The Albanian Bektashi: History and Culture of a Dervish Order in the Balkans

Cover\nContents\nPreface\nChapter 1  The History And Culture Of The Albanian Bektashi\n	Bektashi Beliefs and Hierarchy\n	The Early History of the Bektashi\n	The Spread of the Bektashi to the Balkans\n	The Expansion of the Bektashi in Albania\n	The Communist Dictatorship in Albania\n	The Recovery of the Bektashi in Post-Communist Albania\n	The Current Situation\nChapter 2  Early Reports and Scholarly Articles on the Albanian Bektashi\n	Evliya Çelebi – ‘Notes on the Bektashi,’ 1660–1670\n	Johann Georg von Hahn: – ‘The Fortress of Kanina,’ 1854\n	Monk Zosimas of Athos: – ‘The Bektashi Tekkes of Thessaly,’ 1888\n	Andreas Karkavitsas: – ‘Visions of Thessaly: the Bektashi Tekke,’ 1892\n	Antonio Baldacci: – ‘Albanian Wanderings,’ 1895\n	Naim Frashëri: – ‘The Bektashi Notebook,’ 1896\n	Alexandre Degrand: – ‘The Legend of Sari Saltik,’1901\n	Sir Arthur Evans: – ‘A Pillar Cult at the Shrine of Tekija near Skopje,’ 1901\n	Edith Durham: – ‘A Visit to the Bektashi Tekke of Përmet,’ 1904\n	Theodor Ippen: – ‘A Visit to Kruja,’ 1907\n	Ekrem bey Vlora: – ‘The Bektashi on Mount Tomorr,’ 1907\n	Max Choublier: – ‘The Tekke of Kalkandelen (Tetova),’ 1909\n	Gabriel Louis-Jaray: – ‘A Visit to the Tekke of Baba Ibrahim Xhefai near Elbasan,’ 1909\n	Frederick Hasluck: – ‘The Fourth Religion of Albania,’ 1919\n	Justin Godart: – ‘The Place of the Bektashi among Albanian Religions,’ 1921\n	Margaret Hasluck: – ‘The Nonconformist Moslems of Albania,’ 1925\n	Franz Babinger: – ‘Among the Dervishes of Kruja,’ 1929\n	Dayrell Oakley-Hill: – ‘Up to Mount Tomorr,’ 1929\n	Baba Ali Tomorri: – ‘History of the Bektashi,’ 1929\n	Friedrich Markgraf: – ‘A Botanist on Mount Tomorr,’ 1930\n	Joseph Swire: – ‘Thoughts on the Bektashi,’ 1930\n	Richard Busch-Zantner: – ‘The Bektashi Sect in Albania,’ 1932\n	Richard Busch-Zantner: – ‘The Town of the Forbidden Dervishes,’ 1933\n	John Kingsley Birge: – ‘Bektashiism in Albania,’ 1937\n	Margaret Hasluck: – ‘Baba Tomor,’ 1939\n	Anon.: – ‘The Mokattam Tekke of Cairo,’ 1953\n	Osman Myderrizi: – ‘The Beginnings of Bektashi Literature in Albania,’ 1955\n	Kurt Seliger: – ‘Meeting the Pope of the Bektashi,’ 1957\n	Hans Joachim Kissling: – ‘On the Origins of the Bektashi in Albania,’ 1962\n	Dorothea Russell: – ‘The Bektashi Monastery in Cairo,’ 1962\n	Jules Leroy: – ‘A Visit to the Tekke of the Bektashis in Cairo,’ 1963\n	Georg Stadtmüller: – ‘The Bektashi Dervish Order in Albania,’ 1971\n	Frances Trix: – ‘The Ashura Lament of Baba Rexheb,’ 1995\n	Nathalie Clayer: – ‘Bektashism and Albanian Nationalism,’ 1995\n	Nathalie Clayer: – ‘The Sacred Haunts of the Albanian Bektashi,’ 1996\n	Machiel Kiel: – ‘Durbali Sultan Resurrected?,’ 2009\nChapter 3  The Tekkes and Shrines of the Albanian Bektashi\n	Tekkes and Shrines in Albania\n	Map of Albania (showing cities and towns with tekkes)\n		Alipostivan (Përmet, Albania): the tekke of Baba Abdullah\n		Aranitas (Mallakastra, Albania): the dervishia of Aranitas\n		Backa (Skrapar, Albania): the tekke of Baba Fetah\n		Bënça (Tepelena, Albania): the dervishia of Bënça\n		Berat (Berat, Albania): the tekke of Baba Ali\n		Bllaca (Dibra, Albania): the tekke of Jusuf Baba\n		Borsh (Saranda, Albania): the tekke of Baba Xhafer\n		Brerima (Skrapar, Albania): the tekke of Baba Xhafer\n		Bubës i Parë (Përmet, Albania): the tekke of Baba Jemin\n		Bubës i Sipërm (Përmet, Albania): the tekke of Baba Ali\n		Bulqiza (Bulqiza, Albania): the tekke of Bulqiza\n		Cakran (Fier, Albania): the tekke of Cakran\n		Çerrica (Skrapar, Albania): the tekke of Çerrica\n		Çorrush (Mallakastra, Albania): the dervishia of Çorrush\n		Delvina (Delvina, Albania): the dervishia of Beqir Efendi\n		Drisht (Shkodra, Albania): the tyrbe of Baba Kamber\n		Drizar (Mallakastra, Albania): the tekke of Baba Xhelal\n		Dukaj (Tepelena, Albania): the tekke of Dukaj\n		Dushk (Gramsh, Albania): the tekke of Baba Ahmet\n		Elbasan (Elbasan, Albania): the tekke of Ibrahim Xhefai Baba\n		Elbasan (Elbasan, Albania): the tekke of Baba Ali Horasani\n		Elbasan (Elbasan, Albania): the tekke of Baba Hamit\n		Frashër (Përmet, Albania): the tekke of Baba Tahir Nasibi\n		Fratar (Mallakastra, Albania): the dervishia of Fratar\n		Fushë Kruja (Kruja, Albania): the tekke of Shemimi Baba\n		Gjirokastra (Gjirokastra, Albania): the Gravel tekke of Asim Baba\n		Gjirokastra (Gjirokastra, Albania): the Hajdërije tekke of Baba Sulejman\n		Gjirokastra (Gjirokastra, Albania): the tekke of Baba Zejnel\n		Gjonëm/Gjorm (Kurbin, Albania): the tekke of Hajdar Baba\n		Gjorm (Vlora, Albania): the tekke of Gjorm\n		Gllava (Tepelena, Albania): the tekke of Ismail Baba\n		Golimbas (Vlora, Albania): the tekke of Haxhi Baba Mehmet Aliu\n		Gorisht (Vlora, Albania): the tekke of Gorisht\n		Greshica (Mallakastra, Albania): the tekke of Baba Husejn\n		Gumen (Përmet, Albania): the tekke of Baba Husejn\n		Hekal (Mallakastra, Albania): the tekke of Hekal\n		Kanina (Vlora, Albania): the tekke of Sinan Pasha\n		Kapaj (Mallakastra, Albania): the tekke of Baba Ismail\n		Këlcyra (Përmet, Albania): the tekke of Hasan Dede\n		Kiçok (Tepelena, Albania): the tekke of Baba Kamber\n		Komar (Tepelena, Albania): the tekke of Baba Islam\n		Koshtan (Tepelena, Albania): the tekke of Baba Sadik\n		Kosina (Përmet, Albania): the dervishia of Kosina\n		Kostrec (Përmet, Albania): the tekke of Kostrec\n		Krahës (Tepelena, Albania): the tekke of Baba Husejn\n		Kremenar (Mallakastra, Albania): the tekke of Baba Hasan\n		Kreshova (Kolonja, Albania): the tekke of Baba Hasan\n		Kruja (Kruja, Albania): the tekke of Baba Hamza\n		Kruja (Kruja, Albania): the tekke of Haxhi Jahja Baba\n		Kruja (Kruja, Albania): the tyrbe of Mustafa Dollma\n		Kruja (Kruja, Albania): the tyrbe of Zemzi Baba\n		Kruja, Mount (Kruja, Albania): the tyrbe of Sari Saltik\n		Kuç (Devoll, Albania): the tekke of Baba Kasem\n		Kuç (Skrapar, Albania): the tekke of Kuç\n		Kuta (Mallakastra, Albania): the tekke of Baba Rifat\n		Lavdar (Skrapar, Albania): the tekke of Lavdar\n		Leskovik (Përmet, Albania): the tekke of Baba Abedin\n		Lushnja (Lushnja, Albania): the tyrbe of Baba Skënder\n		Luz i madh (Kavaja, Albania): the tekke of Baba Sako\n		Maricaj (Tepelena, Albania): the tekke of Baba Musa\n		Martanesh (Bulqiza, Albania): the tekke of Balim Sultan\n		Martanesh (Bulqiza, Albania): the tekke of Haxhi Hysen Baba\n		Matohasanaj (Tepelena, Albania): the tekke of Baba Salih\n		Mazreka (Korça, Albania): the tekke of Mazreka\n		Mbyet (Fier, Albania): the tekke of Baba Ali Horasani\n		Melan (Gjirokastra, Albania): the tekke of Baba Ali\n		Melçan (Korça, Albania): the tekke of Baba Hysen\n		Memaliaj (Tepelena, Albania): the tekke of Memaliaj\n		Ngrançija (Mallakastra, Albania): the tekke of Ngrançija\n		Osmënzeza (Berat, Albania): the tekke of Baba Iljaz\n		Pacomit (Përmet, Albania): the tekke of Pacomit\n		Përmet (Përmet, Albania): the tekke of Baba Bektash\n		Përmet (Përmet, Albania): the tekke of Baba Ali\n		Përmet (Përmet, Albania): the tekke of Baba Zenel\n		Petran (Përmet, Albania): the tekke of Petran\n		Picar (Gjirokastra, Albania): the dervishia of Baba Hasan\n		Plasa (Korça, Albania): the tyrbe of Plasa\n		Plashnik (Berat, Albania): the tekke of Baba Muharrem\n		Podgoran (Përmet, Albania): the tekke of Podgoran\n		Polena (Korça, Albania): the tekke of Baba Ismail\n		Prishta (Skrapar, Albania): the tekke of Baba Tahir\n		Progonat (Tepelena, Albania): the tekke of Progonat\n		Pulaha (Korça, Albania): the tyrbe of Pulaha\n		Qatrom (Korça, Albania): the tekke of Beqir Efendi\n		Qesaraka (Kolonja, Albania): the tekke of Haxhi Baba Horasani\n		Qesarat (Tepelena, Albania): the tyrbe of Qesarat\n		Rabija (Tepelena, Albania): the tekke of Baba Selman\n		Rodenj (Përmet, Albania): the tyrbe of Rodenj\n		Rozeç (Tepelena, Albania): the dervishia of Rozeç\n		Sanjollas (Kolonja, Albania): the tekke of Baba Sulejman\n		Saranda (Saranda, Albania): the tekke of Dede Reshat Bardhi\n		Shëmbërdhenj (Gramsh, Albania): the tekke of Baba Mustafa\n		Shkoza (Vlora, Albania): the tekke of Shkoza\n		Shullaz (Kurbin, Albania): the tekke of Baba Isak\n		Smokthina (Vlora, Albania): the tekke of Smokthina\n		Starja (Kolonja, Albania): the tekke of Baba Husejn\n		Straficka (Skrapar, Albania): the tekke of Baba Meleq\n		Suka (Përmet, Albania): the tekke of Baba Tahir\n		Tepelena (Tepelena, Albania): the tekke of Demir Han\n		Therepel (Skrapar, Albania): the tekke of Baba Behlul\n		Tirana (Tirana, Albania): the Kryegjyshata\n		Tomorr, Mount (Berat, Albania): the tekke of Kulmak\n		Turan (Korça, Albania): the tekke of Baba Salih Elbasani\n		Turan (Tepelena, Albania): the tekke of Baba Ali\n		Velabisht (Berat, Albania): the tekke of Baba Kamber\n		Veliqot (Tepelena, Albania): the tekke of Baba Hysen\n		Vloçisht (Korça, Albania): the tekke of Vloçisht\n		Vlora (Vlora, Albania): the tekke of Kusum Baba\n		Vokopola (Berat, Albania): the tekke of Baba Tahir\n		Vrëpska (Korça, Albania): the tekke of Vrëpska\n		Zërqan (Bulqiza, Albania): the tyrbe of Baba Hysen\n		Zhepova (Përmet, Albania): the tyrbe of Zhepova\n	Tekkes and Shrines in Kosovo\n	Map of Kosovo\n		Gjakova (Gjakova, Kosovo): the tekke of Shemseddin Baba\n		Kaçanik (Kaçanik, Kosovo): the tekke of Kaçanik\n		Mitrovica (Mitrovica, Kosovo): the tekke of Mustafa Baba\n		Peja (Peja, Kosovo): the tekke of Peja\n		Prizren (Prizren, Kosovo): the tekke of Baba Adem\n	Tekkes and Shrines in the Republic of Macedonia\n	Map of Republic of Macedonia\n		Kanatlar (Prilep, Macedonia): the tekke of Dikmen Baba\n		Kërçova, (Kërçova, Macedonia): the tekke of Hidër Baba\n		Makedonski Brod (Makedonski Brod, Macedonia): tyrbe of Hidër Baba\n		Poroj (Tetova, Macedonia): the tekke of Jarar Baba\n		Saint Naum (Ohrid, Macedonia): the Monastery of Saint Naum\n		Shipkovica (Tetova, Macedonia): the tekke of Kojun Baba\n		Skopje (Skopje, Macedonia): the tekkes of Mustafa Baba, Sulejman Baba and Axhem Zade Hasan Efendi\n		Tekija (Ilinden, Macedonia): the tekke of Ahmet Karadja\n		Tetova (Tetova, Macedonia): the Harabati tekke\n		Veles (Veles, Macedonia): the tekke of Haxhi Baba\n		Vërtok (Gostivar, Macedonia): the tekke of Baba Xhafer\n	Tekkes and Shrines in Greece\n		Corfu (Epirus, Greece): the Church of Saint Spyridon\n		Didymóteichon (Eastern Macedonia and Thrace, Greece): the tekke of Seyyid Ali Sultan\n		Elassona (Thessaly, Greece): the tekke of Salih Baba\n		Farsala (Thessaly, Greece): the tekke of Durballi Sultan\n		Heraklion (Crete, Greece): the tekke of Ali Dede Horasani\n		Juma (West Macedonia, Greece): the tekke of Piri Baba\n		Kastoria (West Macedonia, Greece): the tekke of Kasem Baba\n		Katerini (Central Macedonia, Greece): the tekke of Abdullah Baba\n		Konitsa (Epirus, Greece): the tekke of Hysejn Baba\n		Odra (Western Macedonia, Greece): the tekke of Emine Baba\n		Vodhorina (Western Macedonia, Greece): the tekke of Emine Baba\n	Tekkes and Shrines in Other Countries\n		Hacıbektaşköy (central Anatolia, Turkey): the pir evi of Hacı Bektaş Veli\n		Cairo (Egypt): the Mokattam tekke\n		Taylor (Detroit, Michigan, United States):\rthe First Albanian Bektashi tekke in America\nChapter 4 Noted Historical And Legendary Figures Of The Albanian Baktashi\n	Abaz Hilmi, Dede Baba (1887–1947)\n	Abbas Ali\n	Abdullah Baba of Melçan (1786–1857 (–1853?))\n	Abedin Baba of Leskovik\n	Adem Baba of Prizren (d. 1894)\n	Adem Vexh-hi Baba of Gjakova (1841–1927)\n	Ahmet Baba of Prishta (d. 1902)\n	Ahmet Baba of Turan (1854–1928)\n	Ahmet Karadja\n	Ahmet Myftari, Dede Baba (1916–1980)\n	Ahmet Sirri Baba of Mokattam (1895–1963)\n	Ali Baba of Berat\n	Ali Baba of Tomorr (1900–1948)\n	Ali Baba Horasani of Fushë Kruja (d. 1562)\n	Ali Haqi Baba of Gjirokastra (1827–1907)\n	Ali Riza of Elbasan, Dede Baba (1876–1944)\n	Alush Baba of Frashër (c. 1816–1896)\n	Arshi Baba of Durballi Sultan (1906–2015)\n	Arshi Baba of Gjirokastra (d. 1621)\n	Asim Baba of Gjirokastra (d. 1796)\n	Balim Sultan of Dimetoka (1457–1517)\n	Edmond Brahimaj, Dede Baba (b. 1959)\n	Faja Martaneshi Baba (1910–1947)\n	Fetah Baba of Backa\n	Hajdar Hatemi Baba of Gjonëm (early nineteenth century)\n	Hajdër Baba of Kardhiq (d. 1904)\n	Haji Bektash (1248–1337)\n	Hasan Dede of Përmet\n	Haxhi Baba Horasani of Përmet (d. 1620)\n	Haxhi Baba of Fushë Kruja\n	Hidër Baba of Makedonski Brod\n	Hysen Baba of Melçan (d. 1914)\n	Hysen Kukeli Baba of Fushë Kruja (1822–1893)\n	Ibrahim Baba of Qesaraka (d. 1930)\n	Ibrahim Xhefai Baba of Elbasan (d. 1829)\n	Iljaz Vërzhezha, Dervish (d. 1923)\n	Kamber Ali, Dede Baba (1869–1950)\n	Kasem Baba of Kastoria (late fifteenth century)\n	Kusum Baba of Vlora\n	Lutfi Baba of Mokattam (1849–1942)\n	Mehmet Baba of Fushë Kruja (1882–1934)\n	Meleq Shëmbërdhenji Baba (1842–1918)\n	Muharrem Baba of Frashër (early nineteenth century)\n	Muharrem Mahzuni Baba of Durballi Sultan (d. 1867)\n	Myrteza Baba of Fushë Kruja (1912–1947)\n	Qazim Baba of Elbasan (1891–1962)\n	Qazim Baba of Gjakova (1895–1981)\n	Qamil Baba of Gllava (d. 1946)\n	Reshat Bardhi, Dede Baba (1935–2011)\n	Rexheb Baba of Gjirokastra (1901–1995)\n	Salih Baba of Matohasanaj (nineteenth to twentieth centuries)\n	Salih Nijazi, Dede Baba (1876–1941)\n	Sari Saltik\n	Seit Baba of Durballi Sultan (d. 1973)\n	Selim Kaliçani Baba of Martanesh (1922–2001)\n	Selim Ruhi Baba of Gjirokastra (1869–1944)\n	Selman Xhemali Baba of Elbasan (d. 1949)\n	Sersem Ali Baba of Tetova (d. 1569)\n	Shemimi Baba of Fushë Kruja (1748–1803)\n	Sulejman Baba of Gjirokastra (d. 1934)\n	Tahir Baba Nasibi of Frashër (d. 1835)\n	Tahir Baba of Prishta (nineteenth century)\n	Xhafer Sadiku, Dede Baba (1874–1945)\nGlossary Of Terms\nNotes\nBibliography\nIndex