Resilience and the cultural landscape: understanding and managing change in human-shaped environments

Cover\n......Page 1
Resilience and the Cultural Landscape: Understanding and Managing Change in Human-Shaped Environments......Page 3
Title......Page 5
Copyright......Page 6
Contents......Page 7
Contributors......Page 10
Preface......Page 15
Note......Page 18
PART I: CONCEPTUALISING LANDSCAPES AS SOCIAL–ECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0......Page 19
Two views on values and changes of cultural landscapes......Page 21
Challenges to cultural landscapes......Page 25
Globalisation of landscapes......Page 26
Landscapes of agricultural intensification and expansion......Page 27
Landscapes of renewable power......Page 28
Nature conservation landscapes......Page 29
Local and international action for landscapes......Page 30
The cultural landscapes approach......Page 32
The resilience approach......Page 33
Prospects for linking landscape and resilience research......Page 37
References......Page 39
Introduction......Page 45
The changing cultural landscape......Page 47
Changing perspectives on landscape governance......Page 50
Landscape change and resilience......Page 53
Landscapes as resilient social–ecological systems......Page 58
The pursuit of ‘good’ landscape resilience......Page 61
Conclusions......Page 63
References......Page 64
Introduction......Page 67
The resilience approach to social–ecological systems......Page 68
The cultural landscape concept......Page 71
Similarities and differences between the two approaches......Page 73
Explanation of the similarities between the two approaches......Page 74
Conclusion......Page 77
References......Page 78
Introduction......Page 83
The human as conceptualised in cultural landscape thinking......Page 84
Geographic differences in the use of the cultural landscape idea......Page 85
Cultural landscapes in land and heritage management......Page 87
Cultural landscapes for biodiversity......Page 90
The human as conceptualised in social–ecological systems and resilience thinking......Page 91
Relational approaches: contesting cultural landscapes......Page 92
The ontological challenge......Page 93
References......Page 94
Introduction......Page 98
The spatial dimensions in social–ecological systems......Page 99
A spatial landscape approach......Page 102
The case of Hållnäs......Page 104
Possible linkages?......Page 107
Concluding remarks......Page 109
References......Page 110
The problem......Page 113
Small-scale farming landscapes in eastern Africa, as seen from two perspectives......Page 117
Where is the boundary of the system?......Page 118
What is the nature of agrarian societies?......Page 119
Different conceptualisations: different world views?......Page 121
Understanding European small-scale landscapes......Page 122
Bocage in Bretagne......Page 124
The historical evidence......Page 125
Acknowledgements......Page 126
References......Page 127
PART II: ANALYSING LANDSCAPE RESILIENCE\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0......Page 129
Introduction......Page 131
Landscape change in the Limpach Valley......Page 133
Proposing a framework for assessing resilience of cultural landscapes......Page 138
References......Page 140
Introduction......Page 144
The cases of the Picos de Europa (Spain) and Formosa (Argentina)......Page 146
Picos de Europa......Page 147
Formosa......Page 148
Analysis of transformation of the land use systems......Page 149
Picos de Europa......Page 150
Formosa......Page 151
Picos de Europa......Page 153
Formosa......Page 156
Conclusion and perspectives......Page 159
References......Page 161
Introduction......Page 164
The explanatory value of theoretical approaches to path dependency......Page 165
Comparing path dependency and resilience......Page 167
Physical and institutional path dependencies as challenges to the resilience of the polder landscape of Oderbruch......Page 169
Spreewald: two rival development paths and their hybridisation to achieve resilient cultural landscape development......Page 174
Conclusions on linking path dependency and resilience for an analysis of cultural landscape development......Page 177
References......Page 179
Caribbean sugar-cane cultural landscape......Page 182
Sugar-cane production as a social–ecological system......Page 184
Changes, transformations and adaptive cycles......Page 185
Scale, location and panarchy......Page 186
Early Spanish system......Page 187
Classic plantation system......Page 188
Post-production landscapes......Page 191
Land (natural capital)......Page 194
Capital (manufactured)......Page 195
Political action......Page 196
Cross-scale interactions within the panarchy......Page 197
Revisions to resilience thinking......Page 199
Conclusions......Page 200
References......Page 201
Introduction......Page 203
Regime shifts......Page 205
The case of offshore wind farming in the German North Sea......Page 206
Ecosystem services and seascape......Page 208
Resilience of the marine ecological system to offshore wind farming development......Page 209
Effects on the provision of ecosystem services......Page 211
Resilience of the socioeconomic system......Page 213
Cumulative cross-scale effects of tipping points and overall system trajectories......Page 214
Conclusion......Page 216
References......Page 217
PART III MANAGING LANDSCAPES FOR RESILIENCE\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0......Page 221
Introduction......Page 223
Landscapes as social–ecological systems......Page 224
Methodology and selection of groups......Page 227
Landschaftspflegeverbände in Germany......Page 228
Farming and Wildlife Advisory Group in the United Kingdom......Page 230
The Distelverein in Austria......Page 232
Activities......Page 233
Networks and stakeholders......Page 234
Longevity and resilience......Page 235
Conclusion......Page 236
References......Page 238
Resilience-orientated approaches to landscape management......Page 242
Social–ecological systems in cultural landscapes......Page 243
Finding stakeholders in the landscape......Page 244
Coping with disturbance......Page 246
Adapting to change......Page 247
Strategic transformation......Page 248
Response strategies in practice: the case of the Helge å catchment in Sweden......Page 249
A challenged biosphere reserve......Page 250
Stakeholders perceive disturbance......Page 252
Stakeholders respond......Page 254
Conclusions......Page 256
References......Page 257
Introduction......Page 260
Conceptual framework: resilience in transhumance cultural landscapes......Page 261
The Conquense Royal Drove Road as a case study......Page 262
Provisioning services......Page 265
Regulating services......Page 266
Cultural services......Page 267
Biodiversity conservation......Page 269
History of social–ecological resilience in transhumance landscapes......Page 270
Insights for resilience management in cultural landscapes......Page 272
Conclusions......Page 274
References......Page 275
The Cuban context......Page 279
The Austrian alpine context......Page 280
Traditional ecological knowledge......Page 282
Methods......Page 283
Flora......Page 286
Nutritional subsistence through homegardens......Page 287
Ornamental plants......Page 288
Ritual plants......Page 289
Plant collection......Page 290
Community homegarden......Page 291
Traditional ecological knowledge in a political economy context......Page 292
How homegardens help build social–ecological resilience......Page 294
References......Page 298
Introduction......Page 301
Building and maintaining ‘desired’ ecosystem states in resilience thinking......Page 303
The politics of social–ecological resilience......Page 304
The adaptive cycle model for the Mafia Island prawn farm conceptualised by a combined social–ecological resilience and political ecology approach......Page 306
Multiple, competing and contested views in resilience thinking......Page 311
Conclusion......Page 314
References......Page 315
PART IV: PERSPECTIVES FOR RESILIENT LANDSCAPES\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0......Page 319
Learning about Burgundy......Page 321
Taking the long view......Page 323
A landscape transformed......Page 325
Some conceptual frameworks......Page 328
A key role for landscape......Page 330
References......Page 331
Introduction......Page 333
The resilience conceptual framework......Page 334
The global ‘embeddedness’ of systems......Page 335
One-way nature of the adaptive cycle......Page 337
Integrating the social and ecological......Page 339
Better depiction of the social......Page 341
Closing remarks......Page 343
References......Page 344
Introduction......Page 346
Opportunities and benefits of linking resilience and the landscape perspective......Page 348
Systematic and holistic analytical frame......Page 350
Insights into general causes and patterns of landscape change across space and time......Page 351
Dynamic view on reorganisation and renewal in landscapes......Page 353
Comprehension of the social realm in human-shaped environments......Page 354
Acknowledgement of the normative dimension......Page 355
Relevance beyond science......Page 356
Possible future directions......Page 358
References......Page 359
Index......Page 361