 Determining the System of Mission-Critical Factors
		2.2 Sematic Analysis of Mission in Aeroflot Group Case
		2.3 Semantic Analysis of Strategic Vision in of Aeroflot Group Case
		2.4 Semantic Analysis of Aeroflot Group Strategic Goals
		2.5 Semantic Analysis of Aeroflot Group Business Processes
		2.6 Short Conclusion
	3 Statistical Part of Research
	4 Conclusion
	References
High-Dimensional Data Analysis, Knowledge Processing and Applications
A Classification Method Based on Ensemble Learning of Deep Learning and Multidimensional Scaling
	1 Introduction
	2 Neural Network
	3 Multidimensional Scaling (MDS)
	4 A Classification Method Based on Ensemble Learning of Deep Learning and Multidimensional Scaling
	5 Numerical Example
	6 Conclusions
	References
A Consistent Likelihood-Based Variable Selection Method in Normal Multivariate Linear Regression
	1 Introduction
	2 Proposed Selection Method
	3 Numerical Studies
	References
A Hybrid Method of Multi-class SVM and Classification Method Based on Reliability Score for Autocoding of the Family Income and Expenditure Survey
	1 Introduction
	2 Efficient Estimation of Word Representations in Vector Space (Word2Vec)
	3 Support Vector Machine (SVM)
	4 Classification Method Based on Reliability Score
	5 A Hybrid Method of Multi-class SVM and Classification Method Based on Reliability Score
	6 Numerical Example
	7 Conclusion
	References
Individual Difference Assessment Method Based on Cluster Scale Using a Data Reduction Method
	1 Introduction
	2 Detection Metric for Differences Over Subjects Based on Cluster Scale
	3 Distance Based on Maximum Likelihood Estimation Using Fuzzy Covariance
	4 Individual Differences Assessment Method Based on Cluster Scale for Big Data Using Data Reduction Method
	5 Numerical Examples
	6 Conclusion
	References
Spatial Data Analysis and Sparse Estimation
Coordinate Descent Algorithm for Normal-Likelihood-Based Group Lasso in Multivariate Linear Regression
	1 Introduction
	2 Minimization of Norm-Penalized Quadratic Form
	3 CDA for Normal-Likelihood-Based Group Lasso
	4 Numerical Results
	References
Discriminant Analysis via Smoothly Varying Regularization
	1 Introduction
	2 Basis Expansion
	3 Smoothly Varying Regularization
		3.1 Motivation
		3.2 Smoothly Varying Regularization
		3.3 Concavity of Regularized Log-Likelihood
		3.4 Estimation Procedure
	4 Numerical Experiments
		4.1 Settings
		4.2 Synthetic Data Analysis
	5 Concluding Remarks
	References
Optimizations for Categorizations of Explanatory Variables in Linear Regression via Generalized Fused Lasso
	1 Introduction
	2 Model and Estimation
		2.1 Model
		2.2 Estimation
	3 Application to Modeling Apartment Rents
		3.1 Data and Model
		3.2 Results
	References
Robust Bayesian Changepoint Analysis in the Presence of Outliers
	1 Introduction
	2 Robust Bayesian Changepoint Analysis
	3 Simulation Study
	4 Real Data Example
	5 Conclusion and Discussion
	References
Spatio-Temporal Adaptive Fused Lasso for Proportion Data
	1 Introduction
	2 Spatio-Temporal Adaptive Fused Lasso
	3 Optimization Procedure
		3.1 Gradient Methods for Minimizing ellp* (µ µ µ µ)
		3.2 Coordinate Descent Algorithm
	4 Application
	5 Conclusions
	References
Variable Fusion for Bayesian Linear Regression via Spike-and-slab Priors
	1 Introduction
	2 Bayesian Variable Fusion via Spike-and-slab Priors
		2.1 Fusing Adjacent Coefficients by Spike-and-slab Priors
		2.2 Full Conditional Posteriors
		2.3 Computational Algorithm
	3 Numerical Studies
		3.1 Monte Carlo Simulation
		3.2 Application
	4 Conclusions
	References
Intelligent Diagnosis and Monitoring of Systems: Methods, Tools, and Applications
Diagnosis of Active Systems with Abstract Observability
	1 Introduction
	2 Active System
	3 Observability and Abnormality
	4 Offline Preprocessing
	5 Online Diagnosis
	6 Conclusion
	References
Java2CSP—A Model-Based Diagnosis Tool Not Only for Software Debugging
	1 Introduction
	2 Foundations
	3 Debugging Using Java2CSP
	4 Using Java2CSP for Dagnosis
	5 Conclusions
	References
Meta-diagnosis via Preference Relaxation for State Trackability
	1 Introduction
	2 Incremental Single State Estimation
		2.1 System Definition
		2.2 Preference-Based Estimation Strategy
		2.3 Dead End
	3 Meta-Diagnosis via Consistency-Based Diagnosis of Preferences
		3.1 Relaxed Preference Model
		3.2 Relaxed Estimation Process
		3.3 Consistency-Based Preference Diagnosis
	4 Experiments
	5 Results
	6 Conclusion
	References
Model-Based Diagnosis of Time Shift Failures in Discrete Event Systems:  A (Max,+) Observer-Based Approach
	1 Introduction
	2 Motivation
	3 Mathematical Background
	4 How Can a (Max,+) Observer Be Sensitive to Time Shift Failures?
		4.1 Time Shift Failures as Input Disturbances
		4.2 Observer Synthesis
	5 Time Shift Failure Detection in (Max,+)-Linear Systems
	6 Conclusion
	References
Innovative Technologies and Applications in Computer Intelligence
Adaptive Structural Deep Learning to Recognize Kinship Using Families in Wild Multimedia
	1 Introduction
	2 Adaptive Structural Learning Method of Deep Belief Network
		2.1 RBM and DBN
		2.2 Neuron Generation and Annihilation Algorithm of RBM
		2.3 Layer Generation Algorithm of DBN
	3 FIW (Family in the Wild)
	4 Experimental Result
	5 Conclusive Discussion
	References
Detecting Adversarial Examples for Time Series Classification and Its Performance Evaluation
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Adversarial Examples
		3.1 Definition of Adversarial Example Using Perturbation
		3.2 Target Model
		3.3 Types of Attacks
		3.4 Fast Gradient Sign Method (FGSM)
	4 Proposed Method
		4.1 2NCB Detection Method
		4.2 2CB Detection Method
		4.3 FVB Detection Method
		4.4 Ensemble Method
	5 Experiments
		5.1 Dataset
		5.2 Generating Adversarial Examples
		5.3 Performance Evaluation of the Proposed Methods
		5.4 Comparison with Conventional Method
	6 Conclusion
	References
Efficient Data Presentation Method for Building User Preference Model Using Interactive Evolutionary Computation
	1 Introduction
	2 Optimization of User Preference Models by IEC
		2.1 User Preference Model
		2.2 Mutual Evaluation Model
		2.3 Hidden Recommender Agent Model
		2.4 Optimization Flow of Recommender Agents
	3 Proposed Method
		3.1 Data Presentation Method
		3.2 User Preference Model by Neural Network
		3.3 Fitness of User Preference Model
	4 Experiments and Discussion
		4.1 Pseudo-Users
		4.2 Experimental Settings
		4.3 Results and Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
Image-Based Early Detection of Alzheimer's Disease by Using Adaptive Structural Deep Learning
	1 Introduction
	2 Adaptive Learning Method of Deep Belief Network
		2.1 Restricted Boltzmann Machine and Deep Belief Network
		2.2 Neuron Generation and Annihilation Algorithm of RBM
		2.3 Layer Generation Algorithm of DBN
	3 ADNI Dataset
	4 Experiment Results
	5 Conclusion
	References
Decision Making Theory for Economics
Calculations of SPCM by Several Methods for MDAHP Including Hierarchical Criteria
	1 Introduction
	2 SPCM
	3 Numerical Example of Using SPCM for Calculation of MDAHP
	4 Results of Calculation by LLSM
	5 Results of Calculation by the Harker Method
	6 Results of Calculation by ITSM
	7 Conclusion
	References
Equilibria Between Two Sets of Pairwise Comparisons as Solutions of Decision-Making with Orthogonal Criteria
	1 Decision-Making that Alternatives Choose Criteria
	2 As a Game
	3 Seeking Mixed Equilibria
	4 An Example: Voting and Pairwise Comparisons
	5 Discussions
	6 Conclusions
	References
Fluctuations in Evaluations with Multi-branch Tree Method for Efficient Resource Allocation
	1 Introduction
	2 Notation
	3 Fluctuation Functions
	4 Fluctuation Function of T(4, 3)
	5 Discussion
	References
Foundations for Model Building of Intelligent Pricing Methodology
	1 Introduction
	2 Price and Value in Management
	3 The Methodology of Structuring of the Pricing Mechanism
		3.1 Managing Pricing Mechanism
		3.2 Prices Classification
	4 Conclusion
	References
Informatization of Life Insurance Companies and Organizational Decision Making (Case of Nippon Life Insurance Company)
	1 Introduction
	2 Origin of Nippon Life and Informatization
		2.1 Development of Nippon Life and Computerization
		2.2 Rationalization of Long-Term Office Work
	3 Reconstruction of Office System
	4 Characteristics of Nippon Life’s Information System and Organizational Changes
	5 Conclusion
	References
Value Measurement and Taxation Metrics in the Model-Building Foundations for Intelligent Pricing Methodology
	1 Introduction
	2 Basic Costs Classification
	3 Metrics for Value Measurement in Management
	4 Taxes, Excises and Customs Duties as Part of the Pricing Model
		4.1 Basic Model of VAT Calculation
		4.2 Model Without VAT Calculation in the Middle of Value Chain
		4.3 Model Without VAT Calculation at the End of Value Chain
		4.4 Model Without VAT and Excise Calculation in the Middle and at the End of Value Chain
	5 Conclusion
	References
Author Index