Women of Power: Half a Century of Female Presidents and Prime Ministers Worldwide

WOMEN OF POWER......Page 2
Contents......Page 4
List of figures and tables......Page 8
Acknowledgements......Page 9
Feminist breakthrough......Page 10
Complexity......Page 11
Tough task......Page 12
Political will and resources......Page 13
Back to research......Page 14
Dynamics of change......Page 16
World history......Page 17
Complete overview......Page 18
Varied information......Page 19
Plan of the book......Page 20
Sirimavo Bandaranaike: first woman in Ceylon......Page 22
India’s ‘Empress’ Indira Gandhi......Page 32
Golda Meir takes charge – and Dalia Itzik follows......Page 43
Dancer Isabel Perón takes over in Argentina......Page 52
Friend of the Central African Republic’s dictator: Elisabeth Domitien......Page 57
Game of chance......Page 62
2. Women in politics: background, approaches, research......Page 68
Glimpses back in time......Page 70
The United Nations......Page 72
Changing world......Page 75
Political structures and actors......Page 81
The world’s first democracies......Page 98
Margaret Thatcher: Conservative Iron Lady......Page 100
Solitary swallows in Malta and Portugal: Agatha Barbara and Maria de Lourdes Pintasilgo......Page 111
Vigdís Finnbogadóttir and Icelandic red stockings......Page 117
Norway’s ‘Mother’, Gro Harlem Brundtland......Page 120
Rising wave of feminism......Page 130
Poor and populous South Asia......Page 136
Benazir Bhutto: daughter of the East......Page 137
Khaleda Zia and Sheikh Hasina in Bangladesh......Page 150
Epilogue in India: Pratibha Patil......Page 162
Chandrika Kumaratunga of Sri Lanka......Page 165
Dynasties and violence......Page 168
Manifold island realms......Page 176
Cory Aquino, the Philippines’ number one......Page 177
Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo, the Philippines’ number two......Page 187
Megawati and Moslem men in Indonesia......Page 195
When a dictator falls......Page 203
Han Myung-sook: on her own merits in South Korea......Page 207
Violeta Chamorro: Peace Dove in Nicaragua......Page 212
Third wave of democratisation......Page 220
Bolivian revolutionary: Lidia Güeiler Tejada......Page 224
Janet Jagan: from Chicago to Guyana......Page 227
Panama’s ‘new dawn’: Mireya Moscoso......Page 233
Beatriz Merino: independent woman in Peru......Page 237
Unlikely pioneer in Chile: Michelle Bachelet......Page 239
Cristina Fernández follows up in Argentina......Page 246
Pink Wave in Costa Rica and Brazil: Laura Chinchilla and Dilma Rousseff......Page 253
Behind a successful woman is a strong man......Page 258
British heritage and male networks......Page 268
Eugenia Charles: a Caribbean matriarch......Page 270
Three Haitian women in the turmoil: Ertha Pascal-Trouillot, Claudette Werleigh and Michèle Pierre-Louis......Page 277
Portia Simpson-Miller: up and down in Jamaica......Page 282
Kamla Persad-Bissessar in Trinidad and Tobago......Page 286
Male-dominated democracy......Page 289
Ruth Perry ends Liberia’s civil war......Page 294
Authoritarian rule in poor countries......Page 299
Explosion in Rwanda and Burundi: Agatha Uwlingiyimana and Sylvie Kinigi......Page 303
Mame Madior Boye: change of elites in Senegal......Page 308
Political squeeze in São Tomé and Príncipe: Maria das Neves and Maria do Carmo Silveira......Page 313
Luisa Diogo: assistant to the boss in Mozambique......Page 316
Ellen Johnson Sirleaf to the top in Liberia......Page 320
Rose Rogombé, Gabon’s master of ceremonies......Page 328
Overshadowed by ‘Big Chiefs’......Page 329
Liberation becomes oppression......Page 336
Satellites and collapse......Page 340
Croatia’s Milka Planinc and Jadranka Kosor......Page 341
‘Shock therapy’ in the East......Page 348
Lithuanian relay: Kazimiera Prunskienė and Dalia Grybauskaitė......Page 350
Sabine Bergmann-Pohl, the last head of East Germany......Page 356
Polish compromise: Hanna Suchocka......Page 358
Latvia’s queen: Vaira Vīķe-Freiberga......Page 361
Reneta Indzhova: Bulgarian episode......Page 365
Rose Revolution with Nino Burjanadze......Page 366
Yulia Tymoshenko: Ukraine’s Orange Princess......Page 368
‘Communism’ in Moldova: Zinaida Greceanîi......Page 373
Iveta Radičová, sociologist in Slovakia......Page 379
Patriarchy continues......Page 380
No women at the top: Russia......Page 387
Irish surprise: Mary Robinson and Mary McAleese......Page 390
Edith Cresson: caught in a French trap......Page 397
Kim Campbell: an impossible task in Canada......Page 403
Ambitious Turkish economist: Tansu Çiller......Page 406
Women’s top two in New Zealand: Jenny Shipley and 
Helen Clark......Page 411
Switzerland lets women in: Ruth Dreifuss, Micheline Calmy-Rey and Doris Leuthard......Page 419
Finland’s three national leaders: Tarja Halonen, 
Anneli Jäätteenmäki and Mari Kiviniemi......Page 422
Angela Merkel: the world’s quiet leader......Page 429
Jóhanna Sigurðardóttir rescues the Saga island......Page 438
Australian Prime Minister Julia Gillard under attack......Page 442
Breakers, walls and rising tide......Page 447
Western countries......Page 454
Eastern countries (former Eastern Bloc)......Page 456
Latin America and the Caribbean......Page 458
Asia......Page 461
Sub-Saharan Africa......Page 464
Where women did not go to the top......Page 466
Remarkable and limited......Page 476
Favourable conditions......Page 477
Well-equipped women......Page 481
Struggling upwards......Page 487
More or less power......Page 496
Women’s leadership......Page 500
Woman-friendly democracy......Page 511
Notes......Page 516
Bibliography (in original languages)......Page 532
Appendix Chronological overview: women presidents and prime ministers (1960–2010)a: positions and terms of office (when first came to power)......Page 576
 Elected or appointed in 2011 or later
(not described in the book)......Page 579
Index......Page 580