Views of Nature and Dualism: Rethinking Philosophical, Theological, and Religious Assumptions in the Anthropocene

Preface and Acknowledgements
Contents
Notes on Contributors
Chapter 1: Attending to the Human-Nature Relationship: Approaches, Contexts, and Challenges
	Epistemological Point of Departure
	The Ambiguity of Nature and Dualism
	Views of Nature and Dualism: Contexts and Space/Place
	Dualisms and Religions
	The Human-Nature Dualism
	Bibliography
Chapter 2: Seeing Nature as a Whole: Ecospirituality and the Human-Nature Relationship
	Introduction
	Mapping the Landscape of Ecospirituality: Visions and Actions
	Main Topics in Ecospirituality
		Seeing Nature and Awareness
		Place and Space
		Belonging and Feeling at Home in Nature
		The Role of Aesthetic Experiences in Nature
	Toward a Dynamic Relational Holism
	Bibliography
Chapter 3: The Role of Panentheism and Pantheism for Environmental Well-Being
	Introduction
	Ontological God-World Dualism
		Classical Theism
		Panentheism
		Pantheism
	In-Worldly Dualisms
	Inclusive Metaphors and Environmental Theology
	Panentheism, Environmental Concerns, and God-World Dualism
	Pantheism, Environmental Concerns, and God-World Monism
		Value Differentiation
		Panpsychist Pantheism
	Conclusions
	Bibliography
Chapter 4: Landscapes of the Unconscious and the Longings of Nature
	Dark Tree Longings
	Ethno-Poetic Agitations
	Traces of Excess
	Becoming Art
	Bibliography
Chapter 5: Ferd Toward a Joyful Change: Nature, Mountaineering Philosophers, and the Dawn of “Higher” Friluftsliv Education
	Introduction
	Mountaineering Philosophers and the Concept of friluftsliv
	An Alternative to Competition: The Ferd as Cooperation
		Mother of all Ferds: The Anti-Expedition to Tseringma
		Ferd to Azourki: Ferd Methodology and Friluftsliv Pedagogy Takes Shape
	Ferd and Deep Encounters with Nature: Discussion and Problematization
		Free Nature
		Duration
		Reflection
	Ferden Further: Toward a Friluftsliv as a Holistic Interaction with Nature
	Conclusion
	Bibliography
Chapter 6: An Overview of Natural, Human, Philosophical, and Theological Dualisms
	Introduction
	Book of Nature
	Human Systems
	Philosophical Perspectives on Transitions
		Monist Perspectives
		Dualist Perspectives
	Metaphysical Metaphors
	Theological Metaphors
	Conclusion
	Bibliography
Chapter 7: Reading the Signs of the Times: Nature-Culture Dualism and Human Feeling in the Anthropocene
	Nature-Culture
	Agent
	Sign
	Story
	Bibliography
Chapter 8: One Reality, Not Two: Bonhoeffer, Jesus Christ, and a Membraned World
	Introduction
	Bonhoeffer
		Ethics
		Bonhoeffer’s Lifelong Insistence on Concreteness
	Methodology
	Critiquing Bonhoeffer’s God-World Dualism: Creation and Fall
		Primal Splitting: God from World
		Human Distinctiveness
	A Bonhoefferean Animist Ecology: Complexifying Views of the Sacred
		Non-dual Divine Presence: Jesus Christ as a Boundary Between Persons
		The Boundary Becomes a Membrane
	Conclusion
	Bibliography
Chapter 9: Pentecostal Emotive (Non)Dualism: Pneumatology, Worship, and Context
	Introduction
	Pentecostal Cosmology
	Emotive Experientialism
		What Are Humans?
		What Are Emotions According to Theologians and Philosophers?
		What Are Emotions According to Scientists?
		What Do Emotions Tell Us About the Spirit?
	Non-dualism in Genesis 1:2
	Conclusion: Stories of Healing
	Bibliography
Chapter 10: The Role of Formal Distinction in the Articulation of Univocity of Being: “Neutral” and “Expressive” Univocity of Being in the Thinking of Duns Scotus and Spinoza
	Introduction
	Univocity, Analogy, and Equivocity
	Real Distinction, Conceptual Distinction, Modal Distinction, and Formal Distinction
	Neutrality or Pantheism?
	Spinoza and the Distinction Between Substance and Attributes
	Substance and Attribute as Expression and as Formal Distinction
	Conclusion
	Bibliography
Chapter 11: You Are What You See: Environmental Ethics from Aesthetic Experience Via David Bentley Hart and Gilles Deleuze
	Introduction
	The Materialist Ontologies of Hart and Deleuze
	Theological Stakes in Environmental Aesthetics
	Conclusion
	Bibliography
Chapter 12: Zen Master Thich Nhat Hanh’s Ecological Imagination
	Bibliography
Chapter 13: Lines of Distinction and Circles of Connection: Toward a Holistic Epistemology
	Introduction: The Ubiquity and Axiology of Lines and Circles
	Educational Systems, Epistemologies, and the Exile of Theology
	Softening the Line and Expanding the Open Circle
	Bibliography
Index