The Importance of Wood and Timber in Sustainable Buildings (Innovative Renewable Energy)

Introduction
Contents
About the Authors
Chapter 1: Bamboo: The Forgotten Versatile Materials
	1.1 Introduction
	1.2 Bamboo as Building Materials
		Advantages
		Disadvantages
		Bamboo Treatment and Preservation
		Potential of Usages
	1.3 Bamboo in Vernacular Architecture
		The Bayan Beleq Mosque, Lombok, Indonesia
		Structure System
		Other Building Components of the Mosque
	1.4 Bamboo Usage in Modern Buildings
		Bamboo Sports Hall, Panyaden International School, Thailand
			Structure Stability
		Bamboo Veil House, Vietnam
		Malaysia Bamboo Pavilion, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
	1.5 Strategies for Bamboo Usage
	1.6 Conclusion
	References
Chapter 2: The Role of Wood in Current Sustainable Building in Thailand as Architectural Ornaments
	2.1 Introduction
		Background of the Topic
	2.2 Objective
	2.3 Scope
	2.4 Methodology
		Sampling Design and Data Collection
		Measurements
		Results Discussion
	2.5 Conclusion
	References
Chapter 3: Wood Handicraft in the Traditional Architecture of Yemen: Current Dangers and Sustainability Issues
	3.1 Introduction
	3.2 Background
		Classifications of the Traditional Wood Uses
		Wood in General
		Traditional Woodworking
		Woodworking at the Present Time
		Yemen’s Geographical Landforms and Climates
		Social Life in Yemen
	3.3 Vernacular Architecture
		Urban Fabric of the Old City
		Compliance with Conventional Standards
		Environmental Factors
		Building Materials
			The Traditional Tower House
		Campaign for the Preservation of the Old Cities
	3.4 Analysis of Traditional Wood Systems
		Roof Structure
		Intermediate Floors Structure
		Staircase Structure
		Traditional Bathrooms and Duct Space Structure
		Bridges Connecting Tower Houses
		Reinforcing Material
		Windows
		Doors/Gates
		Wooden Squared Encasings (Mosandaqat)
	3.5 Threats and Challenges
		Threats of Losing Many Historical Sites and Buildings
			The War and the Destruction of Treasured Historical Sites
			Damages Caused by Heavy Rains
		Threats to the Wood Handicraft
			War Threats on the Economy and the Traditional Wood Handicraft
			Threats Caused by the Destruction of the Power Outages
			Threats Caused by the Imported Cheap Wood
			Threats Caused by the Ready-Made Products
			Threats Caused by Change of People’s Taste and Availability of Ready-to-Use Templates
	3.6 Can We Solve the Problem?
		General Proposed Framework for Sustainability
	3.7 Epilogue
	Appendix A: UNESCO World Heritage Committee Report
	References
Chapter 4: Timber as a Sustainable Building Material from Old to Contemporary Experiences: Review and Assessment of Global and Egypt’s Examples
	4.1 Introduction
		Acoustical Role of Timber
		Lessons and Features Learned from the Literature
		Why Timber Buildings Are Vital in Mitigating Climate Change Impacts?
	4.2 Objectives
	4.3 Methodology
	4.4 Benefits of Wood as a Sustainable Material
	4.5 Timber as New and Sustainable Material for Skyscrapers
	4.6 Sustainable Contemporary Global Examples
		Sustainable Wood in the Alpine Shelter (Monte Rosa Hütte), Alps
			Usage of Wooden Materials/Challenges of Wood Usage
			Assessment of Sustainable Usage
		Mega Wood Waffles in the Metropol Parasol in Seville, Spain
			Usage of Wooden Materials
			Assessment of Sustainable Usage
		Recycled Wood in the Allele Aviles Mula Watteau Resort in Bali, Indonesia
			Usage of Wooden Materials
			Assessment of Sustainable Usage
	4.7 Old Examples of Wooden Buildings in Egypt
		Khedivial Opera House in Cairo
			Usage of Wooden Materials
			Assessment of Usage
		Old Wooden Verandas and Timber Buildings in Port Said
			Usage of Wooden Materials
			Assessment of Usage
	4.8 Comparative Analysis of Examined Case Studies
	4.9 Conclusions
	References
Chapter 5: Green Building Issues Using Wood and Timber in Buildings in the Arabian Gulf Countries
	5.1 Introduction
	5.2 Design for Climate
	5.3 Timber and Wood Sustain and Comfort Internal Spaces of Buildings
		Increase Energy Efficient
		Application Benefits
		Sustainability
	5.4 Wood Working
		Wood in Construction
		Market Forces
		Procurement Issues
	5.5 Conclusion
	References
		Further Reading
Chapter 6: Wood Building in Portugal
	6.1 Against Wood
		The Forest
		Climate
		Culture
		The Portuguese Architectural-Constructive Way
		Lack of Incentives and Initiative
	6.2 In Favor of Wood
		Emergence of Sustainability
		Evolution of Construction Products
		European Codes
		New Architectural Visions
		Policies
	6.3 Why Don’t We Build in Wood?
	6.4 Conclusion
	References
Chapter 7: Sustainable Wooden Construction of Traditional Houses in Moderate Humid Climate of North Iran
	7.1 Introduction
	7.2 The Role of Wood Material in the Studied Geography
	7.3 Traditional House Types
		Plain Area
		Foothill Area
	7.4 Wooden Building Members
		Structure
			Wooden Foundations
			Wooden Skeleton
		Walls
		Roofs
		Ornaments
	7.5 Conclusion
	References
Chapter 8: Multiple Scales Insight into Using Timber for a Sustainable and Future Approach to Buildings
	8.1 Trees as a Sustainable Resource
	8.2 Timber Properties as Construction Materials
	8.3 Cultural Practices to Use of Timber for Building in Different Time Periods
	8.4 Relevant Case Studies of Recently Raised Buildings
	8.5 Future Approach to Sustainable Buildings
	References
Chapter 9: Laminated Timber Buildings: An Overview of Environmental Impacts
	9.1 Introduction
	9.2 Forests and Deforestation
	9.3 Timber in Buildings, Benefits, and Limitations
		Carbon
		Mechanical Properties and Strength
		Thermal Resistance and Heat Capacity
	9.4 Environmental Life Cycle Impacts
	9.5 Conclusion
	References
Chapter 10: One Floor at a Time: Cross-Laminating a Sustainable Future for Mass Timber in North America
	10.1 Introduction
		Rings of Time
		Patterns of Growth: Direction, Strength, and the Ways of Nature
		Ingredients in the Alphabet Soup for the Mass Timber Soul
		Organic Paths of Resistance: Structural Strength, Directionality, and Grain
	10.2 Sustainability and Performance
		Introduction
		Production
		Construction and Operation
		Recycling and Demolition
	10.3 Case Studies
		Introduction
		Sustainable Features: Timber as a Structural Element
		Case Study Conclusion
		Carbon Footprint Graphic
		Additional Information: Sustainability Features: Energy
		Sustainability Features: Water
		Sustainability Features: Heating And Air
		Introduction
		Prefabrication and Timber Construction
		Challenging Future Concerns
		Case Study Conclusion
		Carbon Footprint Graphic
		Introduction
		Types of Wood Used
		Environmental Sensitivity
		Case Study Conclusion
		Carbon Benefits Graphic
		Introduction
		Hybrid Timber Elements
		Comparative Benefits of CLT
		Case Study Conclusion
		Carbon Benefits Graphic
	10.4 Conclusion
	References
Chapter 11: Time and Nature for Responsive Wood Architecture. Two Projects of Schools’ Buildings for Temporary and Adaptive Solutions
	11.1 Introduction
	11.2 The Concept of Green School: Wood as Environmental Friendly Material
		The Wood Structure of Hexagonal Module as Cell of the Building Organism
		The Application of Wood as Eco-Logical Material for Resilience and Indoor Comfort
			Energy and Environmental Well-Being and Sustainability
			Safety and Attention to Seismic Risk
			The Positive LCA
	11.3 The Concept of Temporary Wood Pavilion: Multifunctional Expansion of External School Space
		Technical and Functional Characteristics
		Modularity and Flexibility
	11.4 Considerations and Results: Next Challenge and Future Trend
	Bibliography
Index