The Oxford Handbook of Latin Palaeography

Cover
The Oxford Handbook of Latin Palaeography
Copyright
Preface and Acknowledgments
Contents
List of Contributors
Introduction1
	Origins
	Developments in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries
	Bibliography
Part I: Script
	I . 1: Organizing Script
		Chapter 1: Punctuation
			Bibliography
		Chapter 2: Abbreviations
			Notes
			Bibliography
		Chapter 3: The Palaeography of Numerals
			The Forms of Numerals
			The Syntax of Numerals
			Bibliographical Survey
			Table of the Different Forms of Numerals Used in the Middle Ages
			Bibliography
	I . 2: Greco-Roman Heritage
		Chapter 4: Old Roman Cursive
			Suggested Reading
			Notes
			Bibliography
		Chapter 5: New Roman Cursive: (IVth–VIIth centuries)
			Suggested Reading
			Notes
			Bibliography
		Chapter 6: Capital Scripts
			Mature Rustic Capitals
			Manuscripts in Square Capitals
			Rustic Capitals in England
			Carolingian Capital Scripts
			Bibliography
			Notes
		Chapter 7: Uncial Script
			Notes
			Bibliography
		Chapter 8: Half-Uncial
			Notes
			Bibliography
		Chapter 9: Greek Script in Latin Manuscripts
			Notes
			Bibliography
	I . 3: Early Medieval Hands
		Chapter 10: Beneventan (South Italian/Langobardic) Script
			The Early Stage
			The Tenth Century
			The Eleventh Century
			The Later Period
			Notes
			Bibliography
		Chapter 11: The Visigothic Script
			Definition
			Names
			Types of Visigothic Script
			Genetic Origin of the Round and Cursive Scripts
			Chronological Origin
			Geographical Origin
			Fixation of Types and Heyday of the Script
			Letterforms and Abbreviations in Visigothic Script at its Peak
				The Visigothic round script
					Letterforms
					Joinings and ligatures
				The Visigothic cursive script
					Letterforms
					Joinings and ligatures
			Abbreviations
			Orthography
			Numerals
			Regional Variations
			The Decline of the Visigothic Script
			Notes
			Bibliography
		Chapter 12: Luxeuil
			Notes
			Bibliography
		Chapter 13: Scripts of Merovingian Gaul
			Laon az Script
			Corbie
			eN Script
			ab Script
			Maurdramnus Script
			b Minuscule
			Notes
			Bibliography
		Chapter 14: St. Gall Scripts
			St. Gall Scripts
			Pre-Caroline Scripts: Rhaetian, Alemannic, and St. Gall Minuscule
			Caroline Scripts
				Early and High St. Gall Caroline
				Tenth and early eleventh centuries
				Late Caroline
			Bibliography
		Chapter 15: Insular Script
			Introduction/Overview
			Development
			Characteristics and Letterforms
			Abbreviations and Ligatures
			Bibliography
	I . 4: Carolingian Minuscule
		Chapter 16: Early Caroline: France and Germany
			Western Francia
				The Court of Charlemagne
				Saint-Denis
				Saint-Germain-des-Prés
				Paris
				Tours
				Saint-Amand
			Eastern Francia
				Metz
				Cambrai
			Mainz
			Trier
			Bavaria and Austria
			Reims
			Lorsch
			Fulda
			Würzburg
			Breton
			Notes
			Bibliography
		Chapter 17: Early Carolingian: Italy
			The Transition to Caroline Script
			The Triumph of Caroline
			Roman Caroline and the Dawn of “Romanesca”
			Documents
			Notes
			Bibliography
		Chapter 18: Late Carolingian: Italy
			1000–1110
			1110–70/1180
			Notes
			Bibliography
		Chapter 19: Tironian Notes
			Note
			Bibliography
	I . 5: Gothic
		Chapter 20: The Nomenclature of Gothic Scripts
			Notes
			Bibliography
		Chapter 21: Gothic Script in France in the Later Middle Ages: (XIIIth–XVth centuries)
			From the Beginning of the thirteenth Century to the Second Quarter of the fourteenth Century
				Littera textualis formata
				Southern littera texualis or littera rotunda
				Remarks on the different forms of littera textualis
			From the Second Quarter of the fourteenth Century to the First Quarter of the fifteenth Century
				The evolution of littera texualis formata
				Littera cursiva formata
				Littera Hybrida
				Research by French humanists on script
			From the Second Quarter of the fifteenth Century to the Beginning of the sixteenth century
				Bastarda script
				Regional diversity
				The printed book
			Notes
			Bibliography
		Chapter 22: The Emergence of Formal Gothic Script in England
			Notes
		Chapter 23: Gothic Script in England C.1300–1500
			Gothic in England 1300–1400
			Gothic in England 1400–1500
			Notes
			Bibliography
		Chapter 24: Gothic Script in Germany
			The Transition from Carolingian to Gothic Script
			Early Gothic Minuscule
			Textura (Textualis Formata)
			Textualis
			Cursive Scripts
			Bastarda
			Fraktur
			Humanist and Italianate Scripts
			Kurrent
			Documentary and Commercial Scripts
			Notes
			Bibliography
		Chapter 25: Gothic Script in Italy
			Notes
			Bibliography
		Chapter 26: Late Gothic: Italy (XIVth–XVIth centuries)
			Suggested Reading
			Notes
			Bibliography
		Chapter 27: Late Gothic Script: The Netherlands
			Textualis
			Cursiva
			Hybrida
			Other Scripts
			Note
			Bibliography
		Chapter 28: Gothic Writing in Bohemia and Moravia
			Notes
			Bibliography
		Chapter 29: Late Medieval Written Culture in the Realm of King St. Stephan: Gothic and later script in Hungary and Slovakia
			Methodological Problems and Summary of Research
			The Beginnings of Gothic Script in the Hungarian Kingdom
			Book Writing: From Early to Late Gothic
			Gothic Script in the Diplomatic Field
			Early Renaissance Written Culture in the Realm of King St. Stephan: Humanistic Script in Hungary and Slovakia
				Book scripts
				Humanistic script in charters
			Notes
			Bibliography
		Chapter 30: Early Printing and Palaeography
			Abbreviations
			Bibliography
	I . 6: Humanist
		Chapter 31: Humanistic Script: Origins
			Suggested Reading
			Notes
			Bibliography
		Chapter 32: Humanistic Script: Italy
			The First Generation in Florence
			The First Experience in the Veneto and in Lombardy
			The Second Half of the Century
			Suggested Reading
			Abbreviations
			Notes
			Bibliography
		Chapter 33: Byzantium and the West
			Petrarch and the Greeks
				Plutarch
				Homer
			Coluccio Salutati and Chrysoloras
			The Early Humanist Translators from the Greek
				Leonardo Bruni
				Guarino Veronese
			Notes
			Bibliography
		Chapter 34: The Waning of Manuscript Production
			The Period of Transition
			Manuscripts at the Margins
			Digital Scriptorium Illustrations
			Notes
			Bibliography
Part II: Material Embodiment and Techniques
	Chapter 35: Stages in Manuscript Production
		The Codex
		Materials
			Writing Surfaces
				Parchment
					History
					Production and Use
				Paper
					History
					Manufacture and Use
				Papyrus (Medieval Uses)
			Inks
			Preparing the Writing Surface for Copying
				Ruling
				Pricking
		Transcription of Texts
			Writing Process
			Colophons and Subscriptions
			Peculiarities
				Imposition
				“Pecia”
				Palimpsests
		Assembling the Book
			Quires
			Folding Formulas
			Signatures, Catchwords, Foliation, and Pagination
				Foliation and Pagination
				Signatures
				Catchwords
			Methods for Sewing Quires
			Scrolls (Medieval Uses)
		Owners and Readers (Material Evidence)
		Abbreviations
		Notes
		Bibliography
	Chapter 36: Stages in Diplomatic Production
		Documentation in the Early Middle Ages
		Bibliography
	Chapter 37: The Mise-En-Page in Western Manuscripts
		Some Examples of mise-en-page
			A Codex of the Fifth Century Modeled on the Ancient Roll
			Reading Aids and Editorial Work in a Manuscript of the Fourteenth Century
			Hierarchy of Scripts and Inks in a Manuscript of the Ninth Century
			An Authoritative Text with Commentary
			Double Page in a Manuscript of the Ninth Century
			Suggested Reading
			Notes
			Bibliography
	Chapter 38: Formats of Books
		“Format” = Size
		“Format” = Proportion
		Material Format
		Working on Undivided Sheets
		Non-Codex “Formats”
		Bibliography
			On size and format
			On imposition
			On tackets
			On rolls
			On folded almanacs
	Chapter 39: The Format Of Documents Olivier Guyotjeannia
		Suggested Reading
		Notes
		Bibliography
	Chapter 40: The Application Of Quantitative Methods To The History Of The Book
		Quantifying Medieval Book Production
		Typographical Composition in the Early Printing Shops
		Thickness of Parchment and the Organization of Quires in a Manuscript Book
		Recipes or Formulas for Calculating the Page Layout in Medieval Manuscripts
		The Rhythms of the Scribe: The Gospels of Henry the Lion
		The Use of a Rake as an Instrument for Rulin
		Notes
		Bibliography
	Chapter 41: Comparative Codicology Malachi Beit-Arle
		Bibliography
	Chapter 42: Pen-Flourished Decoration Alison Stones
		Notes
		Bibliography
Part III: Cultural Setting
	Chapter 43: Orality and Visible Language Paul Saenge
		Bibliography
	Chapter 44: Who Were The Scribes Of Latin Manuscripts?
		Bibliography
	Chapter 45: Book Trade Antiquity and the Early Middle Ages
		Notes
		book trade in the ancient
		Suggested Reading
	Chapter 46: The Book Trade in the middle Ages
		From Monasteries to Universities
		production and sale of books in
		A Tightly Bound Community
		Book Production under the Control of Booksellers
		Notes
		Bibliography
Part IV: Selected Scriptoria and Libraries
	Chapter 47: Scriptoria and Libraries
		The Tradition
		Reading and Writing in Religious Communities
		Spaces and Customs
		Networks of Men and Books in the Carolingian Era
		Renewal
		New Books,New Texts
		New Approaches to Reading
		Directed Acquisitions
		Authority
		Mendicant Orders
		Copying and Circulation
		The Organization of Libraries
		Bibliography
			Handbooks
				Paleography
				Codicology
				History of Book and Libraries
				History of Book and Libraries: Websites (Europe, France and Italy)
				Italy
			Printed Sources
				Manuscripts
				Ancient Libraries
				Texts
			Studies
				Manuscripts and texts
				The Libraries
				History of Script and Reading
	Chapter 48: The Lindisfarne Scriptorium
		Notes
		Bibliography
	Chapter 49: Scriptoria and Libraries of Northern Italy
		Notes
		Bibliography
	Chapter 50: The Library at Monte Cassino
		The Carolingian Age
		The Period of Exile in Capua
		The Golden Age:The Century of Abbots Theobald,Desiderius, and Oderisius I
		The Later Period
		Bibliography
	Chapter 51: The Abbey of St. Gall
		History of St.Gall
		The St.Gall Stiftsbibliothek
		Medieval Learning and Education
		Medieval Liturgy ,Music, and Literature
		Bibliography
	Chapter 52: Book Production in Paris
		Notes
		Suggested Reading
	Chapter 53: The Scriptorium and Library of Salisbury Cathedral
		Notes
		Bibliography
	Chapter 54: Manuscript Production in Florence
		Acknowledgments
		List of Manuscripts
		Bibliograhpy
Part V: Varieties of Book Usage
	Chapter 55: Books Of Hours
		History
		Texts
			Calendar
			Gospel pericopes
			Prayers to the Virgin Mary
			Hours of the Virgin
			Other Hours
			Penitential Psalms and Litany
			Suffrages to Saints
			Office of the Dead
			Psalms and abbreviated Psalters
			Joys of the Virgin
			Devotional sequences
		Iconography
		Penitential Psalms (Usually One of the Following)
		Office of the Dead (Usually One of the Following
		Numbers
		Distribution
		Language
		Formats and scripts
		Methods of Production
		Owners and Makers
		Bibliography
	Chapter 56: Law at Bologna
		Bibliography
	Chapter 57: The Manuscript Miscellany
		Bibliography
			Specific manuscripts
			Other Works
	Chapter 58: Florilegia
		The Question of Terminology
		Historical Outline
		Method of Compiling
		Locating Sources, the Identification of Citations, and the Editing of Anthologies
		Notes
		Bibliography
	Chapter 59: Theological Texts
	Chapter 60: Text and Gloss
		Interlinear GlosseslClarifying the Meaning of the Word
		Marginal Glosses: Explaining the Organization and the Meaning of the Text
		Catena Commentaries: Becoming the Text
		Observations on Layout
		Notes
		Bibliography
	Chapter 61: Anglo-Saxon Glosses and Grammars
		Glosses
		Grammar
		Bibliography
	Chapter 62: The History of Manuscripts Since 1500
		Introduction
		From Medieval Institution to Private Collectors
		The Rise of Princely Libraries
		unique for the number and variety
		Secularization and Revolution
		Collectors in the Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Centuries
		Old Hazards and New Technologies
		Notes
		Bibliography
	Chapter 63: Cataloguing Medieval Manuscripts
		Introduction
		Template for a Description of a Codex
			63.2.1 Heading
				63.2.1.1 Date(s) of the cataloguer’s work with the manuscript
				63.2.1.2 Shelf Mark (Class Mark; Call Number)
				63.2.1.3 Tombstone Title
				63.2.1.4 Place of Origin
				63.2.1.5 Date of Origin
				63.2.1.6 Notes
			63.2.2 Intellectual Content
				63.2.2.1 Span of Folios
				63.2.2.2 Rubric
				63.2.2.3 Incipit
				63.2.2.4 Explicit
				63.2.2.5 Colophon
				63.2.2.6 Author
				63.2.2.7 Title
				63.2.2.8 Overview
				63.2.2.9 Bibliography Relevant to Text
				63.2.2.10 Acknowledgments
			63.2.3 Physical Description
				63.2.3.1Support
				63.2.3.2 Number of Leaves in Codex
				63.2.3.3 Measurements In Millimeters
					63.2.3.3.1 Book Block
					63.2.3.3.2 Text Block
				63.2.3.4 Collation
					63.2.3.4.1 Quire Signatures
					63.2.3.4.2 Leaf Signatures
					63.2.3.4.3 Catchwords
				63.2.3.5 Layout
				63.2.3.6 Script
					63.2.3.6.1 Alphabet
				63.2.3.7 Scribe(s)
				63.2.3.8 Musical Notation
				63.2.3.9 Decoratio
					63.2.3.9.1 artist(s) or style(s)
					63.2.3.9.2 miniatures
					63.2.3.9.3 border
					63.2.3.9.4 historiated initials
					63.2.3.9.5 painted initials
					63.2.3.9.6 penflourished initials
				63.2.3.10 Evidence of Reader(s)
				63.2.3.11 Accompanying Material
				63.2.3.12 Binding
				63.2.3.13 Acknowledgments
				63.2.3.14 Condition
			63.2.4 History of the Codex
				63.2.4.1 Origin
				63.2.4.2 Provenance
				63.2.4.3 Former Shelf Marks
				63.2.4.4 Secundo Folio
			63.2.5 Other
				63.2.5.1 Bibliography Relevant to Manuscript
				63.2.5.2 Acknowledgments
				63.2.5.3 Available Reproductions
				63.2.5.4 Images
				63.2.5.5 Administrative Information
		Notes
		Bibliography
List of Permissions
Index of Manuscripts
General Index