Sport Nutrition

Chapter 1. Nutrients and Recommended Intakes            Function of Nutrients            Carbohydrate            Fat            Protein            Water            Alcohol            Vitamins, Minerals, and Trace Elements            Phytonutrients            Recommended Intakes of Nutrients            Development of Recommended Intakes            Current Recommended Intakes            Analyzing Dietary Intake     Chapter 2. Healthy Eating            Health Effects of Consuming Excess Amounts of Nutrients            Practical Guidelines for a Balanced, Healthy Diet            Recommendations for a Healthy Diet and Lifestyle            Nutrition Facts Labels            Nutrient Content and Health Claims on Food Packaging            Processed Food and Additives            Fat Substitutes     Chapter 3. Fuel Sources for Muscle and Exercise Metabolism            Subcellular Skeletal Muscle Structure            Force Generation in Skeletal Muscle            Fiber Types            Energy for Muscle Force Generation            Fuel Stores in Skeletal Muscle            Regulation of Energy Metabolism            Metabolic Responses to Exercise            Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise Training     Chapter 4. Energy            Energetic Efficiency            Measuring the Energy Content of Food            Measuring Energy Expenditure            Components of Energy Expenditure            Energy Balance     Chapter 5. Gastric Emptying, Digestion, and Absorption            Anatomy of the Gastrointestinal Tract            Regulation of the Gastrointestinal Tract            Digestion            Absorption            Gut Microbiota            Regulation of Gastric Emptying            Gastrointestinal Problems During and After Exercise     Chapter 6. Carbohydrate            History            Role of Carbohydrate            Recommendations for Carbohydrate Intake            Carbohydrate Intake in the Days Before Competition            Carbohydrate Intake in the Hours Before Exercise            Carbohydrate Intake 30 to 60 Minutes Before Exercise            Carbohydrate Intake During Exercise            Carbohydrate Intake After Exercise     Chapter 7. Fat            Fat Metabolism During Exercise            Limits to Fat Oxidation            Fat as a Fuel During Exercise            Regulation of Carbohydrate and Fat Metabolism            Fat Supplementation and Exercise            Effects of Diet on Fat Metabolism and Performance     Chapter 8. Protein and Amino Acids            Amino Acids            Techniques to Study Protein and Amino Acid Metabolism            Protein Requirements for Exercise            Training and Protein Metabolism            Effect of Protein Intake on Protein Synthesis            Amino Acids as Ergogenic Aids            Protein Intake and Health Risks     Chapter 9. Water Requirements and Fluid Balance            Thermoregulation and Exercise in the Heat            Effects of Dehydration on Exercise Performance            Mechanisms of Heat Illness            Effects of Fluid Intake on Exercise Performance            Daily Water Balance            Fluid Requirements for Athletes     Chapter 10. Vitamins and Minerals            Water-Soluble and Fat-Soluble Vitamins            Recommended Intakes of Vitamins            Recommended Intakes of Vitamins for Athletes            Macrominerals and Microminerals            Recommended Intakes of Minerals            Critical Micronutrient Functions            Assessing Micronutrient Status            Exercise and Micronutrient Requirements            Ergogenic Effect of Micronutrient Supplementation            Summary of Recommendations for Micronutrient Intake in Athletes     Chapter 11. Nutrition Supplements            Relative Importance of Supplements to a Normal Diet            Nonregulation of Nutrition Supplements            Critical Evaluation of Nutrition Supplements Studies            Androstenedione            Bee Pollen            Beetroot Juice            Beta Alanine and Carnosine            Beta-Hydroxy Beta-Methylbutyrate            Boron            Caffeine            Carnitine            Cherry Juice            Choline            Chromium            Coenzyme Q10            Creatine            Dehydroepiandrosterone            Fish Oil and Omega-3 Fatty Acids            Ginseng            Glandulars            Glycerol            Green Tea            Inosine            Ketone Salts            Lactate Salts and Polylactate            Lecithin            Medium-Chain Triacylglycerol            Pangamic Acid            Phosphatidylserine            Phosphorus and Phosphate Salts            Polyphenols            Pyruvate and Dihydroxyacetone            Sodium Bicarbonate            Sodium Citrate            Sodium Nitrate            Vanadium            Wheat Germ Oil            Additive Effects of Combining Different Supplements            Contamination of Nutrition Supplements     Chapter 12. Nutrition and Training Adaptations            Training Adaptations            Signal Transduction Pathways            Starting a Signaling Cascade            Secondary Signals            Nutrition and Effects on Training Adaptations            Overreaching and the Overtraining Syndrome            Nutrition and Effects on Sleep            Nutrition and Effects on Rehabilitation     Chapter 13. Nutrition and Immune Function in Athletes            Functions of the Immune System and Its Cellular Components            General Mechanism of the Immune Response            Causes of Illness in Athletes            Effects of Exercise on the Immune System            Nutritional Manipulations to Decrease Immunodepression in Athletes            Conclusions and Recommendations     Chapter 14. Body Composition            Optimal Body Weight and Composition            Body Composition Models            Normal Ranges of Body Weight and Body Fat            Body Composition Measurement Techniques     Chapter 15. Weight Management            Genetics            Energy and Macronutrient Intake            Regulation of Appetite            Effect of Exercise on Appetite            Physical Activity and Energy Expenditure            Dietary Weight-Loss Methods            Exercise for Weight Loss            Decreased Resting Metabolic Rate With Weight Loss            Weight Cycling            Gender Differences in Weight Loss            Practicalities of Weight Loss for Athletes            Weight Gain     Chapter 16. Eating Disorders in Athletes            Types of Eating Disorders            Prevalence of Eating Disorders in Athletes            Effects of Eating Disorders on Sports Performance            Effects of Eating Disorders on Health            Treatment and Prevention of Eating Disorders     Chapter 17. Personalized Nutrition            Genetic Influences            Turning Science Into Practice            Specific Populations            Nutrition Application in Different Sport Situations and Populations     Appendix A. Key Concepts in Biological Chemistry Relevant to        Sport Nutrition     Appendix B. Unit Conversion Tables     Appendix C. Recommended Daily Allowances for North America     Appendix D. Reference Nutrient Intakes for the United Kingdom     Appendix E. Recommended Dietary Intakes for Australia and New        Zealand