Resilient Planning and Design for Sustainable Cities (Advances in Science, Technology & Innovation)

Scientific Committee
Preface
Contents
City Planning: Urbanization and Development
Alternative Models for the City-Density: The Case of Lazar Khidekel
	Abstract
	1	Introduction
	2	Low-, Medium- or High-Rise Buildings? Vertical City and Horizontal City
		2.1	Horizontal and Vertical City
		2.2	Vertical Densification
	3	Is the Vertical Typology the Best Optimised One?
		3.1	If New York Would Have Been Developed by Courtyards
		3.2	Actuality of the Research
	4	Alternative Models for City Density: Case Studies
		4.1	Background
		4.2	Experimental City Projects
		4.3	Radical City Projects
		4.4	Lazar Khidekel Urban Design Approach
	5	Why Would Khidekel Be Interesting for Research on Alternative Forms of Urban Densification?
		5.1	Measurements Test
		5.2	Development in Section
		5.3	Volumetric Development
	6	Discussion of Results and Conclusions
	References
Gentrification in Jordan: The Abdali Redevelopment Project as a Case Study
	Abstract
	1	Introduction
		1.1	Gentrification: Origin and Definitions
		1.2	Scope of the Study: The Abdali Redevelopment Project
	2	Methodology and Results
		2.1	Expropriations, Land Use Change, and Displacement
	3	Conclusion
	References
The Reciprocal Relationship Between Urban Form and Social Sustainability Aspects
	Abstract
	1	Introduction
	2	The Social Aspects
	3	The Urban Form Aspects
	4	The Relation Between the Most Essential Social and Urban Form Aspects
	5	Explain the Correlation Between Urban Form and Social Sustainability Using the Causal Loop Diagram
		5.1	Definition
		5.2	The Causal Loop Diagram’s Fundamental Components
		5.3	The Causal Loop Diagram
	6	Conclusion
	References
People Oriented Development: Rethinking the Links Between the Sustainable Development Goals and Transit Oriented Development, Through a Case Study of Quito, Ecuador
	Abstract
	1	Introduction
	2	The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): Poverty and Inequality Solved Through Economic Growth
	3	SDGs and TOD: The Synergies and Conflicts
		3.1	TOD: A Panacea for All Urban Ills
		3.2	TOD and SDGs: Beneficial at First Glance
		3.3	TOD and the SDGs: A Double-Edged Sword
	4	Quito: A Case Study
	5	Conclusions: From TOD to POD
	References
Dubai World Expo 2020: A Youth-Centric Analysis of Mega Events and their Preliminary Influence on Sustainable Development
	Abstract
	1	Introduction
	2	Methodology and Research Design
	3	Background
	4	Milan Expo 2015
	5	FIFA World Cup Qatar 2022
	6	Expo City Dubai
	7	Shaping the Future of Urban Living
	8	Youth Perception
	9	Discussion and Conclusion
	References
Analysing Connectivity and Settlement Growth in Aerotropolis: A Spatial and Temporal Perspective
	Abstract
	1	Introduction
	2	Literature Study
		2.1	Emergence of an Aerotropolis
		2.2	Indian Predicament
	3	Methods and Material
		3.1	Study Area
		3.2	Methodology
		3.3	Order of Settlements
		3.4	Cumulative Functionality Index for Settlements
	4	Conclusion
	5	Limitation
	References
Metric Analysis of Superblock Street Network Designs: Implications for Supporting Non-motorized Travel and Land Use Planning Strategies
	Abstract
	1	Introduction
	2	Data and Methods
	3	Results
	4	Discussion
	References
A Study on the Optimization of Floor Area Ratio (FSI) in the State of Kerala, India
	Abstract
	1	Introduction
	2	Urbanization of Kerala
	3	Concept of FSI
	4	FSI as a Development Control Tool
		4.1	Comparative Analysis of FSI
		4.2	Building Code, Building Rules, and Enforcement
	5	Profile of Kerala
	6	Findings and Methodology
	7	Conclusions
	Appendix 1: Expert Survey Questionnaire
	A.1. What Are the Factors to Be Considered in the Present FSI Norms?
	References
Enhancing Urban Environments: Open Spaces and Community Interactions
Urban Landscape Impact on Human Behavior
	Abstract
	1	Introduction
	2	Background
		2.1	Relationship Between Urban Landscape Social Dimension, Behavior, and Needs
		2.2	Human Behavior
		2.3	Relationship Between Human Behavior and Surrounding Environment
		2.4	Urban Landscape as the Surrounding Environment
	3	Methodology
	4	Literature Review
	5	Results
		5.1	URBAN SOCIALSCAPE as a Theoretical Framework
			5.1.1 Achieve Physical Comfort (P1)
			5.1.2 Improve Psychological Condition (P2)
			5.1.3 Motivate Mental Health (P3)
			5.1.4 Strengthen Social Interaction (P4)
			5.1.5 Emphasize Place Attachment (P5)
		5.2	Why Urban Socialscape Expression?
	6	Conclusion
	References
Conviviality of Public Spaces in Egypt: A Case Study on New Cairo Markets
	Abstract
	1	Introduction
	2	Literature Review
		2.1	Public Spaces and the Concept of Conviviality
		2.2	Different Theories Assessing Conviviality
	3	Case Study
		3.1	Rehab Old Market
		3.2	Zelzal Street Market
	4	Conceptual Framework
		4.1	Physical Attributes
		4.2	Social Attributes
	5	Methodology
	6	Discussion
		6.1	Al-Rehab Formal Market
		6.2	Al-Zelzal Informal Market
	7	Conclusion
	References
Assessing Vegetation Cover Changes of Kuala Lumpur Vacant Land Using NDVI Technique
	Abstract
	1	Introduction
	2	Literature Review
		2.1	What is Urban Vacant Land?
		2.2	Urban Vacant Land Characteristics and Typology
	3	Method
		3.1	Study Site
		3.2	Data Collection and Preparation for NDVI Analysis
		3.3	NDVI Analysis
		3.4	Vegetation Cover Change Detection
		3.5	Accretion and Reduction of Vegetation Cover Change
		3.6	Assessment of Kuala Lumpur Vacant Land Vegetation Cover Change
	4	Results
		4.1	Reduction of Vegetation
		4.2	Accretion of Vegetation with Future Loss of Greenery
		4.3	Accretion of Vegetation Density with Potential for Land Conservation
	5	Discussion
		5.1	Classifying Vacant Land to Understand Its Dynamic Nature
		5.2	Application of NDVI to Monitor Urban Vegetation Cover Change
	6	Conclusion
	References
Stories of Resilience—Public Housing Communities and the Kuala Lumpur Community Gardens Initiative
	Abstract
	1	Introduction
		1.1	Background
		1.2	Justification of the Study
		1.3	Research Objective
	2	Literature Review
		2.1	Community Empowerment Through Participation
		2.2	Community Life Involvement of Low-Income Earners
		2.3	COVID-19 Pandemic Impacts on Community Life
		2.4	Participation in Community Gardening
	3	Research Method
		3.1	Socio-Economic Data Analysis—A Qualitative Approach
		3.2	The Research Processes
		3.3	Study Areas
		3.4	Semi-Structured Interviews
		3.5	Inclusion Criteria for Participants of the Study
		3.6	Participant Sampling
		3.7	Data Adequacy and Number of Participants
	4	Results and Discussion
		4.1	Socio-Demographics of Community Gardening Participants
		4.2	Duration of Residence in a Public Housing Neighbourhood
		4.3	Duration of Participation in Community Gardening Activities
		4.4	Crops and Gardening Plots in the Community Gardens
		4.5	Time Spent at Their Gardening Plots
		4.6	Health Concerns and Gardening Experience
	5	Conclusion
	References
Assessing Students’ Satisfaction with the Urban Design of the Open Spaces Attached to Their On-Campus Housing: A Case Study
	Abstract
	1	Introduction
	2	Materials and Methods
	3	Results and Discussion
	4	Conclusion
	References
Experimental Co-Design with a Ludic Urban Community. The Safeguard of the Identity of Vale Do Anhangabaù as a Skateboarding Spot
	Abstract
	1	Conflicts and Negotiations in the Construction of Metropolitan Public Spaces
		1.1	Urban Transformations and Territorial Conflicts
		1.2	Participation as an Instrument for Democracy
		1.3	The Participated Construction and the Project as a Mediation Tool
	2	Skateboarding Between Urban Play and Spatial Appropriation Practice
		2.1	Theoretical Roots and Historical Trends in the Practice of Skateboarding
		2.2	Urbanism and Skateboarding Architecture
		2.3	Skateboarding and Participatory Urbanism
	3	The Case of Vale Do Anhangabaú, São Paulo
		3.1	Vale Do Anhangabaú
		3.2	Starting the Reconfiguration Process
		3.3	Conflict and Negotiation
		3.4	A ‘Skatable’ Memorial
	4	Conclusions
	References
Social-Environmental Characteristics of Community Gardens in Public Housing Neighbourhoods in Kuala Lumpur
	Abstract
	1	Introduction
	2	Background of the Study
		2.1	Public Housing Neighbourhoods: Quality and Affordable Housing for All
		2.2	Urban Farming LA21 Kuala Lumpur: Community Gardening Participation for All
		2.3	Public Housing Community Participation in Urban Farming LA21 KL
		2.4	Justification of the Study
	3	Literature Review
		3.1	Humans as Social Beings and Their Need for Nature
		3.2	Social Infrastructure and Community Development
		3.3	Social Benefits of Community Gardening
	4	Research Method
		4.1	Study Areas and Setting
	5	Results and Discussion
		5.1	Mapping the Location of the Public Housing Neighbourhoods
		5.2	Documenting Social-Environmental Characteristics of the Public Housing Neighbourhoods
		5.3	Background of Urban Farming LA21 KL
		5.4	Household Income and Size
			5.4.1 Affordable Housing and Income Dynamics
			5.4.2 Changing Household Size and Green Spaces
		5.5	Land Ownership and Proximity to Public Housing Residential Flats
		5.6	Balancing Inclusion and Capacity in Community Garden Expansion
	6	Conclusion
	References
Past and Future: City’s Image and Preservation
The Relationship Between Urban Identity and Urban Migration | Investigating a City\'s Image, Values, and Identity in Kabul City, Afghanistan
	Abstract
	1	Introduction
		1.1	Urban Identity (UI)
		1.2	Urban Migration
		1.3	Impact of Urban Migration on Urban Identity
		1.4	Research Questions
	2	Preview Studies
	3	Study Area
		3.1	District 6
		3.2	District 8
		3.3	District 13
	4	Research Methodology
	5	Survey Findings and Results
		5.1	Findings
			5.1.1 Dawazda-Imam Residential Area
			5.1.2 Talayee Town
			5.1.3 Omid-E-Sabz Residential Area
		5.2	Results
			5.2.1 Demographics, Socio-Cultural, and Socioeconomical Results
			5.2.2 Environmental and Physical Results
	6	Discussions
	7	Conclusions
	References
The Trace of the City’s Structure: The Evocative Representation of Settlement Through the Montage Technique
	Abstract
	1	Structure of the Paper
	2	Introduction
	3	Objectives
	4	Precedents
		4.1	The Peutinger Table
		4.2	The Map of Europe
		4.3	Opicino De Canistris and Galvano Fiamma Visions of Lombardy
		4.4	G. B. Piranesi and the Campus Martius
		4.5	Colin Rowe: Collage City and the Plan Game
		4.6	Saverio Muratori and the Knowledge of Venice
	5	Methods and Results
	6	Theoretical Precedents and Evaluations
	7	Conclusions
	8	Future Developments and Methodological Implications
	References
Manohar Canal of Chittagong, Bangladesh: Conceivable Methods to Rejuvenate a Historic Canal and Improve Waterfront Scenario
	Abstract
	1	Introduction
	2	Literature Review
		2.1	Urban Waterfront Scenario and Quality of Life
		2.2	Case Study on Waterfront Development and Its Impact Around the World
			2.2.1 Waterfront Development at Toronto, Canada
		2.3	Importance of Canals in Bangladesh
		2.4	Historic Canals of Chittagong and the Case Study
			2.4.1 Chaktai Canal
			2.4.2 Rajakhali Canal
			2.4.3 Mirza Canal
		2.5	Issues Facing the Adjacent Areas of Manohar Khal
	3	Methodology
	4	Discussions and Recommendations
		4.1	Examining the Nature of Land Use and Activities Undertaken on Manohar Khal
		4.2	Establish the Causes of Informal Settlement Developments and Identify Guidelines that Can Be Used in Developing Prospective Waterfront Communities
		4.3	Identifying Opportunities for Sustainable Development of Human Activities and Conservation of the Canal
		4.4	Waterfront Development and Open Spaces
	5	Conclusion
	References
A Review of Innovative Materials for the Design of Adaptive Biomimetic Façades
	Abstract
	1	Introduction
	2	Biomimetic Approach for Adaptive Building Design
		2.1	Adaptation Strategies
	3	Characteristics of Innovative Materials for Adaptation
	4	Case Studies
		4.1	Shape Memory Hybrid
		4.2	Shape Memory Alloy
		4.3	Shape Memory Polymers
		4.4	Electro-Active Polymers
	5	Results and Discussions
	6	Conclusions
	References
Rescue of Historical Natural Elements: Urban Design for the Recovery of “El Censo” Ravine in Quito, Ecuador
	Abstract
	1	Introduction
	2	Theoretical Approaches
	3	Materials and Methods
	4	Results
		4.1	Public Space Habitability Index: Ergonomic Variable
		4.2	Public Space Habitability Index: Psychological Variable
		4.3	Public Space Habitability Index: Physiological Variable
		4.4	Public Space Habitability Index: Proximity Variable
		4.5	Proposal for the Rescue of the “El Censo” Ravine as a Habitable Space
	5	Conclusions
	References
A Study on the Renewal and Development Strategy of Veranda in the Historic Center of Macau
	Abstract
	1	Introduction
	2	Historical Changes and Development of Veranda in Macau
	3	Development Constraints for the Veranda in the Historic District of Macau
		3.1	Limitations of the Veranda Itself
		3.2	Existing Limitations for Upgrades and Revitalization
	4	Case Study of Veranda Renewal
		4.1	Case Study on the Renewal of Veranda in Hong Kong
		4.2	Case Study on the Renewal of Veranda in Taiwan
	5	Discussion
		5.1	Upper-Level Planning and Policy
		5.2	Diversified Conservation of Veranda
		5.3	Sustainable Application of Historical Urban Heritages in the Market
	6	Conclusion
	References
Culture-Based Urban Development in Nawalgarh, India
	Abstract
	1	Overview
	2	Prevalent Research
	3	Need for Study
	4	Study Area Profile—The Town of Nawalgarh
	5	Identification of Critical Concerns in the Study Area
	6	Data Collection
		6.1	Analytical Tools and Techniques
		6.2	Methodology
	7	Strategies for Valourisation of Cultural Heritage Assets in Nawalgarh
		7.1	Development of a Regulatory Framework—Urban Planning and Design Guidelines
			7.1.1 Development Control and an Urban Toolkit
			7.1.2 Adaptive Reuse
		7.2	Mobility Guidelines
		7.3	Tourism and Interpretation Strategy—Valourisation of Intangible and Tangible Heritage Assets
	8	Conclusions
	Appendix 1: Inventory and Listing Form for Historic Built Stock
	References
The Application and Function of Colors in Urban Spaces (Case Study of Amirchakhmaq Square, Yazd, Iran)
	Abstract
	1	Introduction
	2	Theoretical Foundations
		2.1	Square as an Urban Space
		2.2	The Urbanscape
		2.3	Facade Elements
		2.4	The Psychological Effect of Colors
	3	Materials and Methods
	4	Case Study and Discussion
		4.1	Amirchakhmaq Square
		4.2	The Color in Amirchakhmaq Square
		4.3	The Morphological Dimension
		4.4	The Visual Dimension
		4.5	The Perceptual Dimension
		4.6	The Social Dimension
		4.7	The Functional Dimension
	5	Conclusion
	References
Evolving Architecture and Rethinking Cities
Beyond Green Facades: Measuring the Ecology of Vertical Gardens in Quito, Ecuador
	Abstract
	1	Introduction
	2	Methodology
	3	Results and Discussion
		3.1	Plaza San Blas
		3.2	PUCE Interior
		3.3	PUCE Exterior
	4	Conclusions
	References
Determining Future Drivers of Local Urban Climate of Lahore by Using Remote Sensing Techniques
	Abstract
	1	Introduction
	2	Materials and Method
	3	LULC Classification
		3.1	Relationship Among LST, NDVI and NDBI
	4	Transitional Modelling and ANN Approach
	5	Results and Discussion
	6	Recommendations
	References
Downscaling Regional Ecological Network and Landscape Resources to Develop Green Infrastructure at the City Scale. Insights from an Italian Case Study
	Abstract
	1	Introduction
	2	Materials and Methods
		2.1	Case Study
		2.2	Local Green Infrastructure Design
	3	Results
	4	Downscaling of the Elements of the Ecological Network from the Regional to the Inter-Municipal Scale
	5	Discussions
	6	Conclusions
	References
From Car-Oriented Development to a Bicycle-Friendly Environment. A Case Study in the Mugello Valley in Tuscany
	Abstract
	1	Introduction
	2	Scientific Background and Methodology of the Study
	3	Discussion
	4	Conclusions
	References
Equitable TOD (eTOD): Current Thinking and Solutions for the Future
	Abstract
	1	Introduction
	2	How to Ensure Successful TOD
	3	Bringing Equity to the Forefront
	4	Transport-Oriented Displacement
	5	Conclusions
	References
Depopulation as a Way to Saturate the Various Urban Structure’s Inherent Deficits? Case of the Post-war Solitary Housing Estates
	Abstract
	1	Introduction
		1.1	Theme
		1.2	Problem Statement
		1.3	General Context
	2	Impacts of Population Decline on the Urban Structure
	3	Methodology
	4	Case Studies and Results
		4.1	Post-War Solitary Housing Estates Inherent Weaknesses
		4.2	Case Study Ostrava-Poruba, Dělnická
		4.3	Case Study Karviná-Nové Město
		4.4	Case Study Ostrava—Poruba, District V
		4.5	Notes from Eisenhüttenstadt, Cottbus and Chemnitz
	5	Discussion, Recommendation, and Further Research Agenda
	6	Conclusion
	References
Housing Design, Health, and Wellbeing: Learnings from Housing Projects in Mangalore, India
	Abstract
	1	Introduction
		1.1	Design of Indoor Spaces in Housing
		1.2	Design of Outdoor Housing Environment
	2	Methodology
		2.1	Case Studies
	3	Results
	4	Discussion
	5	Limitations
	6	Conclusion
	References
High-Performance Envelope: Energy Performance Analysis of Exterior Shell Improvements to Existing Buildings
	Abstract
	1	Introduction
	2	Methodology
		2.1	Site Data
			2.1.1 Weather Data
		2.2	Energy Consumption in Iran
		2.3	Software Inputs
	3	Discussion
		3.1	“Shell Materials: The Impact of Changing Material”
			3.1.1 Data Analysis in Two Different Seasons
		3.2	Shell Displacement
		3.3	Electricity Consumption
	4	Conclusion
	References
A Study on Public Acceptance of Carpooling to Mitigate Traffic Congestion in the City of Casablanca, Morocco
	Abstract
	1	Introduction
	2	Literature Review
		2.1	Definition of Carpooling
		2.2	A Brief History
		2.3	Carpooling Factors
			2.3.1 Social Factors
			2.3.2 Economic Factors
			2.3.3 Environmental Factors
			2.3.4 Policy-Related Factors
		2.4	Impact on Sustainable Urban Development
		2.5	Public Acceptance of Carpooling in Morocco and Other Countries
			2.5.1 Morocco
			2.5.2 Other Countries
		2.6	Comment
	3	Research Methodology
		3.1	Variables Adopted in the Study
		3.2	Online Questionnaire
		3.3	Sampling Method
		3.4	Data Analysis Method
	4	Results
		4.1	Descriptive Statistics
		4.2	Reasons to not Carpool
		4.3	Strategies to Promote Carpooling
	5	Discussion
	6	Conclusion
	References
The Biophilic Healing Index (BHI) as a Professional Tool for Indoors and Outdoors Active Living Design
	Abstract
	1	Introduction-Background
	2	Using the Biophilic Healing Index to Test Inclusive and Healthy Places and Spaces
	3	Biourbanism and Pattern Language Brought Together in the Biophilic Healing Index
	4	Teaching the Biophilic Healing Index to Higher Education Students—Applications in Final Year Projects of Architectural Design—Case Study and Proposals for Markeaton Campus and the Surrounding Areas, University of Derby, East Midlands, UK
	5	Conclusions
	Appendix A
	References
Taking Care of Public Spaces—Light and Bottom-Up Regeneration in Tor Bella Monaca and San Basilio
	Abstract
	1	Introduction
	2	Method and Materials
		2.1	The Public Space in Public Housing Interventions
		2.2	Selection of Case Studies
	3	Results
		3.1	Tor Bella Monaca
		3.2	San Basilio
	4	Discussion
		4.1	The Importance of the Ordinary and the Sense of Community in the Design Mechanisms
	5	Conclusions
	References
Against the Wall: Reflections on Wandering and Precarity in South African Cities
	Abstract
	1	Introduction: of Wandering and the City
	2	The Colonial Trauma: A Wandering Mind of the Living Dead
	3	‘Post-Apartheid’ Wanderings
	4	Wandering as Insurgency?
	5	Concluding Remarks and Areas for Further Research
	References