The Routledge History of Literature in English

Title......Page 4
Copyright......Page 5
Contents......Page 8
List of illustrations......Page 13
Foreword by Malcolm Bradbury......Page 15
Contexts and conditions......Page 23
Personal and religious voices......Page 27
Language note: The earliest figurative language......Page 31
Long poems......Page 32
French influence and English affirmation......Page 35
Language and dialect......Page 40
Language note: The expanding lexicon    Chaucer and Middle English......Page 43
From anonymity to individualism......Page 45
Women's voices......Page 48
Fantasy......Page 50
Travel......Page 51
Geoffrey Chaucer......Page 52
Langland, Gower and Lydgate......Page 59
The Scottish Chaucerians......Page 64
Mediaeval drama......Page 66
Malory and Skelton......Page 69
Language note: Prose and sentence structure......Page 71
Contexts and conditions......Page 77
Language note: Expanding world: expanding lexicon......Page 82
Renaissance poetry......Page 84
Drama before Shakespeare......Page 89
From the street to a building    the Elizabethan theatre......Page 95
Language note: The further expanding lexicon......Page 97
Renaissance prose......Page 98
Translations of the Bible......Page 105
Language note: The language of the Bible......Page 107
Shakespeare......Page 109
The plays......Page 110
The sonnets......Page 121
Language note: Changing patterns of 'thou' and 'you'......Page 123
The Metaphysical poets......Page 125
The Cavalier poets......Page 131
Jacobean drama    to the closure of the theatres, 1642......Page 133
Masques......Page 135
Other dramatists of the early seventeenth century......Page 136
City comedy......Page 143
The end of the Renaissance theatre......Page 146
Contexts and conditions......Page 149
Early Milton......Page 153
Restoration drama......Page 159
Rochester......Page 170
Dryden......Page 172
Pope......Page 177
Journalism......Page 179
Scottish Enlightenment, diarists and Gibbon......Page 181
The novel......Page 186
Criticism......Page 201
Language note: The expanding lexicon    'standards of English'......Page 202
Johnson......Page 203
Sterne, Smollett and Scottish voices......Page 206
Drama after 1737......Page 214
Poetry after Pope......Page 216
Language note: Metrical patterns......Page 222
Melancholy, madness and nature......Page 223
The Gothic and the sublime......Page 228
Language note: Point of view......Page 231
Contexts and conditions......Page 237
Language note: William Cobbett, grammar and politics......Page 243
Blake, Wordsworth and Coleridge......Page 244
Language note: The 'real' language of men......Page 252
Keats......Page 254
Shelley......Page 259
Byron......Page 263
Clare......Page 268
Romantic prose......Page 269
The novel in the Romantic period......Page 273
Jane Austen......Page 275
Language note: Jane Austen's English......Page 279
Scott......Page 280
From Gothic to Frankenstein......Page 285
The Scottish regional novel......Page 286
Contexts and conditions......Page 291
Dickens......Page 293
Victorian thought and Victorian novels......Page 299
The Bronts and Eliot......Page 309
Other lady novelists......Page 314
Late Victorian novels......Page 316
Wilde and Aestheticism......Page 327
Hardy and James......Page 330
Language note: Dialect and character in Hardy......Page 333
Victorian poetry......Page 339
Language note: The developing uses of dialects in literature......Page 358
Victorian drama......Page 360
Contexts and conditions......Page 367
Modern poetry to 1945......Page 371
Later Hardy......Page 372
Language note: The fragmenting lexicon......Page 375
Georgian and Imagist poetry......Page 377
First World War poetry......Page 379
Irish writing......Page 383
W.B. Yeats......Page 384
T.S. Eliot......Page 386
Language note: Modernist poetic syntax......Page 391
Popular poets......Page 393
Thirties poets......Page 394
Scottish and Welsh poetry......Page 399
Modern drama to 1945......Page 402
Irish drama......Page 404
D.H. Lawrence......Page 406
Popular and poetic drama......Page 408
Language note: Literature about language......Page 410
The novel to 1945......Page 412
The Kailyard School......Page 414
Provincial novels......Page 415
Social concerns......Page 416
Light novels......Page 417
Genre fiction......Page 418
Modernism and the novel......Page 420
Forster, Conrad and Ford......Page 421
Language note: Metaphor and metonymy......Page 424
D.H. Lawrence......Page 431
Woolf and Joyce......Page 439
Language note: Irish English, nationality and literature......Page 449
Novels of the First World War......Page 451
Aldous Huxley......Page 453
Women writers......Page 454
Ireland......Page 456
Early Greene and Waugh......Page 458
Thirties novelists......Page 460
Contexts and conditions......Page 467
Drama since 1945......Page 471
Poetry of the Second World War......Page 489
Poetry since 1945......Page 491
Martians and gorgons......Page 503
Towards the twenty-first century......Page 507
The novel since 1945......Page 509
Language note: Discourse, titles and dialogism......Page 510
Later Greene......Page 512
Post-war Waugh......Page 513
Orwell......Page 515
Dialogue novels......Page 519
The mid-century novel......Page 522
Amis, father and son......Page 525
Language note: City slang......Page 527
Golding......Page 529
Fowles and Frayn......Page 531
Novel sequences......Page 532
The campus novel......Page 533
Excellent women......Page 535
Muriel Spark and others......Page 539
Margaret Drabble......Page 541
Lessing, Hill and Weldon......Page 542
Iris Murdoch......Page 543
Internationalism......Page 545
'Insiders' from 'outside'......Page 546
Language note: English, Scots and Scotland......Page 552
The contemporary Scottish novel......Page 554
The contemporary Irish novel......Page 558
Endings and beginnings......Page 559
Old and Middle English......Page 563
The Renaissance......Page 569
Restoration to Romanticism......Page 573
The Romantic period......Page 575
The nineteenth century......Page 576
The twentieth century: 1900  45......Page 579
The twentieth century: 1945 to the present......Page 581
British and Irish winners of the Nobel Prize for Literature......Page 585
Acknowledgements......Page 586
Select bibliography......Page 590
Index......Page 599