Quotatives: New Trends and Sociolinguistic Implications

Cover......Page 1
Title Page......Page 5
Copyright......Page 6
Contents......Page 7
Acknowledgements......Page 9
List of Figures......Page 13
List of Tables......Page 15
Chapter 1 Introduction: What's New about the New Quotatives?......Page 21
The History of Innovative Quotatives......Page 24
Why?......Page 32
Chapter 2 You Can Quote Me On That: Defining Quotation......Page 54
Defining Quotation......Page 57
(i) Typology......Page 75
(ii) Vantage point/Deictic orientation......Page 76
(iii) Formal characteristics......Page 78
(iv) Performative/mimetic features......Page 80
Why Does it Matter? The Ramifications of Variable Definition......Page 84
Direct repetition......Page 85
Reporting of inner states and mental activity......Page 88
Chapter 3 Variation and Change in the Quotative System: The Global versus the Local......Page 109
Tracing the Global Attestation of Innovative Quotatives......Page 110
Investigating Models of Diffusion......Page 113
Describing the patterning of quotative variants across the English-speaking world......Page 117
The diachronic dimension of global spread: What happens 15 years later?......Page 138
Putting It All Together......Page 154
Chapter 4 Quotation across the Generations: A Short History of Speech and Thought Reporting......Page 168
Tracing Quotation in Tyneside English across the Past 60 Years......Page 170
Establishing the inventory of forms between the 1960s and the 2000s......Page 173
Revisiting skewed data: implications for historical analysis......Page 177
Delimiting the starting point: tapping into the variable grammar of the 1960s/70s......Page 181
The development of an age effect......Page 185
Quotations across the Decades: Tracing the Changes in the Variable Grammar......Page 186
Investigating changes between the 1960s/70s TLS and the 1990s PVC......Page 189
Investigating changes between the 1990s PVC and the 2000s NECTE......Page 191
How to Create Variability in a Low Entropy System?......Page 203
Don't Sound Stupid, Stop Saying like......Page 218
Language Ideologies: Facts and Fiction......Page 222
Testing Attitudes towards the Innovative Quotatives......Page 227
What Type of Person would use such a Form? Testing Associations with Personality Traits......Page 230
Where do be like and go come from? Investigating the Perceptual Geographies of Innovative Quotatives......Page 241
Social Perceptions Associated with be like and go......Page 247
Youth Inarticulateness and the Pedagogical Debate......Page 254
The Innovative Quotatives: A New, Uniform and Unique Phenomenon?......Page 265
The Elephant in the Room: Situating Quotation in Linguistic Modularity......Page 271
Tackling Some Illusions......Page 276
Tracing the Present and Future of Quotative Forms......Page 278
Conclusion......Page 290
Appendix 1 Linear Regression Analysis Investigating the Conditioning Factors on the Quotative System in the US and the UK......Page 298
Appendix 2 Alternative Cross-Tabulations......Page 299
Appendix 3 Social Attitudes Survey......Page 304
Index......Page 315