Western Technology and China's Industrial Development: Steamship Building in Nineteenth-Century China, 1828-1895

Acknowledgements
Contents
List of Figures
Chapter 1: Introduction
	The Steam Engine and Its Techno-scientific Background
	Self-strengthening
	Transferring Western Technology into China
	References
Chapter 2: Discovering Steam Power in China, 1828–1865
	Smoke and Wheels: Misunderstanding the Steam Engine
	The Few Who Understood the Steam Mechanism
	China’s Changing Technological Environment
	The First Chinese-built Steamer
	Machine Tools
	Conclusion
	References
Chapter 3: Translating Heat: Tackling Old Conceptions with New Ideas, 1855–1868
	Qi, yin-yang and wu xing
	Heat Is a Substance, But Not Qi: The Bowu xinbian
	Latent Heat or “Intrinsic Heat”?
	More Argument Against Qi: The Xia’er guanzhen
	More Theoretical Challenge: Heat as Motion
	Teaching Heat: The Gewu rumen
	Does Heat Contain Force?
	Introducing Specific Heat
	Refusing to Accept the Dynamic Theory
	Conclusion
	References
Chapter 4: Achievements and Constraints of Late Qing Translations of Heat, 1868–1895
	Doubting qi
	Translating Textbooks of Engine-room Management
	Popular Science Texts: Edging Toward to a More Up-to-Date Theory
	Confusing Energy with Force: The Gezhi qimeng
	Moving Further Away from qi: Chinese Writings About Heat
	Energy, Force, Or Work?
	Conclusion
	References
Chapter 5: Training Workers and Engineers: The Fuzhou Navy Yard, 1866–1895
	Initiating the Navy Yard Project
	Five-Year Contract
	The Yard
	The Organization
	The Workforce
	Training on the Job
	The Naval School
	The Next Step
	Iron and the Compound Engine
	The Training Program in France and in Fuzhou
	Catching Up
	Steel
	Facilities Upgrade
	Change of Organization
	The Training Program in Europe and Fuzhou
	Conclusion
Chapter 6: To Buy Or to Build?
	The Original Plan
	The Immediate Problem
	The Long-term Problem
	Conclusion
	References
Chapter 7: Conclusion
	References
Glossary
Index