What Dogs Know

Acknowledgements
Contents
About the Authors
1: Why Dogs?
	Why Testing Dogs
	About This Book
	What Do We Need Studies for?
	Fun for Dogs or Animal Experiment
	The Comparison
2: How Wolves Became Dogs
	When It Began
	How It Began
	Why It Began
	Helper or Parasite?
	A Dog Is Still a Dog
3: Dogs Are Not Wolves
	In the Pack
	Puppies and People
	Unhappy Alone
	Wild Versus Domestic Animals
	The Dog’s Gaze
	Looks Like a Wolf but Isn’t One!
	Smart Dachshund, Stupid St Bernard?
4: What Do Dogs Understand About Others?
	What Do Dogs See?
	Forbidden Food
	Whom Should I Beg from?
	When Must I Be Obedient?
	Fetch It!
	What Do Humans Hear?
	Seeing Leads to Knowing
	Our Conclusion
5: Do Dogs Learn by Observing Others?
	Social Learning
	Dogs Learn from Each Other
	The Fence Study
	Are They Watching Closely?
	A Plastic Car
	A More Difficult Task
	Does Context Matter?
	From Dog to Dog
	‘Do as I Do’
	Applications in Everyday Life
6: How Do Dogs Interpret Human Gestures?
	The Object Choice Test
	Following Their Noses?
	Exactly Which Cues Do Dogs Use?
	From Dog to Dog
	Innate
	Three Hypotheses
	Other Animals
	Gesture as Information?
	Benefits in Everyday Life
7: Communication Between Dogs and Humans
	How Dogs Bark
	A Dog Language?
	Why Do Dogs Bark at All?
	Communication Through Facial Expression
	Rico
	Understanding Language
	Learning New Terms
	Questioning Rico’s Abilities
	An Exceptional Talent?
	Summary
8: What Do Dogs Know About Their Environment?
	Object Permanence
	The Ball in the Container
	Shell Games
	The Magic Cup
	What’s Where?
	What Information Is Important?
	Orientation in Space
	Can Dogs Count?
	Gravity
	Pulling Rope
	Dog Logic
	Do Dogs Know What They Smell?
	Vital for Survival!
9: When Dogs Help
	Providing Information
	Practical Help
	Sharing Is Fun?
	Helping Each Other
10: Looking Ahead
	Many Questions Remain Unanswered!
	Why Is This Important?
	Animal Wellbeing
	How Smart Is My Dog?
Further Reading
How Wolves Became Dogs
Dogs Are Not Wolves
What Do Dogs Understand About Others?
Do Dogs Learn by Observing Others?
How Do Dogs Interpret Human Gestures?
Communication Between Dogs and Humans
What Do Dogs Know About Their Environment?
When Dogs Help
Index