The Routledge Handbook of Science and Empire

Cover
Half Title
Title Page
Copyright Page
Table of Contents
List of Figures
List of Contributors
1 Introduction: An Imperial Turn in the History of Science
	Notes
2 Situating the Empire in History of Science
	The Eurocentrism of History of Science
	Conclusion
	Notes
3 Cartography and Empire From Early Modernity to Postmodernity
	Imperial World Maps, C.1400–c.1600
	Mapping Early-Modern Possessions
	Cartographic Power in the Age of European Imperialism
	Conclusion: Imperial Maps in the Postcolonial Era
	Notes
4 Racial Science
	Slavery and the African Body
	Racial Science and the Colonial State
	Sciences of Settler Colonialism
	Science, Race, and Anticolonialism
	Conclusion
	Acknowledgements
	Notes
5 Meteorology and Empire
	Weather, Climate, and Early Colonial Expansion
	Meteorology and the Colonial Observatories
	Meteorology As Colonial Science
	Aerial Imperialism
	Decolonising Meteorology
	Notes
6 Colonial Psychiatry
	Institutions
	Colonial Ideology and Psychiatric Knowledge
	Psychoanalysis
	Decolonisation
	Conclusion
	Notes
7 Anthropology and Empire
	The History of Anthropology
	Practical Entanglements
	Useful Knowledge for the Empire
	Knowledge As Ideology
	Anthropological Work and Research Subjects’ Lives
	Recent Generations of Scholars
	Decolonising Anthropology
	Notes
8 Natural History Collections and Empire
	Notes
9 Non-Western Collectors and Their Contributions to Natural History, C. 1750–1940
	Local Knowledge and the Field Sciences
	Collectors in the Archives: the Cases of John Edmonston and Ali
	Alternative Approaches: Collections and the Case for Decolonisation
	Inverting Perspectives and New Narratives
	Conclusions
	Notes
10 Energy and Empire
	Energy and Power
	Coal
	Electricity
	Conclusion
	Notes
11 Science, Empire, and the Old Society of Jesus, 1540–1773
	Jesuits As Imperial Agents, Or Science As An Appendage to Imperialism
	Science As a Concealment of Imperialism: Jesuits As Transimperial Agents
	Conclusion: “reinventing” Jesuit Science in the Nineteenth Century
	Notes
12 Networks of Knowledge in the Indo-Pacific, 1600–1800
	The Indo-Pacific: Lessons to Be Learned for Historians of Science
	Knowledge Networks in the Indo-Pacific: Indo-Pacific:-De-Centred Views
	Local Exchanges and Global Circulation: Cross-Cultural Perspectives
	The History of Indo-Pacific Knowledge Networks: Quo Vadis?
	Notes
13 Between Transimperial Networking and national Antagonism: German Scientists in the British Empire...
	Motives
	Imperial Hierarchies and Multi-Directional Networks
	Colonial Propaganda
	1884 As a Watershed?
	Conclusion
	Notes
14 Iberian Science, Portuguese Empire, and Cultures of Inquiry in Early-Modern Europe
	Defining Iberian Science
	Cultures of Inquiry Across Early-Modern Europe
	Imperial Arrangements and the Location of Expertise
	Colonial Encounters, Imperial Infrastructures, and Investigative Sensibilities
	Notes
15 The Dynamic Trajectory of French Colonialism and Science
	Medicine, Science, and the Colonies
	The Pasteur Institutes and Science in the Colonies
	Conclusion: the Scientific Legacy of Empire
	Notes
16 Another Empire: Science in the Ottoman Lands
	Ottoman Worldmaking: Astral Science, Cartography, and Timekeeping in the Fourteenth to Sixteenth Centuries
	Provincial Contexts of Science in the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries
	Science to Save the Empire: Militarising, Institutionalising, and Objectifying Science
	Conclusion
	Notes
17 The Planting of “colonial” Science in Russian Soil
	Symbiosis of Science and Colonisation
	Practical Science: the Origins of the Imperial Medical Chancellery
	Academic Science: “debarbarising” Russia and the Creation of the academy of Sciences
	Master Gardeners and Their Seedlings
	Propagation: the Academy of Sciences and Expeditions
	Science Takes Root and Flowers
	Notes
18 Scientific Knowledge in the Qing Empire: Engaging With the World, 1644–1911
	Science in the Imperial Court
	Outside the Palace
	Medicine
	Conclusion
	Notes
19 Empire, Cultivation, and the Environment in Southeast Asia Since 1500
	Botanic Gardens and the Environment
	Notes
20 Science and Its Publics in British India
	Pandits As Teachers, Translators, and Pupils
	Education and Work: Science As An Indian Vocation
	Readers and Consumers: Everyday Colonial Publics
	Conclusion
	Notes
21 From History of Science to History of Knowledge?: Themes and Perspectives in Colonial Australasia
	Conclusion
	Notes
22 Empires and Science: The Case of the Sixteenth-Century Iberian Empire
	The Knowledge Empire: Private Initiatives and Knowledge Gathering
	Royal Initiatives and Knowledge Gathering
	Conclusions
	Notes
23 Science in Early north America
	Exploration and Cartography
	Perceptions and Peoples
	Networks
	Conclusion
	Notes
24 Science, the United States, and Latin America
	US Science and Empire in Latin America
	Latin American Science and the Limits of Us Hegemony
	Crossing Borders: Science and Power
	Notes
25 Arctic Science
	Narratives of Discovery, Or Discovering the Narratives
	Cartography and Geographical Surveying
	The First International Polar Year and Beyond
	Looking Beyond the White Explorer
	Notes
26 Science and Decolonisation in Unesco
	Empire and Unesco’s Founders
	Building Science Infrastructures in a Decolonising World
	Conservation, Environmental Science, and Decolonisation
	Inventing Science Policy and Debunking Race Science
	Conclusion
	Notes
27 Decolonising Science and Medicine in Indonesia
	Agitating Against Colonial Medicine: Indonesian Physicians in the dutch East Indies
	The Japanese Occupation and the War of Independence
	Decolonising Science and Medicine in Independent Indonesia
	Indonesian Science in the Global World: Recent Developments
	Conclusion
	Notes
Index