The Thirty Years War

Contents
	Introduction
	Acknowledgements
	Part One: The Background, 1600—21
	1 Areas of Conflict
	Western Europe
	Northern Europe
	The Holy Roman Empire
	The Bohemian crisis
	Part Two: Developments, 1621-48
	2 The Habsburgs in the Ascendant
	The Grisons issue and the Valtelline
	The formation of the Hague Coalition
	The Danish war, 1626-29
	The Edict of Restitution, 1629
	The Regensburg meeting of Electors, 1630
	The Mantuan war, 1627—31
	3 Gustavus Adolphus, Wallenstein and the Peace of Prague, 1635
	The Swedish invasion, 1630
	The Heilbronn League and the fall of Wallenstein
	The peace of Prague, 1635
	4 The Entry of France and the Search for Peace
	Summary of the peace arrangements and some consequences
	The Westphalian settlements: a turning point?
	Part Three: Analysis
	5: Economic and Social Effects of The Thirty Years War
	Population
	Agriculture and peasantry
	Industrial production
	Currencies, prices, wages
	Public finance: Sweden, Spain, France
	Revolt and reaction: Europe in crisis?
	6 Religion and Diplomacy
	Ferdinand II and Lamormaini
	Richelieu, Maximilian and Gustavus Adolphus
	Spain
	7 Military Developments
	A military revolution?
	The Dutch reforms
	Gustavus Adolphus
	Wallenstein
	Part Four: Assessment
	8 Conclusions
	Part Five: Documents
	document 1 The truce between Spain and the Netherlands
	document 2 The Counter-Reformation in Austria
	document 3 The Letter of Majesty of July, 1609
	document 4 The Edict of Restitution, 1629
	document 5 The Treaty of Bärwalde, January 1631
	document 6 The League of Heilbronn, April 1633
	document 7 The Peace of Prague, 1635
	document 8 The Treaty of Westphalia, 1648
	document 9 The Papal Bull ‘Zelo Domus Dei’ (1648)
	document 10 The electoral convention at Regensburg, 1630
	document 11 A modern historian on Wallenstein
	document 12 Gustavus Adolphus’ reaction to his luke-warm reception by the German princes after his invasion.
	document 13 The sack of Magdeburg, May 1631
	document 14 Peasant reaction to the Swedish army near Swabia, 1632
	document 15 More effects of the war on Germany
	document 16 Conditions in 1634
	document 17 Peasants are forced to flee to Lake Constance (1636)
	document 18 The pressure of Spanish economic warfare in the 1620s backfires.
	document 19 Swedish state income and expenditure in 1633
	document 20 French diplomatic thinking
	Bibliography
Index