Produced Water 2: Environmental Issues and Mitigation Technologies

Front Matter....Pages i-xiii
Front Matter....Pages 1-1
Session Summary....Pages 3-5
Regulation of Produced Water on the Norwegian Continental Shelf....Pages 7-11
Discharges of Produced Water to the North Sea....Pages 13-25
Regulation of Produced Water by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency....Pages 27-41
Front Matter....Pages 43-43
Session Summary....Pages 45-47
Estimating the Acute Toxicity of Produced Waters to Marine Organisms Using Predictive Toxicity Models....Pages 49-59
A Comparison Between the Toxicity of Produced Oil and Gas Condensate Using a New Sediment Bioassay for Deposited Oil....Pages 61-68
Produced Water Composition, Toxicity, and Fate....Pages 69-80
Field Evaluation of Toxic Effects and Dispersion of Produced Water Discharges From North Sea Oil Platforms....Pages 81-100
Sub-Lethal Effects of Oil-Produced Water on the Early Life Stages of Turbot....Pages 101-112
Exposure of Cod Larvae ( Gadus morhua L ) to Phenols in Produced Water During the Critical Period of First Feeding....Pages 113-121
Front Matter....Pages 123-123
Session Summary....Pages 125-126
Ecotoxicological Risk of Produced Water Discharged From Oil Production Platforms in the Statfjord and Gullfaks Field....Pages 127-134
The N-Octanol/Water Partition Coefficient....Pages 135-148
Effects of the Water Soluble Fraction of Crude Oil on Marine Fish Larvae and Crustaceans....Pages 149-162
Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Produced Water....Pages 163-175
Delineation of Benthic Impact and Recovery at Two Produced Water Discharge Sites in Inshore Louisiana....Pages 177-194
The Effects of Produced Water on Hydrocarbon Levels and on P4501A Monooxygenase Activity in Fish Larvae in the Northern North Sea....Pages 195-210
Front Matter....Pages 211-211
Session Summary....Pages 213-214
Dispersion Modeling Perspectives on the Environmental Fate of Produced Water Discharges....Pages 215-224
Front Matter....Pages 211-211
Development and Appraisal of a Particle Tracking Model for the Dispersion of Produced Water Discharged From an Oil Production Platform in the North Sea....Pages 225-245
A Buoyant Jet/Plume Model for Subsea Releases....Pages 247-255
An Intercomparison Between Field Measurements and Three Different Calculation Models for Estimates of Dilution Factors....Pages 257-269
Front Matter....Pages 271-271
Session Summary for Section V....Pages 273-273
Environmental Effects of Discharge and Reinjection of Produced Water....Pages 275-288
The Role of the Supplier of Production Chemicals in Managing the Environmental Impact of Produced Water in Offshore Oil and Gas Production....Pages 289-294
An Introduction to the Charm Model....Pages 295-301
The Charm Model Used in Environmental Risk Management of Produced Water On Ula....Pages 303-316
Provann....Pages 317-330
Front Matter....Pages 331-331
Session Summary....Pages 333-334
U.S. Department of Energy Sponsored Study — Environmental and Economic Assessment of Discharges from Gulf of Mexico Region Oil and Gas Operations....Pages 335-337
Assessing the Potential for Enhanced Bio Accumulation of Heavy Metals from Produced Water Discharges to the Gulf of Mexico....Pages 339-354
An Ecological Risk Assessment for Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Produced Water Discharges to the Western Gulf of Mexico....Pages 355-366
Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials Associated with Offshore Produced Water Discharges in the Gulf Of Mexico....Pages 367-379
Distribution of Finfish Caught Near Oilfield Structures along Coastal Louisiana and Texas....Pages 381-394
Risk Assessment for Produced Water Discharges to Open Bays in Louisiana....Pages 395-409
Front Matter....Pages 411-411
Session Summary....Pages 413-414
Air Stripping Combined with Fid Detection for Oil-In-Water Analysis....Pages 415-423
Dissolved Component Removal from Oilfield Waters....Pages 425-429
Report on the Start-Up of a Unique Hydrocyclone-Based System for Treating Produced Water....Pages 431-445
Front Matter....Pages 411-411
Produced Water Reinjection (PWRI)....Pages 447-458
Down Hole Separation (DHS) Technology....Pages 459-469
Evaluation of Nf/Uf Membrane Treatment in De-Oiling Produced Water In-Situ at a Heavy-Oil Production Facility in Western Canada....Pages 471-483
Agip and the Environment....Pages 485-497
Biological Treatment Process for Removing Petroleum Hydrocarbons from Oilfield Produced Waters....Pages 499-507
Pretreatment of Oil Field and Mine Waste Waters for Reverse Osmosis....Pages 509-519
Comparison of Injectivity Prediction Models to Estimate Ula Field Injector Performance for Produced Water Reinjection....Pages 521-532
Back Matter....Pages 533-536