The Barcelona School of Ecological Economics and Political Ecology

Prefaces
	A Grateful Appreciation of Joan Martinez-Alier
	Memories Concerning the Career of Joan Martinez-Alier
	Conversations with a Catalan Polymath
	Joan Martinez-Alier and the Crisis of Civilization, Knowledge, and the Human Species
	References
Contents
Part I: Introduction
	Chapter 1: Justification and Scope of the Book
	Chapter 2: A Barcelona School of Ecological Economics and Political Ecology
		2.1 From Ecological Economics to Political Ecology
		References
	Chapter 3: The Barcelona School of Ecological Economics and Political Ecology: Building Bridges Between Moving Shores
		3.1 Introduction: The Bonding Elements of the Barcelona School
		3.2 Epistemological Foundations Inspiring Cross-Fertilization
			3.2.1 Ecological Economics as a Place of Convergence and Host of Diversity
			3.2.2 Post-normal Science and the Search for Other Ways of Knowing
			3.2.3 The Diversity of Languages of Valuation
			3.2.4 Activism Mobilizing Science
		3.3 Building Bridges: Cross-Fertilization Between Ecological Economics and Political Economy
			3.3.1 Ecological Asymmetries, Distributional Conflicts and the Environmental Justice Atlas
			3.3.2 The Transformative Power of Environmental Justice Movements
			3.3.3 The Challenge of Degrowth
		3.4 Final Remarks
		References
Part II: Epistemological Foundations
	Chapter 4: Metaphysical Midwifery and the Living Legacy of Nicholas Georgescu-Roegen
		4.1 Introduction
		4.2 Context
		4.3 Courage
		4.4 Historicity
		4.5 Ontology
		4.6 Conclusions
		References
	Chapter 5: Languages of Valuation
		5.1 Introduction
		5.2 Languages of Valuation
		5.3 Languages of Valuation and the Barcelona School
			5.3.1 The Clash
			5.3.2 Resolving the Clash
		5.4 Conclusions
		References
	Chapter 6: Post-development: From the Critique of Development to a Pluriverse of Alternatives
		6.1 The Conceptualization of (Post-)Development in the Social Sciences, and the Contribution by Joan Martinez Alier
		6.2 A Critique of Sustainable Development and Its False Solutions
		6.3 From the Critique of Development to Transformative Alternatives
		6.4 The Post-development Action-Research Agenda: Towards the Pluriverse
		References
	Chapter 7: Indigenous and Local Knowledge Contributions to Social-Ecological Systems’ Management
		7.1 Introduction
		7.2 Conceptualizations of Nature Embedded in ILK Systems Contribute to Long-Term Maintenance of Complex SES
		7.3 ILK Enhances Our Understanding of Complex SES
		7.4 ILK Articulates Resistance to SES Degradation and SES Restoration
		7.5 Conclusion
		References
	Chapter 8: Degrowth and the Barcelona School
		8.1 Introduction
		8.2 History of Degrowth and the Barcelona School
		8.3 Core Concepts of the Barcelona School Informing Degrowth
		8.4 Shaping Ecological Economics
		References
Part III: Social Metabolism
	Chapter 9: Agrarian Metabolism and Socio-ecological Transitions to Agroecology Landscapes
		9.1 From Land Reform and Agrarian Capitalism to Energy Accounting of Agriculture
		9.2 Growing Up as Historians in the Debates over the Agrarian Question in the 1970s
		9.3 From Agrarian History to the Environmental History of Agroecosystems
		9.4 Advances in the Study of Agrarian Metabolism as a Tool for the New Agroecological Transition
		References
	Chapter 10: Multi-scale Integrated Analysis of Societal and Ecosystem Metabolism
		10.1 Introduction
		10.2 Brief History of MuSIASEM
		10.3 Theoretical Foundation
		10.4 How Does MuSIASEM Work in Practice?
		10.5 Selected Applications of MuSIASEM
		10.6 Concluding Remarks
		References
	Chapter 11: Materials Flow Analysis in Latin America
		11.1 Introduction
		11.2 Social Metabolism: A Short History
		11.3 Characterization of the Literature Analyzed
			11.3.1 Role of the “Barcelona School” in the Dynamics of MFA-LAC Publications
			11.3.2 Countries and Sub-regions Most Studied in the Studies Reviewed
			11.3.3 Periodization and Analytical Implications for Social Metabolism Studies
		11.4 Main Findings on Material Flow Dynamics in Latin American Economies
			11.4.1 On the Aggregate Dynamics of Material Resource Consumption
			11.4.2 On International Trade and Unequal Ecological Exchange
			11.4.3 On Distributive Ecological Conflicts
		11.5 Final Reflections
		Annexures
			Annex (part 1): Triannual Synthesis of the Main Characteristics Found in the 47 Inventoried Articles on MFA-LAC
			Annex (part 2): Triannual Synthesis of the Main Characteristics Found in the 47 Inventoried Articles on MFA-LAC
		References
	Chapter 12: Biophysical Approaches to Food System Analysis in Latin America
		12.1 Introduction
		12.2 Food Sovereignty and Complementarity in Latin America
		12.3 Caloric Unequal Exchange in Latin America
		12.4 Bottom-Up Approaches: Using Household Types to Assess Sustainable Livelihoods
		12.5 Conclusion: The Contribution of the Barcelona School
		References
	Chapter 13: Ecologically Unequal Exchange: The Renewed Interpretation of Latin American Debates by the Barcelona School
		13.1 Introduction
		13.2 Unequal Exchange in Latin American Perspectives
		13.3 The Ecologically Unequal Exchange by the Barcelona School
			13.3.1 Ecological Debt
			13.3.2 Biophysical Studies
		13.4 Conclusion
		References
	Chapter 14: Flow/Fund Theory and Rural Livelihoods
		14.1 Introduction
		14.2 The Flow/Fund Theory and the Tree Metaphor
		14.3 A Dispute over the Identity of the Mountain
		14.4 Final Reflections
		References
	Chapter 15: Deceitful Decoupling: Misconceptions of a Persistent Myth
		15.1 Introduction
		15.2 Different Decoupling Concepts and Accounting Mechanisms
		15.3 Results from Empirical Evidence and Reviews
		15.4 The “Not-So-Circular” Economy and Rebound Effects
		15.5 Discussion and Conclusions
		References
Part IV: Environmental Justice Conflicts and Alternatives
	Chapter 16: Does the Social Metabolism Drive Environmental Conflicts?
		16.1 Introduction
		16.2 More Metabolism, More Conflicts? Theoretical Foundations
		16.3 Further Propositions on the Links Between Social Metabolism and Environmental Conflicts
		16.4 Other ‘Grand Explanations’: Social Metabolism and Neo-Marxist Perspectives
		16.5 Towards a Balanced View in Environmental Conflict Research
		References
	Chapter 17: Critical Mapping for Researching and Acting Upon Environmental Conflicts – The Case of the EJAtlas
		17.1 Introduction
		17.2 Critical Cartography and Environmental Justice
		17.3 The EJAtlas. Origins, Goals, and Methods
			17.3.1 Origins, Motivations, and Scope
			17.3.2 Methodology and Co-production of Knowledge
		17.4 Towards Statistical and Spatial Political Ecologies: Political and Methodological Challenges
			17.4.1 Digging into the Dots: Featured Maps and Multi-layered Analysis
			17.4.2 Dealing with Spatial Reductionism: Combining Conflict Mapping and GIS Data
			17.4.3 Are there Acceptable Limits in Representation and Coverage?
			17.4.4 Conflicts as Complex Processes and Their Temporal Dimension
		17.5 Conclusions
		References
	Chapter 18: The EJAtlas: An Unexpected Pedagogical Tool to Teach and Learn About Environmental Social Sciences
		18.1 Introduction
		18.2 Methods: Exploring Contexts, Experiences, and Users
		18.3 Results
		18.4 Discussion
		18.5 Conclusion
		References
	Chapter 19: Commons Regimes at the Crossroads: Environmental Justice Movements and Commoning
		19.1 Introduction
		19.2 Communalism and Commons: Tangential Parkours
		19.3 The Barcelona School: An Agenda Around the Commons
			19.3.1 Commons Movements
			19.3.2 Crisis, Urban Prosumer Groups, and Local Governments
			19.3.3 Performative Commons, Commoning and Becoming a Commoner
			19.3.4 Commons and Degrowth
		19.4 Conclusion
		References
	Chapter 20: (In)Justice in Urban Greening and Green Gentrification
		20.1 Introduction
		20.2 A Historic Lack of Equitable “Access” to Green Space and Amenities
		20.3 Emerging Concerns Over Green Gentrification
		20.4 Activists vs Green Gentrification
		20.5 Conclusion: Reinserting the Political in Planning for Greener Cities
		References
	Chapter 21: From the Soil to the Soul: Fragments of a Theory of Economic Conflicts
		21.1 Introduction
		21.2 Points of Conflicts Over the Economy: A Longue Durée Perspective
		21.3 Neoliberal Growthism: New Conflicts and New Radical Ideas
		21.4 Triggers and Targets: Outline of a Theory
		21.5 Expanding Consciousness for Radical Change: The Examples of Debt and Degrowth
		21.6 Concluding Remarks
		References
Part V: Science and Self-Reflected Activism
	Chapter 22: Activism Mobilizing Science Revisited
		22.1 What Is Activism Mobilizing Science?
		22.2 Goals of Activism Mobilizing Science
		22.3 Conclusion
		References
	Chapter 23: Iberian Anarchism in Environmental History
		23.1 Introduction
		23.2 Environmental Perspectives from Iberian Anarchism
		23.3 Iberian Anarchism at the Crossroads of Environmental History and Political Ecology
		23.4 Anarchism in the City: Barcelona and the 1936 Revolution
		23.5 Conclusions: Radical Imaginaries from the Past
		References
	Chapter 24: The Barcelona School of Ecological Economics and Social Movements for Alternative Livelihoods
		24.1 Introduction
		24.2 Case Studies
			24.2.1 E.L.
			24.2.2 Kan Pasqual
			24.2.3 Ateneu Popular de Nou Barris
		24.3 Discussion and Conclusions
		References
	Chapter 25: The Ups and Downs of Feminist Activist Research: Positional Reflections
		25.1 Introduction
		25.2 Activist and Feminist Research: Individual Trajectories
			25.2.1 Activist-Research from and in the South
			25.2.2 Activist-Feminist Research on Climate Change: An Epistemological Revolution
			25.2.3 Activist in Academia
			25.2.4 Activist-Researcher from the Global North in the Global South
		25.3 Ups and Downs in the PAR Processes
			25.3.1 The Demands of Neoliberal Positivist Research Versus Activist-Research
			25.3.2 Intersections as Activist-Researchers
		25.4 Final Thoughts
		References
	Chapter 26: From the Environmentalism of the Poor and the Indigenous Toward Decolonial Environmental Justice
		26.1 Our Positionalities
		26.2 New Directions in Environmental Justice Scholarship: Engagement with Decoloniality
		26.3 Indian Adivasi Thinking
		26.4 Resistance to Coloniality In and Around the Arctic
		26.5 Conclusion and Prospects for Further Research
		References
Part VI: Public Policy Applications
	Chapter 27: Agrobiodiversity in Mexican Environmental Policy
		27.1 The Role of Agrobiodiversity in Rural Systems
		27.2 Maize, an Emblematic Case of Agrobiodiversity in Mexico
		27.3 Multi-scalar Policies on Agrobiodiversity Issues
		27.4 Conclusions
		References
	Chapter 28: Conventional Climate Change Economics: A Way to Define the Optimal Policy?
		28.1 Introduction
		28.2 The DICE Model and Its Results
		28.3 Discounting the Future
		28.4 Uncertainty
		28.5 Cost–Benefit Analysis and Commensurability
		28.6 Conclusions
		References
	Chapter 29: Contribution of Global Cities to Climate Change Mitigation Overrated
		29.1 Limited Reach of Urban Policies
		29.2 Lack of Effective Urban Instruments
		29.3 Free Riding and Systemic Effects
		29.4 A Tentative Quantification of Global Emissions Reduction by Urban Policies
		29.5 Concluding Remarks
		References
	Chapter 30: Reconciling Waste Management and Ecological Economics
		30.1 Introduction
		30.2 A Circular Economy: Not Now, and Not Anywhere Soon
		30.3 Sensible Waste Management Strategies
		30.4 Conclusions
		References
	Chapter 31: Work and Needs in a Finite Planet: Reflections from Ecological Economics
		31.1 Ecological Economics and Concrete Utopias
		31.2 The End of Work as We Know It?
		31.3 Reducing Work in the Name of Freedom
		31.4 Work Utopias and Their Limits
		31.5 The Case for Sharing Minimal Necessary Work
		References
	Chapter 32: The Environmentalism of the Paid
		32.1 Introduction
		32.2 The Environmentalism of the Poor
		32.3 Payments for Ecosystem Services: Definition and Scope
		32.4 Payments for Ecosystem Services: Competing Perspectives
		32.5 The Environmentalism of the Paid
		32.6 Conclusion
		References
	Chapter 33: Collective Action in Ecuadorian Amazonia
		33.1 From Ecological Economics to Political Ecology
		33.2 Ecological Economics, Sustainability, and Extractivism
		33.3 Amazonia and the Contributions of the Barcelona School
		33.4 The Yasuní-ITT Initiative
		33.5 Conclusions
		References
Index