Yangzi Waters: Transforming the Water Regime of the Jianghan Plain in Late Imperial China (China Studies, 44)

Half Title
Series Information
Title Page
Copyright Page
Contents
Acknowledgments
Figures and Tables
Introduction: Water, Society and Politics
	1 Theorizing Water and Politics
	2 Revisiting the Relationship between Water and Society
	3 The Yuan
		3.1 What Are Yuan?
		3.2 A Long-term View of the Yuan
	4 The Jianghan Plain
Chapter 1 Water-based Disasters and a Cultured Nature
	1 The Amphibious Nature of the Jianghan Plain
		1.1 A Flood-prone Environment
		1.2 Wet-rice Cultivation and Its Significance
		1.3 Amphibious Living
	2 Networks, Lineages, and the Creation of Yuan
	3 Temple-Yuan Relations: Seeing a Cultured Nature
	4 Conclusion
Chapter 2 Disordering Nature: Wetlands and Empire Reconstruction (1600s–Early 1700s)
	1 The Early History of the Wetlands in the Jianghan Plain
	2 Crisis and Restoration
	3 Migration and Opening the Plain
	4 Fluidity of the Jianghan Lifestyle
	5 Complexities in Administration
	6 The Early Qing State and Its Laissez-faire Policy in Central China
	7 Hydraulic Communities: Official and People’s Yuan
	8 Enforcement on Collaboration: The Formation of Yuan Zones
	9 Customs in Common: Various Solutions for Collaboration
	10 Turn Sea to Land: Population Growth and Dike Proliferation
	11 Conclusion
Chapter 3 The Retreat of the Horse: The Manchus, Pasturelands, and Water Management on the Jianghan Plain (ca. 1700s–mid-1800s)
	1 Manchus and Horses
	2 The Jingzhou Garrison
	3 Population Growth and Land Reclamation in the Eighteenth-century Jianghan Plain
	4 The Debate over Land versus Water
	5 The Dilemma for Statecraft Officials
	6 The Manchus and the Local Ecology of Central China
	7 Efforts to Reinforce Manchu Cultural Identity
	8 The Retreat of Horses in the Jianghan Plain in the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries
	9 Conclusion
Chapter 4 Militarizing Water: Forts, Polders, and Landscape in an Era of Crisis (1796–1860s)
	1 The Rebels and the Jianghan Plain
	2 Jianbi Qingye: The Qing State’s Counterinsurgency Agenda
	3 Fort Building in the Hubei Highlands
	4 Local Militarization and the Lowland Communities
	5 Yuan and Tuanlian: Qianjiang County as a Case Study
	6 Disruptions in the Hydraulic System with Local Militarization
	7 The Rural Famine in the Jianghan Plain from the Late 1850s to the 1860s
	8 Conclusion
Chapter 5 Coping with Environmental Crisis in the Post-Taiping Era
	1 Post-Taiping Social Distress and Environmental Crisis
	2 Managing the Waters
		2.1 Flood Control: Restoring, Diking, or Diverting
		2.2 Sedimentation: Ban the Reclamation on Mountains
		2.3 Sacrificing the South for the North
	3 The Changing Nature of Conflicts over Water
		3.1 First, Greater Frequency and on a Larger Scale
		3.2 Second, Diversifying Stakeholders
		3.3 Third, a “Plebeian Culture” in Popular Action
		3.4 Case Study: The Conflicts over the Big and Small Zekou Outlets from the 1840s to the 1910s
	4 Changes in Hydrotopography of the Jianghan Plain
	5 Conclusion
Chapter 6 Centering the Plain
	1 The Jinshui Reclamation Project
	2 The Social, Economic, and Hydraulic Conditions of the Plain
	3 Reorganizing the Yuan System in the Early Republic
	4 The Nationalist Government’s Scheme of Unifying Watersheds
	5 A Divided Central Yangzi Watershed
	6 Hydropower: Centering the Yangzi
	7 Conclusion
Conclusion
	1 An Autonomous Water Regime
	2 An Amphibious Water Regime
	3 The Role of the State
	4 Environmental Changes in the Longue Durée
		4.1 Hydrogeographic Changes
		4.2 Loss of Biodiversity
	5 Hopes and Challenges in the Jianghan Plain
Appendix: Glossary of Chinese Measurement Terms
Works Cited
	Gazetteers, Archives, and Other Manuscript Sources (Arranged by Title)
	Databases
	Books and Articles
Index