Science, Method, and Argument in Galileo: Philosophical, Historical, and Historiographical Essays (Argumentation Library, 40)

Preface
Acknowledgments
	I
	II
	III
Contents
Part I Galilean Arguments
1 Rejection of Space-Proportional Speed
	1.1 Introduction
	1.2 The Passage
	1.3 The Crew-De Salvio Translation
	1.4 Drake’s Interpretation
	1.5 The Merton-Rule Interpretation
	1.6 A Critical Explanation
	References
2 A Galilean Fallacy of Equivocation
	2.1 Introduction
	2.2 Reconstruction
	2.3 Evaluation
	References
3 Explanation of the Law of Squares
	3.1 Explanation as Growth of Understanding
	3.2 Galileo’s Main Achievement as an Explanation
	3.3 Explanatory Analysis of Relevant Passage
	3.4 Recapitulation
	References
4 Arguing About the Earth’s Motion
	4.1 Methodological Judgment
	4.2 Critical Reasoning
	4.3 Judgment Calls
	4.4 Integrating Theory and Practice
	4.5 Conclusion
	References
5 Critique of the Ship-Experiment Argument
	5.1 Introduction
	5.2 Anti-Copernican Argument and Anti-Galilean Criticism
	5.3 Analysis of the Argument
	5.4 Galileo’s Criticism
	5.5 Galileo’s Performance of the Experiment
	5.6 History of Ship Experiment
	5.7 Physics of Ship Experiment
	5.8 Conclusion
	References
Part II Comparisons and Contrasts
6 Socrates, Galileo, and Marx as Critical Thinkers
	6.1 Introduction
	6.2 A Conception of Philosophy
	6.3 Socrates
	6.4 Galileo
	6.5 Marx
	6.6 Conceptions of Critical Thinking
	References
7 The Trials of Bruno and Galileo
	7.1 Introduction
	7.2 Bruno’s Trial
	7.3 Galileo’s Trial
	7.4 Similarities and Differences
	7.5 Religion vs. Philosophy and Religion vs. Science
	Appendix I: Outline of the Lost File of Manuscript Proceedings of Bruno’s Trial
	Appendix II: Master Table of Bruno’s Trial
	References
8 Galileo’s Daughter: The Book, the Movie, the Facts, and the Issues
	8.1 Retrying Galileo, 1633–1992, and Beyond
	8.2 Galileo’s Daughter, the Book by Dava Sobel
	8.3 “Galileo’s Daughter,” the Movie
	8.4 Facts About Galileo’s Daughter
	8.5 Readers’ Comments on Galileo’s Daughter
	8.6 Conclusion
	References
9 Galileo’s Father: Method and Argument in Musicology, Physics, and Astronomy
	9.1 Introduction
	9.2 Vincenzo’s Influence on Galileo’s Experimental Methodology
	9.3 A Striking Parallel Between the Two Dialogues: Nuanced Critique of Authorities
	9.4 Content, Structure, and Character of Galileo’s Dialogue
	9.5 Toward a Comparative Analysis of Vincenzo’s Dialogue
	9.6 Conclusion
	References
10 Painting vs. Sculpture in the Cigoli Letter
	10.1 Introduction
	10.2 Reconstruction of the Letter’s Argumentation
	10.3 Galilean Aspects of the Letter’s Method of Argument
	10.4 Un-Galilean Aspects of the Letter’s Method of Argument
	10.5 Aspects of the Letter’s Substantive Content and Historical Context
	10.6 Conclusions and Conjectures
	Appendix: Table of Galilean Illatives
	References
Part III For or Against Galileo or the Church
11 The Berkeley Para-Clerical Approach
	11.1 Introduction
	11.2 A Summary of the Galileo Affair
	11.3 Feyerabend on the Galileo Affair
	11.4 Heilbron on the Galileo Affair
	11.5 The Berkeley Para-Clerical Approach
	11.6 Numbers’s Version of the Para-Clerical Approach
	11.7 Conclusion
	References
12 Prison and Torture as False but Well-Founded Myths
	12.1 Introduction
	12.2 Galileo’s Trial
	12.3 Origin of, and Evidence for, These Two Myths
	12.4 Subsequent Evidence Against the Prison Thesis
	12.5 Actual Torture vs. Threat of Torture
	12.6 Varieties of Torture
	12.7 Conclusion
	References
13 Galileo Under Fire and Under Patronage
	13.1 Introduction
	13.2 Paduan Industriousness (1592–1610)
	13.3 Crucial Transition (1610)
	13.4 Florentine Leisure (1610–1642)
	13.5 The Loss of Republican Liberty
	13.6 The Ecclesiastic Funding of Heretical Research
	13.7 Conclusion
	References
14 From Religion vs. Science to Science vs. Religion: McMullin on the Church and Galileo
	14.1 The Condemnation of Galileo
	14.2 The Trial of Galileo
	14.3 The Subsequent Galileo Affair
	14.4 Origin and Content of Present Volume
	14.5 Minor Blemishes
	14.6 The Original vs. The Subsequent Affair
	14.7 Pope John Paul’s Rehabilitation of Galileo
	14.8 Conclusion
	References
15 Legal Formalities and Improprieties: Mayer on the Inquisition Trying Galileo
	15.1 Introduction
	15.2 The Trial of Galileo: Highlights and Approaches
	15.3 Mayer’s Approach and Account
	15.4 Criticism
	15.5 Conclusion
	References
16 Charity, Logic, and Para-Clericalism: Agassi on Explaining Galileo’s Trial
	16.1 Introduction
	16.2 Galileo’s Trial
	16.3 Koestler’s Account
	16.4 Agassi’s Criticism
	16.5 Agassi’s Approach
	16.6 Conclusion
	References
17 Authenticity vs. Accuracy vs. Legitimacy: Pagano on the Vatican Documents
	17.1 Pagano’s Contributions to Galilean Scholarship
	17.2 The Inquisition’s 1616 Orders to Galileo
	17.3 Critical Review of Pagano’s Account
	17.4 Some Particular Arguments
	17.5 Conclusion
	References
Part IV Galilean Scholarship
18 Shapere’s Galileo: Philosophy vs. History vs. Erudition
	18.1 Summary of Shapere’s Book
	18.2 Scholarly Problems
	18.3 Historiographical Problems
	18.4 Philosophical Problems
	18.5 Toward a Theory of Scientific Rationality
	References
19 Koyré’s Études galiléennes: Critical Reasoning vs. A Priori Rationalism
	19.1 Koyré’s Influence
	19.2 Critics of Koyré
	19.3 Koyré on the Argumentation in the Dialogue
	19.4 Criticism of Koyré’s Assessment
	19.5 Conclusion
	References
20 Feyerabend’s Against Method: Rationalism vs. Pseudo-irrationalism
	20.1 Feyerabend’s Approach to Scientific Rationality
	20.2 Feyerabend on Galileo’s Methodology
	20.3 The Tower Argument
	20.4 Conclusion
	References
21 Wallace’s Galileo and His Sources: Suppositional vs. Hypothetical Reasoning
	21.1 Introduction
	21.2 On Galileo’s Early Notebooks
	21.3 On Galileo’s Mature Work
	21.4 On the Galileo Affair
	21.5 Conclusion
	References
22 Drake on Galileo: Science vs. Philosophy, Methodology vs. Metaphysics
	22.1 Introduction
	22.2 Drake’s Galileo at Work
	22.3 Drake’s Galileo Against the Philosophers
	References
23 Camerota’s Galileo Galilei e la cultura scientifica: Between Ptolemy and Copernicus?
	23.1 Introduction
	23.2 Appreciation
	23.3 Criticism
	23.4 Conclusion
	References
24 Crombie’s Galileo’s Natural Philosophy: Disputation vs. Demonstration vs. Argumentation
	24.1 Introduction
	24.2 Ill-Digested Syncretism
	24.3 Appreciation
	24.4 Crombie’s Key Interpretive Thesis
	24.5 Criticism
	24.6 Mis-Understanding Argumentation
	24.7 Conclusion
	References
Index