Toxicological profiles - 1,3-butadiene

TOXICOLOGICAL PROFILE FOR 1,3-BUTADIENE......Page 1
CONTENTS......Page 5
DISCLAIMER......Page 2
FOREWORD......Page 3
LIST OF FIGURES......Page 8
LIST OF TABLES......Page 9
1.1 WHAT IS 1,3-BUTADIENE?......Page 10
1.3 HOW CAN 1,3-BUTADIENE ENTER AND LEAVE MY BODY?......Page 11
1.6 WHAT RECOMMENDATIONS HAS THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT MADE TO PROTECT HUMAN HEALTH?......Page 12
2.2 DISCUSSION OF HEALTH EFFECTS BY ROUTE OF EXPOSURE......Page 13
2.2.1.1 Death......Page 14
2.2.1.2 Systemic Effects......Page 15
2.2.1.4 Neurological Effects......Page 28
2.2.1.5 Developmental Effects......Page 29
2.2.1.7 Genotoxic Effects......Page 30
2.2.1.8 Cancer......Page 31
2.2.2.4 Neurological Effects......Page 32
2.3.1 Absorption......Page 33
2.3.2.2 Oral Exposure......Page 34
2.3.3 Metabolism......Page 35
2.3.4.1 Inhalation Exposure......Page 36
2.4 RELEVANCE TO PUBLIC HEALTH......Page 37
2.5 BIOMARKERS OF EXPOSURE AND EFFECT......Page 46
2.5.1 Biomarkers Used to Identify and/or Quantify Exposure to 1,3-Butadiene......Page 47
2.8 MITIGATION OF EFFECTS......Page 48
2.9.1 Existing Information on Health Effects of 1,3-Butadiene......Page 49
2.9.2 Data Needs......Page 51
2.9.3 Ongoing Studies......Page 54
3.2 PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES......Page 55
4.1 PRODUCTION......Page 60
5.1 OVERVIEW......Page 65
5.2.1 Air......Page 70
5.3.1 Transport and Partitioning......Page 71
5.3.2.1 Air......Page 72
5.3.2.2 Water......Page 73
5.3.2.3 Soil......Page 74
5.4.1 Air......Page 76
5.5 GENERAL POPULATION AND OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE......Page 78
5.6 POPULATIONS WITH POTENTIALLY HIGH EXPOSURES......Page 80
5.7.1 Data Needs......Page 83
6.1 BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS......Page 85
6.2 ENVIRONMENTAL SAMPLES......Page 86
6.3.1 Data Needs......Page 89
7. REGULATIONS AND ADVISORIES......Page 90
8. REFERENCES......Page 94
Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health (IDLH)......Page 110
Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL)......Page 111
Uncertainty Factor (UF)......Page 112
User s Guide......Page 113
Acronyms, Abbreviations, and Symbols......Page 119
Peer Review......Page 122