Proceedings of CIRMARE 2023: Recovery, Maintenance and Rehabilitation of Buildings (Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 444)

Preface
CIRMARE 2023 Organizing Committee
Contents
Accessibility of Buildings and Urban Spaces
Analysis of Urban Mobility in the Surroundings and in the Access Areas to a Shopping Center
	1 Introduction
	2 Legal Overview of Urban Planning
		2.1 Impacts on Mobility
		2.2 Mitigation and Compensation Measures
	3 Mobility Analisys
	4 Applied Metodology
		4.1 Analysis of the Local Context of the Shopping Mall
	5 Analysis of Access to Shopping Ways
		5.1 Problems Identified for Access Using Bikes
		5.2 Problems Identified for the Access of Visually Impaired Individuals
		5.3 Problems Identified Access for People with Reduced Mobility
	6 Final Comments
	References
BIM and the Digitization of Construction
BIM-FM Integration Tools: Comparative Analysis
	1 Introduction
	2 Asset Management Systems
		2.1 Data Storage
		2.2 Websites and QR Code Integration
		2.3 COBie Document
	3 Information Extraction
		3.1 Dynamo Plugin
		3.2 Data Export
		3.3 Data Sharing
	4 Maintenance Sheets
		4.1 Navisworks Viewer
		4.2 3D PDF Document
		4.3 Virtual and Augmented Reality
	5 Comparative Analysis
	6 Conclusions
	References
A Review of the Impacts Related to Building Information Modeling Implementation in Infrastructure Projects
	1 Introduction
	2 Definitions and the State of the Art
		2.1 Infrastructure Projects
		2.2 Productivity and Technology Linkage in Infrastructure Projects
		2.3 BIM Applied to Infrastructure Design and Construction
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Flowchart for Research
		3.2 Results of Data Collection
	4 Results and Discussions
	5 Final Considerations
	References
HBIM Data Collection and Historic Evolution Identity
	1 Introduction
	2 Colleting Documents and Images
	3 Castle and Adjacent Structure
		3.1 Data Collection Procedure
		3.2 Consult of Data Collection
		3.3 Historic Evolution
		3.4 Modelling Process
	4 Conclusion
	References
BIM Model as Support for Maintenance Activities
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Approach
		2.1 BIM in the O&M Phase
		2.2 Maintenance
		2.3 Data Exchange
		2.4 Information for O&M Activities
	3 Proposed Model
		3.1 Maintenance and Maintenance Activities
		3.2 Data Exchange Between BIM Model and Maintenance Sheet
	4 Conclusion and Final Considerations
	References
Building Quality Assessment
Healing Environment: AEDET and ASPECT Assessment Systems and Instruments
	1 Introduction
	2 The Physical Environment and the Patient
		2.1 Ideal Healing Environment
	3 Systems and Assessment Tools
		3.1 Evidence-Based Healthcare Architecture
		3.2 AEDET – Achieving Excellent Design Evaluation Toolkit
		3.3 AESPECT – A Staff and Patient Environment Calibration Tool
	4 Case Study: The Oncology Unit of the University Hospital of Brasília
		4.1 Research Project
		4.2 Methodology Used
		4.3 Results
		4.4 Conclusions
	5 Final Considerations
	References
An Evaluation of the Asset Condition of Buildings: A Case Study in UFRJ\'s Built Park
	1 Introduction
	2 Contextualization
		2.1 Public Real Estate Asset Management
		2.2 Urban Rehabilitation
		2.3 Building Inspection
	3 Characterization of the Research Application
	4 Characterization of the REAB-IFES Method
		4.1 Calculation of the Rehabilitation Index
	5 Aplication of REAB-IFES in UFRJ
		5.1 Data Collection
		5.2 Results
	6 Proposal for a Routine of Timely Mapping and Registration of Data on the Asset Status of Real Estate
		6.1 Stages of the Assessment Routine
		6.2 Proposed Schedule and Flowchart
	7 Final Considerations
	References
Energy-Saving Optimization Analysis of the Perimeter Structure of a Lakefront Residence in Soochow, China
	1 Introduction
	2 Test Object
	3 Test of Heat Transfer Coefficient of Wall
		3.1 Test Scheme
		3.2 Analysis of Results
	4 Indoor Thermal Environment Test
		4.1 Test Scheme
		4.2 Temperature Analysis
		4.3 Humidity Analysis
		4.4 Summary
	5 Simulation Analysis of Energy-Saving Transformation
		5.1 Modeling and Parameter Setting
		5.2 Analysis of the Transformation Scheme
		5.3 Economic Analysis
	6 Evaluation of the Energy-Saving Effect
		6.1 Thermal Environment and Load Analysis
	7 Conclusion
	References
Complex Framework for Condition Assessment of Residential Buildings
	1 Introduction
	2 System Structure
	3 Set Up of the Project Info
		3.1 Task Data
		3.2 Basic Data
	4 Set up of the Knowlegde Base
		4.1 Objective Knowledge Base
		4.2 Subjective Knowledge Base
		4.3 Boundary Condition
	5 Set Up of the Preparatory Work Process
		5.1 Static Calculations
		5.2 Rule Base
		5.3 The Credibility Factor
	6 The Applied Fuzzy System
		6.1 An Introduction to Fuzzy Sets and Fuzzy Signatures
		6.2 Fuzzy Signature Structure of the Proposed Model
	7 Conclusion
	References
Case Studies in Recovery, Maintenance and Rehabilitation
Comparative Analysis of Thermal Behaviour in Heritage in Different Seasons. The Royal Hospital of Granada
	1 Introduction
	2 Case of Study
		2.1 Areas of Study and Constructive Characterization
		2.2 Climatological Study
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Thermographic Study
		3.2 Energy Simulation. Numerical Study
	4 Results
		4.1 Longitudinal Gradient and Distribution of Isotherms
		4.2 Climate Analysis and Simulation Results
	5 Conclusions
	References
The State of Urban Rehabilitation in Funchal City – Analysis of Collected Data – Part I
	1 State of the Art of Urban Rehabilitation in the Autonomous Region of Madeira, in Comparison to New Construction and Expansion of Existing Structures
	2 Local Programs to Promote Urban Rehabilitation
	3 The Data Base
	4 Selected Practical Cases
	5 General Conclusions
	References
The State of Urban Rehabilitation in Funchal City – Analysis of Collected Data – Part II
	1 State of the Art of Rehabilitation of Regional Public Built Heritage
	2 The Data Base
	3 Selected Case – Rehabilitation of Quinta Magnólia, Including Outdoor Spaces
	4 General Conclusions
	Annexes
	References
Pathologies and Rehabilitation of Eclectic Buildings: The Case of Avenida Modelo
	1 Introduction
	2 Eclectic Architecture in Brazil
	3 Case Study: Avenida Modelo
		3.1 History
		3.2 Diagnosis
		3.3 Propositional Actions for Consolidation of the Facade
	4 Proposal for Rehabilitation of the Architectural Ensemble of Avenida Modelo
	5 Final Considerations
	References
Rehabilitating 3 × 3 Schools: The Paradigm of a Typified Case
	1 Introduction
	2 Consolidation of the Pavilion Strategy
		2.1 Programa Especial de Execução de Escolas Preparatórias e Secundárias (Special Program of Execution Os Preparatory and Secondary Schools)
		2.2 3 × 3 School
	3 A Rehabilitation Operation
		3.1 PMEES
		3.2 Interventions
	4 Reabilitate?
		4.1 About the Challenge
		4.2 About Pedagogy
	5 Final Considerations
	References
Restoring History: The Revitalization of a Chapel
	1 Introduction
	2 Caracterization of the Construction System of the Chapel
		2.1 Materials
		2.2 State of Conservation
	3 Rehabilitation Works
	4 Final Considerations
	References
Rocha Do Conde De Óbidos Maritime Station: Preliminary Results of the Inspection
	1 Introduction
	2 Rocha Do Conde De Óbidos Maritime Station
	3 Historical Survey
	4 On-Site Survey
	5 Discussion and Recommendations
	6 Conclusions
	Referências
Systematization of the Evaluation of Building Envelope Conditions in Residential Multi-family Buildings from the Perspective of Integrated Rehabilitation - Practical Cases
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology for Assessing the Envelope of Current Buildings Under Condominium Regime.
		2.1 Preliminary Assessment System
		2.2 Detailed Process System
	3 Practical Case: Assessment of Building Envelope Conditions in a Condominium Building
		3.1 General Framework
		3.2 General Description
		3.3 Objectives Definition
		3.4 Preliminary Evaluation and Report
		3.5 Detailed Process
	4 Final Remarks
	References
Circular Economy in the Construction Sector
Earthquake Generated Construction and Demolition Waste
	1 Introduction
	2 Waste Quantities
	3 Case Study Descriptions
		3.1 Friuli Earthquake, Italy, May 1976
		3.2 L’Aquila Earthquake, Italy, April 2009
		3.3 Emilia Earthquake, Italy, May 2012
		3.4 Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake, Japan, January 1995
		3.5 Wenchuan Earthquake, China, May 2008
		3.6 Great East Japan Earthquake, March 2011
		3.7 Kumamoto Earthquake, Japan, April 2016
		3.8 Christchurch Earthquakes, New Zealand, September 2010 and February 2011
		3.9 Gorkha Earthquake, Nepal, April 2015
		3.10 Other Case Studies
	4 Recycling
	5 Conclusions
	References
Thermal Expansion/Energy Storage Characteristics of EAF-Slag Mortars for Passive Solar Energy
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methodology
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusions
	References
Housing, Occupant Comfort and Health
Assessment of the Impact of the Urban Environment on the Emotional State of Citizens
	1 Introduction
	2 Statement of the Problem and the Main Hypothesis
	3 Technical Means of Obtaining Information and the Structure of the Obtained Data
	4 Statistical Means of Processing Measurement Results
	5 The Main Results for the City of Moscow
	6 Conclusions
	7 Future Works
	References
Experimental Evaluation of a Social Housing Dwelling Under Extreme Heat Climate Conditions
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
	3 Results
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusions
	References
Qualitative Evaluation of Occupancy Influence in Social Housing Dwellings
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
	3 Results
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusions
	References
Study of a Thermally Enhanced Light Steel Framing Building Incorporating Phase Change Materials Towards Passive Thermal Comfort
	1 Introduction
	2 Case Study and Monitoring Procedure
		2.1 Real Scale Light Steel Framing Buildings
		2.2 Climate Classification
		2.3 Materials and Constructive Solutions
		2.4 Monitoring Campaign
	3 Results and Discussion
		3.1 Evaluation and Comparison of the Indoor Air Temperature Profiles
		3.2 Comparative Analysis Between Inner Surface Temperature Profiles
		3.3 Determination and Comparison of the Operative Temperatures
	4 Conclusions
	References
Interventions in Historical and Cultural Heritage
Ambient Vibration Test of the Monastery of Salzedas and Optimisation of the Sensor Placement
	1 Introduction
	2 Optimal Sensor Placement
	3 Monastery of Santa Maria de Salzedas
	4 Dynamic Identification
	5 Optimisation Through the EfI Method
	6 Conclusions
	References
An Approach to Industrial Heritage and Singular Values: The Schindler\'s Ark Case Study
	1 Introduction (Widening The Multilayer Meanings of Industrial Heritage and Values)
	2 Schindler’s Ark Case Study (Brněnec). Materializing a Symbol
	3 A Target: To Upcycle the Industrial Heritage
	4 Conclusions
	References
Augmented Reality as a Tool for Heritage Education and Valuation of Historical Heritage
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
	3 Historical Buildings: The Case of The Former City’s Bus Station
	4 Augmented Reality Applied to Historical Heritage
	5 Final Considerations
	References
Carlo Ceschi and the Restoration of the Church of Santo Stefano Rotondo in Rome
	1 Introduction
	2 The Architect Carlo Ceschi
	3 The Church of Santo Stefano Rotondo
	4 Carlo Ceschi and the Restoration of the Church of Santo Stefano Rotondo
	5 Final Considerations
	References
Evaluation and Correlation of the Mechanical Characteristics Using Non-Destructive (NDT) and Destructive Techniques in Macael Marble
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
		2.1 Materials
		2.2 Methodology
	3 Results
		3.1 Non-destructive and Destructive Testing
		3.2 Correlation Results
	4 Conclusions
	References
Removable/Reversible Solutions for the FRP-Confinement of Historical Masonry Columns
	1 Introduction
	2 Proposed Techniques for the Reversible FRP-Confinement
		2.1 Interposition of a Separating Film (ISF)
		2.2 Liquid Adhesion Inhibitor (LAI)
	3 Experimental Tests
		3.1 Specimens’ Preparation and Set-Up
		3.2 Confinement Effect
		3.3 Removability Check
	4 Conclusions
	References
Riomanzanas Village as Part of the Landscape of Meseta Ibérica
	1 Introduction
	2 Riomanzanas Village
	3 Some Examples of Vernacular Buildings of Riomanzanas Village
	4 Maps of the Building Type, Utilisation Type and Conservation Stage
		4.1 Building Type
		4.2 Utilisation Type
		4.3 Conservation Stage
	5 Relevant Building Details
	6 Conclusions
	References
Maintenance and Requalification of Built Spaces
Old Areas: Protection and Conservation for the Evaluation of the Cultural Landscape of Muriaé, Brazil
	1 Introduction
	2 Identification of Areas with Cultural Value
		2.1 Location and Context
		2.2 Delimitation of the Landscape Cultural Area
		2.3 The Old Buildings and Heritage at the Center Area
	3 Conceptual Proposal
	4 Final Considerations
	References
Buildings Maintenance and Retrofits in Brazil: Discussions About the Use of Innovative Wall Systems
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Renovation and Retrofit: Definitions and Recommendations
	2 Methodology
	3 Literature Review
		3.1 Analysis of Weight-Related Technical Requirements
		3.2 Innovative Components and Wall Systems
		3.3 Systems Comparison
	4 Conclusions
	References
Life Cycle Costing Analysis: Implementation in Buildings in the Phase of Use – Systematic Review
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
	3 Methods, Objects of Study, Challenges, and Barriers
		3.1 Objects of Study
		3.2 Related Approaches in LCCA Research
		3.3 Barriers and Challenges
	4 Discussion and Conclusion
	References
Maintenance Management Systems: A Perspective on Their Need Based on a Bibliometric Analysis
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
		2.1 Concept of Maintenance and Maintenance Management
	3 Methodology
	4 Bibliometric Analysis
		4.1 Scopus Database Analysis
		4.2 Analysis of the Web of Science Database
		4.3 Need for Characterization
	5 Evidence
	6 Conclusions
	References
Maintenance Plan in the Conservation of the National Library of Portugal
	1 Introduction
	2 Work Objective
	3 Adopted Methodology
	4 Methodology
	5 Maintenance Plan
		5.1 Building Data
		5.2 Inspection Sheets-Type
		5.3 Inspection Reports
		5.4 Maintenance Plan
		5.5 Assessment of the State of Conservation
	6 Conclusions
	References
Towards Health and Comfort: Architectural Design and Indoor Air Quality in Naturally Ventilated Classrooms
	1 Introduction
	2 Methods
		2.1 Air Renovation Calculation
	3 Results
		3.1 Database Description
		3.2 Air Quality and Thermal Comfort in Classrooms
	4 Final Considerations
	References
Recovery of Degraded Urban Areas
Analysis of the Variation of Rio de Janeiro City Resilience in Different Scenarios
	1 Introduction
	2 Building Resilient Cities
		2.1 Measuring Resilience
	3 Methodology and Calculation Development
	4 Results
	5 Discussion
	6 Final Comments
	Appendix A
	Scenario 1
	Scenario 2
	Scenario 3
	Scenario 4
	References
Green Infrastructures Driven to Tackle Sustainable Development Goals into European Urban Areas
	1 Introduction
	2 Urban Nature-Based Solutions
		2.1 Neighbourhood or Site Specific NbS
		2.2 Green Roofs and Green Walls
	3 European Green Deal and UN 2030 Agenda
		3.1 Resilience
		3.2 Inclusive Urban Spaces
		3.3 Cleaner, Greener Cities
	4 Conclusions
	References
Service Life and Pathologies in Buildings
Inspection and Diagnosis of Bond Strength Loss in Ceramic Coatings on Building facades: A Case Study in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
		2.1 Characterization of the Study Site
		2.2 Initial Inspection
		2.3 Tests
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusions
	References
Methodology for Quantification of Staining in Historical Facades
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
		2.1 Characterization of the Case Study City
		2.2 Buildings Facades Sampling
		2.3 Methodology for Stain Quantification
	3 Results
	4 Final Considerations
	References
Surveying Outdoor Timber Walkways and Pedestrian Bridges – Case Studies
	1 Introduction
	2 Properties and Pathology of Outdoor Timber Structures
		2.1 Timber Characteristics
		2.2 Pathology Related to the Environment
	3 Case Studies - Methodology
	4 Analysis of Case Studies and Discussion of Results
		4.1 Case Study A: Timber Pedestrian Bridge in Lisbon
		4.2 Case Study B - Walkway in a Beach Close to Sintra
		4.3 Interpreting the Results
	5 Final Considerations
	References
Sustainability of Buildings
BIM and Experimental Design Analysis Toward Sustainable Energy Efficiency in Buildings: A Modular Construction Case Study
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
		2.1 Data Inventory
		2.2 Data Analysis
		2.3 Decision-Making Process
	3 Case Study
	4 Results and Discussions
	5 Conclusions
	References
Buildings Sustainability Certifications and the Common European Framework Level(s)
	1 Introduction
	2 Environmental Certification Systems in the AEC Sector
		2.1 LEED
		2.2 BREEAM
	3 The Common Framework Level(s)
	4 Comparative Analysis
	5 Conclusions and Final Considerations
	References
Technical and Economic Feasibility Study of Greywater Reuse System Using the Bim Methodology
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
		2.1 Greywater Reuse
		2.2 Greywater Treatment
		2.3 BIM Modeling
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Theoretical Background
		3.2 Building Features
		3.3 Calculation Routine
	4 Results and Discussions
		4.1 Water Consumption and Demand
		4.2 Materials and Labour Budget
		4.3 Operation and Maintenance Budget
		4.4 Financial Viability Study
	5 Final Considerations
	References
Life Cycle Environmental Impact Assessment of a Social Interest Housing Unit: Strategies for Constructive Systems Decision-Making
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
	3 Results and Discussions
		3.1 Initial and Recurring Embedded Impacts of the Wall System
		3.2 Strategies for Project Decision-Making
	4 Final Considerations
	References
Operational Building Management: Key Aspects in the Pursuit of Greater Efficiency and Sustainability
	1 Framework
	2 Key Drivers for a Sustainable Transition in Existing Buildings
		2.1 Water
		2.2 Energy
		2.3 Materials
		2.4 Waste and Recycling
		2.5 Environment and Comfort
	3 Conclusions
	References
Analysis of Individualized Water Metering and Its Impact on Water Consumption in a Residential Building
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
	3 Results
	4 Conclusion
	References
Sustainable Vernacular Architecture to Improve Thermal Comfort in African Countries
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
	3 Results and Discussion
		3.1 Bioclimatic Design in African Countries
		3.2 Passive Solar Cooling and Heating Systems
		3.3 Thermal Comfort in Vernacular Architecture
		3.4 Challenges in Implementing Sustainable Vernacular Architecture in African Countries
		3.5 Opportunities for Improving Sustainable Vernacular Architecture in African Countries
		3.6 Strategies for Overcoming Challenges and Maximizing Opportunities in Sustainable Vernacular Architecture
	4 Conclusions and Recommendations
	References
The State of the Sustainability Factor for Construction Procurement: The Case of Portugal
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
	3 Results
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusion and Recommendations
	References
Technological Updating of Constructions
An Overview of ‘Intelligent’ and ‘Smart’ Approaches in the Context of Buildings
	1 Introduction
	2 The ‘Intelligent’ Approaches
		2.1 Artificial Intelligence (AI), Materials (IM) and Buildings (IB)
		2.2 Aspects of Intelligent Management, Maintenance and Systems
	3 The ‘Smart’ Approaches
		3.1 ‘Smart’ Goes Viral
		3.2 Smart Technologies (ST) and Systems (SS)
		3.3 Smart Sensors (SSe) and Materials (SMa)
		3.4 Smart Infrastructures (SI) and Environments (SE)
		3.5 Smart Homes (SH), Buildings (SB) and Cities (SC)
		3.6 Smart Facilities Management (SFM) and Maintenance (SM)
	4 Summary of Each Approach
	5 Conclusion
	References
Mag Welding of High-Strength Civil Constructions
	1 Introduction
	2 Experimental Procedure
		2.1 Materials Used for Research
		2.2 Experimental Configuration
	3 Results and Discusion
	4 Final Considerations
	References
Urban Infrastructure Rehabilitation
Urban Resilience Concerning Mobility in Downtown Rio de Janeiro - Brazil
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
	3 Results and Discussion
		3.1 Strengths
		3.2 Challenges
		3.3 Proposals and Recommendations for Potential Improvements
	4 Conclusions
	References
Urban Planning - Innovation and Inclusion
Social Acceptance of Urban Spaces Rehabilitation in a Climate Change Adaptation and Biodiversity Framework
	1 Introduction
		1.1 The Present Study
	2 Methodology
		2.1 Arts and Design Approach
		2.2 Chemistry, Biology and Geography Approach
		2.3 Psychology Approach
	3 Results
	4 Conclusions and Final Considerations
	Annex
	References
Author Index