Plumbing: Mechanical Services: Book 1

Cover
Plumbing:Mechanical Services
Contents
Foreword
Preface to the fifth edition
Safety on site and in the workshop
	Health and safety at work (HSW Act)
	Accident reporting
	Disciplinary procedures
	Grievance procedures
	General safety requirements on site
	First-aid procedures
	Accidents on site
	Health and safety when working near lift shafts and in excavations
	Electric power tools and temporary lighting
	General site safety
	Safety signs
	Toxic and dangerous substances and materials
	Safety with compressed gases and blowlamps
	Lifting and handling materials
	Levers
	Pulleys
	Slings
	Further reading
	Self-testing questions
Hand tools
	Introduction
	Classification of hand tools
	Tools for laying and fixing sheet roof materials
	Pipework-jointing tools
	Pipe-bending tools
	Tools for fitting and fixing pipework
	Miscellaneous tools
	Care and maintenance of tools
	Further reading
	Self-testing questions
Mechanical and special tools
	Gas heating equipment used by the plumber
	Machine tools used in plumbers’ workshops
	Socket- and branch-forming tools
	Electrical methods of soldering
	Drain and discharge pipe cleaners
	Freezing equipment for water services
	Power cleaning pumps
	Radial press jointing tools
	Further reading
	Self-testing questions
Materials and fittings for gas, water services and sanitary pipework
	Introduction
	Standards and legislation relating to the construction industry
	Working properties of materials
	Pipework materials
	Joints and fittings
	Cast iron
	Synthetic plastics
	Plastics commonly used for water services and sanitary pipework
	Jointing materials
	Corrosion
	Protection of materials against corrosion
	Flow characteristics of pipe materials
	Pipework fixings
	Water storage vessels
	Hot water storage vessels
	Storage calculations
	Further reading
	Self-testing questions
Working processes
	The Building Regulations
	Materials and work
	Drawings
	Using a scale rule
	Connections to existing lead pipe
	Soft-soldered joints – general principles
	Jointing copper tube
	Jointing steel pipe
	Jointing synthetic plastics
	Pipe bending
	Bending by hand
	Bending by machine
	Machine-bending processes
	Steel pipe bending
	Tapping and threading
	Soft soldering
	Further reading
	Self-testing questions
Taps and valves
	Taps and valves – general requirements
	Rewashering and maintenance of taps
	Float-operated valves
	Further reading
	Self-testing questions
The cold water supply
	The supply of water
	Approved plumber scheme
	Sources of water supply
	Characteristics and physical properties of water
	Water treatment
	Pressure in pipes and fittings
	Water supplies to consumers
	Cold water supply systems in buildings
	Pipe runs
	Protection from frost damage
	Cold water storage
	Water conservation
	Further reading
	Self-testing questions
The hot water supply
	Heat
	Expansion of hot water and heating pipes
	Transfer of heat
	Energy-efficient heating and hot water systems
	Boilers
	Installation
	Domestic hot water pipework systems
	Indirect systems of hot water supply
	Hot water systems with a secondary circulation
	Defects in hot water systems
	Prevention of heat loss
	Characteristics of good insulating materials
	Insulation of hot storage vessels and cisterns
	Further reading
	Self-testing questions
Sanitary appliances
	Materials for sanitary appliances
	Storage of sanitary appliances on site
	Sanitary appliances
	Overflows to sanitary fittings
	Waste fittings
	Brackets and supports for sanitary fittings
	Further reading
	Self-testing questions
Sanitary pipework
	Introduction
	Traps
	Discharge pipework systems
	Seal loss due to bad design
	WC connections to discharge pipe systems
	Cross flow
	Ground floor appliances
	Termination of vent pipes
	Access points
	Branch discharge pipe connections
	Mechanical waste-disposal units
	Washing machines and dishwashing equipment
	Further reading
	Self-testing questions
Lead sheet weatherings
	Introduction
	Methods of working
	Physical properties of lead
	Roofing terms
	Jointing methods
	Fixing methods
	Forming roofing details
	Damp-proof courses
	Simple external weatherings
	Weathering small canopies and flat roofs
	Valley gutters
	Tilting fillets
	Roofing calculations
	Further reading
	Self-testing questions
Eaves gutters
	Introduction
	Materials for eaves gutters
	Methods of cutting, jointing and fixing gutters
	Forming and fixing
	Sizing rainwater gutters
	Setting out gutter falls
	Falls in gutters
	Rainwater pipes for eaves gutters
	Rainwater conservation
	Rainwater collection in buildings having large areas of flat roof
	Rainwater collection from large areas of pitched roof
	Inspection of gutters
	Testing
	Maintenance
	Further reading
	Self-testing questions
Appendix A: Assignments
Appendix B: National Vocational Qualifications
Appendix C: Standard symbols formerly recommended by BS 1192 for piped and ducted services
Appendix D: Colour coding of pipelines
Appendix E: Useful contacts relating to heating and hot water efficiencies, courses and information
Index