Thermal Power Plants: Advanced Applications

THERMAL POWER PLANTS - ADVANCED APPLICATIONS......Page 1
©......Page 2
Contents......Page 4
Preface......Page 6
Section 1 Energy Efficiency and Plant Performance......Page 8
1. Introduction......Page 10
2. Process description of a coal-fired power plant......Page 11
3.1. Modelling in SysCAD......Page 13
3.2. Brief description of case study......Page 15
3.3.1. Power generation model......Page 16
3.3.1.1. Boiler and reheating......Page 17
3.3.1.2. Steam turbine......Page 18
3.3.1.3. Condenser......Page 19
3.3.1.4. Low pressure and high pressure heaters......Page 20
3.3.1.7. Pipe......Page 21
3.3.2. Boiler combustion model......Page 22
4. Energy analysis and efficiency improvement......Page 24
4.1. Energy balance calculation......Page 25
4.2. Exergy balance calculation......Page 27
5. Result and discussion......Page 31
References......Page 34
1. Introduction......Page 36
2. Functionality of a thermal power plant......Page 37
2.1. Boiler accessories......Page 39
2.2. Steam turbine......Page 41
3.1. Boiler efficiency calculations......Page 42
3.1.2. Method of heat losses......Page 43
3.2. Steam turbine efficiency calculation......Page 44
4. Methodology of analysis......Page 45
4.1. OOPP method......Page 46
4.2. Some researches on the OOPP method......Page 47
4.3. Refining the OOPP method......Page 48
5. Results of the system analysis and correctives actions......Page 49
6. Conclusion......Page 54
References......Page 55
1. Introduction......Page 58
2.1. Pre-combustion capture......Page 59
2.2. Post–combustion capture......Page 60
2.3. Oxy–fuel combustion capture......Page 61
2.4. Comparison amongst different capture technologies......Page 63
3.1. Experimental and theoretical laboratory–scale projects......Page 64
3.2. Industrial large–scale demonstration developments......Page 66
4.1. Coal ignition......Page 67
4.2.Flame behaviour......Page 68
4.3. Char combustion......Page 70
4.4.1. O2 concentration......Page 71
4.4.2. Particle size......Page 72
4.4.3. Flue gas recirculation......Page 73
5.1. The pulverized dry lignite combustion in the lab–scale furnace......Page 74
5.1.1. A review of experimental setup of Andersson [53]......Page 75
5.1.2. CFD results and discussion......Page 76
5.2. The brown coal combustion in a 550 MW tangentially–fired boiler......Page 80
5.2.1. Boiler description and operating conditions......Page 81
5.2.3. CFD results and discussion......Page 82
6. Conclusion......Page 86
References......Page 87
2. Research problem formulation......Page 92
3. Selection and justification of technical solutions for heat exchanger modernization......Page 93
4. Special features of optimization calculation techniques for heat exchangers......Page 96
5. Methods of heat exchanger reliability improvement......Page 98
6. Discussion of modernization results for power stations heat exchangers......Page 99
Nomenclature......Page 110
References......Page 111
Section 2 Sustainable Power Generation and Environmental Aspects......Page 114
1. Introduction......Page 116
2. Solar stirling engines......Page 118
4.1. Technical feasibility......Page 120
4.2. Economical feasibility......Page 125
5. Conclusions......Page 127
Appendix......Page 128
References......Page 130
1. Introduction......Page 134
3.1. Available husk at rice mills......Page 135
3.2. Electricity generation capacity based on rice husk energy at the study areas......Page 136
3.4. Rice processing in Bangladesh......Page 140
3.6. Husk consumed in rice mill......Page 141
3.7. Husk surplus after consumed in rice mill......Page 142
3.8. Potential of electricity generation from rice husk......Page 143
4. Conclusion......Page 146
Apendix......Page 147
References......Page 148
1. Introduction......Page 150
2. Catalytic reduction of dissolved oxygen......Page 151
3.1. Effect of temperature and pressure......Page 152
3.2. Effect of water flow rate......Page 154
3.3. The system performance in low level of inlet oxygen and high water flow rate......Page 155
3.4. Effect of contact time......Page 156
4. Conclusion......Page 157
References......Page 158
1.1. The energy scene......Page 160
1.2. Coal reserves and demand scenario......Page 161
1.3.1. Fly ash......Page 162
1.3.3. Pond ash......Page 163
1.4. Implications of coal ash generation......Page 164
2.1. Ministry of environment and forests — Notification......Page 165
2.2. Strategies for coal ash utilization......Page 167
2.4. Progressive Fly Ash Generation and utilization during the 
period from 1996-97 to 2010-11......Page 168
3.1. Trace elements in fly ash......Page 169
3.2. Leaching aspects of fly ash......Page 170
3.3.2. ASTM shake test......Page 171
3.3.6. ASTM column......Page 172
4. Leachate analysis results......Page 173
5. Concluding remarks......Page 174
References......Page 182