Proceedings of the 3rd International Seminar on Non-Ideal Compressible Fluid Dynamics for Propulsion and Power: NICFD 2020 (ERCOFTAC Series, 28)

Preface
Contents
Fundamentals
Investigating the Validity of the Fundamental Derivative in the Equilibrium and Non-equilibrium Two-Phase Expansion of MM
	1 Introduction
	2 Modelling
		2.1 Homogeneous Equilibrium Modelling
		2.2 Homogeneous Frozen-State Modelling
	3 Results
		3.1 Fundamental Derivative in Thermal Equilibrium
		3.2 Fundamental Derivative in Frozen and Thermal Equilibrium States
	4 Conclusions and Future Works
	References
Non-ideal Gas Effects on Supersonic-Nozzle Transfer Functions
	1 Linearised Quasi-One Dimensional Nozzle Flow
	2 Non-ideal Gas Model
	3 Transfer Function of a Choked Supersonic Nozzle
		3.1 Transfer Function of a Shock-Free Nozzle
		3.2 Transfer Function of a Shocked Nozzle
	4 Comparison to DNS
	5 Conclusion
	References
Formation of Rarefaction Shockwaves in Non-ideal Gases with Temperature Gradients
	1 Introduction
	2 Westervelt Equation
		2.1 Numerical Method
	3 Results
	4 Conclusions and Future Work
	References
Similarity Parameters for Non-ideal One-Dimensional Isentropic Expansions
	1 Introduction
	2 Calculation Framework
	3 Results
		3.1 Evidence of NICFD effects
		3.2 ZT as Similarity Parameter for Molecularly Complex Fluids
		3.3 Z and  along Expansions
	4 Thermal and Caloric Behaviour Similarity
	5 Conclusions
	References
Non-ideal Effects in Compressible Swirling Flows
	1 Introduction
	2 Background
	3 Technical Approach
	4 Results
		4.1 Physical Insights
		4.2 Verification
	5 Conclusions
	References
Supercritical Combustion
Generic Numerical Test Case to Understand Cryogenic Methane Combustion Dynamics
	1 Introduction
	2 Scope of Research
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Compressible Flow Solver TAU
		3.2 Cryogenic Thermodynamics
		3.3 Combustion Modeling Based on the Flamelet Approach
	4 Test Case Definition
		4.1 New Methane Mixing Test Case
		4.2 New Methane Reacting Test Case
	5 First Results
		5.1 New Methane Mixing Test Case
		5.2 New Methane Reacting Test Case
	6 Conclusions and Future Work
	References
Numerical Characterization of Premixed Methane Flames in Vitiated Atmosphere at Supercritical Conditions
	1 Introduction
	2 Scope of Research
	3 Methodology
	4 Results and Discussion
		4.1 Validation at Atmospheric Conditions
		4.2 High Pressure
		4.3 Supercritical
	5 Conclusions and Future Works
	References
Numerical Methods
Towards Subgrid-Scale Turbulence Modeling in Dense Gas Flows
	1 Introduction
	2 Analysis of SGS Terms in Dense Gas Flows
		2.1 LES: The Issue of Total Energy
		2.2 Ranking of Momentum SGS Terms Using DNS and Explicit Filtering in a Forced HIT
	3 Modeling Strategies for SGS Terms in Dense Gas Flows
		3.1 Correlation Patterns Modeling Applied to DG Flows
	4 Concluding Remarks
	References
Tolerance Optimization of Supersonic ORC Turbine Stator
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
		2.1 NICFD Case Description
		2.2 Modeling Geometric Variability
		2.3 (Robust) Optimization Framework
	3 Results
	4 Conclusions and Future Works
	References
Numerical Investigation of a Supercritical CO2 Centrifugal Compressor with an In-House Density Based Compressible CFD Solver
	1 Introduction
	2 Scope of Research
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Numerical Procedure
		3.2 Real Gas Property Tabulation
		3.3 Geometry Generation and Computational Setup
		3.4 Meanline Analysis Procedure
	4 Results
		4.1 Performance Analysis
		4.2 Internal Loss Distribution Within the Meanline Analysis
		4.3 Flow Field Analysis
	5 Conclusions and Future Works
	References
Rigs and Components
Design of a Closed-Loop Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Wind Tunnel: Numerical Modelling of Non-equilibrium Condensation in a Converging-Diverging Nozzle
	1 Introduction
	2 Thermodynamic Cycle Design
		2.1 Transcritical Refrigeration Cycle Configuration
	3 Test Section Design
		3.1 Contraction Zone
		3.2 Converging-Diverging Nozzle and Validation of the Condensation Model
	4 Conclusions and Future Works
	References
Measurement System of Small-Scale High Expansion Ratio ORC Turbine
	1 Introduction
	2 Experimental Setup
		2.1 Turbine Measurements
		2.2 Pressure Measurements Inside the Turbine Stator
	3 Conclusions and Future Works
	References
The Development of a Generic Working Fluid Approach for the Determination of Transonic Turbine Loss
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
		2.1 Thermodynamic Modelling
		2.2 Non-dimensional Parameters
		2.3 Computational Method
		2.4 Geometry Generation
	3 Results
		3.1 Thermodynamic Design Space
		3.2 Variation of Loss Coefficient with Isentropic Exponent and Compressibility Factor
	4 Conclusions
	References
Experiments and Measurement Techniques
Application of Hot-Wire Anemometry in the High Subsonic Organic Vapor Flow Regime
	Abstract
	1 Introduction and Scope of Research
	2 Experimental Setup and Procedure
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusion and Outlook
	Acknowledgments
	References
Performance of a Rotatable Cylinder Pitot Probe in High Subsonic Non-ideal Gas Flows
	Abstract
	1 Introduction and Scope of Research
	2 Gasdynamics of Pitot Probes
	3 Experimental Setup
	4 Results and Discussion
	5 Summary
	References
The Effect of Isentropic Exponent on Supersonic Turbine Wakes
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
		2.1 Experimental Setup
		2.2 Computational Method
	3 Results
		3.1 Experimental Measurements of Wakes
		3.2 Effect of Isentropic Exponent on Vane Wakes
	4 Conclusions
	References
A Novel Acoustic Resonator for Speed of Sound Measurement in Dense Organic Vapours
	1 Introduction
	2 The Organic Vapor Acoustic Resonator (OVAR)
	3 Application
		3.1 Experimental Procedure
		3.2 Post Processing Procedure
		3.3 Uncertainty Analysis
		3.4 Results
	4 Conclusion
	References
First Experiments and Commissioning of the ORCHID Nozzle Test Section
	1 Introduction
	2 Nozzle Test Section: Layout and Schlieren Measurement Procedure
	3 Schlieren Images Postprocessing and Measurement Uncertainty
	4 Experiment Versus Numerical Simulation
	5 Conclusions
	References
Author Index