Solar and Stellar Magnetic Activity

Contents......Page 10
Preface......Page 14
1 Introduction: solar features and terminology......Page 18
2.1 Global stellar structure......Page 27
2.2 Convective envelopes: classical concepts......Page 31
2.3 Radiative transfer and diagnostics......Page 36
2.4 Stellar classification and evolution......Page 55
2.5 Convection in stellar envelopes......Page 62
2.6 Acoustic waves in stars......Page 77
2.7 Basal radiative losses......Page 82
2.8 Atmospheric structure not affected by magnetic fields......Page 87
3 Solar differential rotation and meridional flow......Page 90
3.1 Surface rotation and torsional patterns......Page 91
3.2 Meridional and other large-scale flows......Page 94
3.3 Rotation with depth......Page 96
4 Solar magnetic structure......Page 99
4.1 Magnetohydrodynamics in convective envelopes......Page 100
4.2 Concentrations of strong magnetic field......Page 109
4.3 Magnetohydrostatic models......Page 115
4.4 Emergence of magnetic field and convective collapse......Page 122
4.5 Omega loops and toroidal flux bundles......Page 125
4.6 Weak field and the magnetic dichotomy......Page 127
5.1 Active regions......Page 131
5.3 Flux positioning and dynamics on small scales......Page 142
5.4 The plage state......Page 148
5.5 Heat transfer and magnetic concentrations......Page 152
6.1 The solar activity cycle......Page 154
6.2 Large-scale patterns in flux emergence......Page 159
6.3 Distribution of surface magnetic field......Page 171
6.4 Removal of magnetic flux from the photosphere......Page 182
7 The solar dynamo......Page 189
7.1 Mean-field dynamo theory......Page 190
7.2 Conceptual models of the solar cycle......Page 194
7.3 Small-scale magnetic fields......Page 198
7.4 Dynamos in deep convective envelopes......Page 200
8.1 Topology of the solar outer atmosphere......Page 202
8.2 The filament-prominence configuration......Page 213
8.3 Transients......Page 215
8.4 Radiative and magnetic flux densities......Page 225
8.5 Chromospheric modeling......Page 233
8.6 Solar coronal structure......Page 236
8.7 Coronal holes......Page 243
8.8 The chromosphere–corona transition region......Page 245
8.9 The solar wind and the magnetic brake......Page 247
9.2 Stellar magnetic fields......Page 254
9.3 The Mt. Wilson Ca II HK project......Page 258
9.4 Relationships between stellar activity diagnostics......Page 263
9.5 The power-law nature of stellar flux–flux relationships......Page 268
9.6 Stellar coronal structure......Page 274
10 Mechanisms of atmospheric heating......Page 283
11.1 Activity throughout the H–R diagram......Page 294
11.2 Measures of atmospheric activity......Page 298
11.3 Dynamo, rotation rate, and stellar parameters......Page 300
11.4 Activity in stars with shallow convective envelopes......Page 308
11.5 Activity in very cool main-sequence stars......Page 311
11.6 Magnetic activity in T Tauri objects......Page 313
11.7 Long-term variability of stellar activity......Page 316
12.1 Outer-atmospheric imaging......Page 320
12.2 Stellar plages, starspots, and prominences......Page 322
12.3 The extent of stellar coronae......Page 327
12.4 Stellar flares......Page 329
12.5 Direct evidence for stellar winds......Page 331
12.6 Large-scale patterns in surface activity......Page 335
12.7 Stellar differential rotation......Page 336
13.1 The evolution of the stellar moment of inertia......Page 341
13.2 Observed rotational evolution of stars......Page 343
13.3 Magnetic braking and stellar evolution......Page 346
14.1 Tidal interaction and magnetic braking......Page 353
14.2 Properties of active binaries......Page 357
14.3 Types of particularly active stars and binary systems......Page 359
15 Propositions on stellar dynamos......Page 361
Appendix I: Unit conversions......Page 368
Bibliography......Page 370
B......Page 392
C......Page 393
F......Page 394
K......Page 395
M......Page 396
P......Page 397
S......Page 398
Z......Page 401