Software Architecture: 16th European Conference, ECSA 2022, Prague, Czech Republic, September 19–23, 2022, Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Computer Science)

Preface
Organization
Abstract of Keynotes
	Humanizing Software Architecture
	Software Architectures in the Age of Cloud Computing
	Software Sustainability: What it Means for Software Architects and Why Should We Care
	Contents
Components, APIs and Interface Management
Avoiding Excessive Data Exposure Through Microservice APIs
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Excessive Data Exposure in Microservice APIs
	4 Communication Model
		4.1 Formal Model Description
		4.2 Source Code Mining
	5 Metrics
	6 Case Studies
		6.1 Case Study 1: Lakeside Mutual
		6.2 Case Study 2: eShopOnContainers
		6.3 Summary
	7 Discussion
	8 Threats to Validity
	9 Conclusions and Future Work
	References
Documentation-as-Code for Interface Control Document Management in Systems of Systems: A Technical Action Research Study
	1 Introduction
	2 Background and Related Work
		2.1 DaC—Documentation-as-Code
		2.2 ICD Management Approaches
	3 Research Method
		3.1 Problem Formulation and Research Questions
		3.2 Research Method
	4 Results
		4.1 RQ1: What Are the Issues with ICDs Management that Cause Assumptions and Misunderstandings When Working with These Documents in SoS?
		4.2 RQ2: What Are the Features Required for a DaC-Based ICD Management Approach to Address Such Issues?
		4.3 RQ3: What Is the Design of an ICD Management Pipeline that Provides the Identified Features?
		4.4 RQ4: To What Extent Can the Designed ICD Management Pipeline Improve the Identified ICD Management-Related Issues?
	5 Discussion/Lessons Learned
	6 Conclusion
	References
To Deprecate or to Simply Drop Operations? An Empirical Study on the Evolution of a Large OpenAPI Collection
	1 Introduction
	2 Dataset Overview
	3 Results
		3.1 Deprecation Detection
		3.2 Operation Stability over Time
		3.3 Operation State Model
	4 Discussion
	5 Related Work
	6 Conclusion
	References
Architecting for Data-Driven Systems
ProML: A Decentralised Platform for Provenance Management of Machine Learning Software Systems
	1 Introduction
	2 Preliminary
	3 ProML Platform
		3.1 User-Driven Provenance Capture
		3.2 Artefact-as-a-State-Machine
	4 Performance and Cost Evaluation
		4.1 Experimental Design
		4.2 Results
	5 Security Evaluation
		5.1 Threat Model
	6 Discussions
		6.1 Usage Scenarios
		6.2 Where ProML Performs unsatisfactorily
		6.3 Threat to Validity
	7 Related Work
	8 Conclusion
	References
A Systematic Survey of Architectural Approaches and Trade-Offs in Data De-identification
	1 Introduction
	2 Background and Motivation
		2.1 Architectural Privacy Tactics and Patterns
		2.2 Problem Statement and Research Questions
	3 Reference Model for De-identification
	4 Study Design
		4.1 Input and Source Selection
		4.2 SLR Results
		4.3 Research Approach
	5 De-identification Tactics
		5.1 Phase I. Classification and Recognition of Personal Data
		5.2 Phase II. De-identification of Personal Data
	6 Non-functional Attributes and Trade-Offs Involved in De-identification
	7 Validation
		7.1 Threats to Validity
		7.2 Applicability of the De-identification Tactics to Data Types
		7.3 Coverage of the Privacy Strategies and Privacy Patterns
	8 Conclusion
	References
Accurate Performance Predictions with Component-Based Models of Data Streaming Applications
	1 Introduction
	2 Running Example
	3 Related Work
	4 Problem Analysis
		4.1 Types of Delays
		4.2 Required Capabilities of the Modeling Language and Simulation
	5 Modeling Concepts
	6 Implementation
	7 Evaluation
		7.1 Goals, Questions, Metrics
		7.2 Evaluation Design
		7.3 Experiment Setup
		7.4 Models
		7.5 Calibration
		7.6 Results
	8 Threats to Validity
	9 Conclusion and Future Work
	References
Microservices and Middleware
Assessing Architecture Conformance to Coupling-Related Infrastructure-as-Code Best Practices: Metrics and Case Studies
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Research and Modeling Methods
	4 Decisions on Coupling-Related, IaC-Specific Practices
	5 Metrics Definition
		5.1 Model Elements Definition
		5.2 Metrics for System Coupling Through Deployment Strategy Decision
		5.3 Metrics for System Coupling Through Infrastructure Stack Grouping Decision
	6 Case Studies
	7 Discussion
	8 Conclusions and Future Work
	References
Teaching Microservice Architecture Using DevOps—An Experience Report
	1 Introduction
	2 Challenges in Teaching
	3 Course Description
		3.1 Pedagogical Considerations
		3.2 Learning Goals and Week Plan
		3.3 SkyCave
		3.4 Technical Environment
	4 Modernization: From Monolith to Microservices
	5 Results
	6 Discussion
	7 Conclusion
	References
Should Microservice Security Smells Stay or be Refactored? Towards a Trade-off Analysis
	1 Introduction
	2 Background: SIGs
	3 Towards a SIG-Based Trade-offs Analysis
	4 Illustrative Example
	5 Related Work
	6 Conclusions
	References
Architecture Modeling, Design and Decision Making
From Informal Architecture Diagrams to Flexible Blended Models
	1 Introduction
	2 Motivation and Challenges
	3 Flexible and Blended Modeling of Architectures
		3.1 Approach Overview
		3.2 Defining Textual and Graphical Formats
		3.3 Blended Modeling Loop
	4 Implementation and Validation
		4.1 Implementation and Validation in Lab Setting
		4.2 Evaluative Case Study
		4.3 Experiences from the Studied Industrial Setting
	5 Discussion
		5.1 When to Use This Approach
		5.2 Approach Limitations
		5.3 Considered Alternative Approaches
		5.4 Other Threats to Validity
	6 Related Work
	7 Conclusion
	References
Debiasing Architectural Decision-Making: A Workshop-Based Training Approach
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Research Method
	4 Results
	5 Discussion
	6 Threats to Validity
	7 Conclusion and Future Work
	References
Persistence Factories Architectural Design Pattern
	1 Introduction
	2 The Problem
	3 Industry Solutions
	4 The Persistence Factories Architectural Pattern
	5 Conclusions
	References
Feature-Based Investigation of Simulation Structure and Behaviour
	1 Introduction
	2 Problem Statement
	3 Specification Language and Feature Identification
		3.1 Specification Metamodel
		3.2 Structure Comparison
		3.3 Behaviour Comparison with SMT
	4 Evaluation
		4.1 Evaluation Goals and Design
		4.2 Evaluation Results and Discussion
	5 Related Work
	6 Conclusion
	References
Architecture Reconstruction and Recovery
ARCHI4MOM: Using Tracing Information to Extract the Architecture of Microservice-Based Systems from Message-Oriented Middleware
	1 Introduction and Motivation
	2 Foundation
		2.1 PMX
		2.2 Palladio Component Model (PCM)
		2.3 Message-Oriented Middleware (MOM)
		2.4 Flowing Retail Case Study System
	3 ARCHI4MOM Structure
		3.1 PMXController
		3.2 Data Preparation
		3.3 Data Processing
		3.4 Architecture Extraction
		3.5 Model Builder
	4 Implementation of ARCHI4MOM
	5 Evaluation
		5.1 Threats to Validity
	6 Related Work
	7 Conclusion and Future Work
	References
AutoArx: Digital Twins of Living Architectures
	1 Introduction
	2 Application Scenarios
	3 Background and Related Work
		3.1 Architecture Information and Documentation
		3.2 Architecture Information Recovery Methods
	4 AutoArx Framework
		4.1 Data Collection Agents (DCAs)
		4.2 Architecture Information Recovery Services (AIRS)
		4.3 Digital Architecture Twin (DArT)
		4.4 Architecture Information Query Language (AIQL)
	5 Evaluation Plan
	6 Conclusion
	References
Author Index