Outlooking beyond Nanoelectronics and Nanosystems: Ultra Scaling, Pervasiveness, Sustainable Integration, and Biotic Cross-Inspiration

Cover
Half Title
Series Page
Title Page
Copyright Page
Table of Contents
Preface
Acknowledgements
Introduction: Technology as a Science Intensive Enabling Social Tool
	I.1: From Stone Tools to High Abstraction Levels
	I.2: The Silicon Age, Its Marvels and Benefits Thanks to MOSFET and Integrated Circuits Technology
	I.3: New Way of Life, Sustainability, and Ethics
	I.4: Getting Off the Beaten Tracks Toward Technology and Nanosystem Innovation
	I.5: Artificial, Inspired by Nature or Hybridized Systems and Their Relevance
	I.6: The Fifth Volume of the Jenny Stanford Series on Intelligent Nanosystems
Part I: Nanoelectronics, Nanosystems, and Sustainability
	Chapter 1: Past and Future of Integrated Circuit Technologies
		1.1: Introduction
		1.2: Pre-History Transistor/LSI Development
		1.3: From the Idea of MOSFET to Real Device
		1.4: MOSFET to LSI
		1.5: Limit of Device Miniaturization
		1.6: Miniaturization Limit by Power Consumption Increase
		1.7: Miniaturization Limit by Leakage Current
			1.7.1: Punch-Through Current
			1.7.2: Direct-Tunneling Current
			1.7.3: Subthreshold Leakage Current
			1.7.4: Gate Insulator Leakage Current
		1.8: Miniaturization Limit by Other Reasons
		1.9: Future Prediction by IRDS 2022
		1.10: Long-Term Future
		1.11: Conclusions
	Chapter 2: Towards Life Cycle Thinking and Judicious Ecodesign for the Internet of Things (IoT) : Current Practices and Perspectives
		2.1: Context and Introduction
			2.1.1: The IoT: A Wide Ecosystem with Several Layers of Abstraction
			2.1.2: Positive and Negative Effects of IoT
				2.1.2.1: Direct effects in the producion phase
				2.1.2.2: Direct effects in the use phas
				2.1.2.3: Direct effects in the end-of-life phase
			2.1.3: Structure of this Chapter
		2.2: Challenges of Ecodesign
			2.2.1: Product Design Process (PDP) and Ecodesign
			2.2.2: Ecodesign Tools
		2.3: Fundamentals of Life Cycle Assessment
			2.3.1: LCA Methodology
			2.3.2: LCA for IoT: Overview of Existing Tools
		2.4: Illustrate LCA and Ecodesign in Several Layers of the IoT Ecosystem Through Specific Examples
			2.4.1: Customer Requirements and Application Layer
			2.4.2: Ecodesign Actions in Mutualized Infrastructure
			2.4.3: Ecodesign Actions in IoT, Local Area Networks
			2.4.4: Ecodesign Actions in the IoT Product and Devices
			2.4.5: Environmental Considerations in the Manufacturing of IoT Devices
			2.4.6: Supply Chain Considerations in LCA for IoT Devices
			2.4.7: Limitations
		2.5: Conclusions
		2.6: Perspectives and Further Work
Part II: Off the Beaten Tracks for Future Pervasive Nanosystems Technology
	Chapter 3: Helium-Ion Microscopy and Its Applications in Nanoscale Devices
		3.1: Helium-Ion Microscope Instrumentation
			3.1.1: Gas Field Ion Source
				3.1.1.1: A short history of focused ion beam sources
				3.1.1.2: Gas field ion source
			3.1.2: Ion Opticsm
			3.1.3: Detectors
				3.1.3.1: Secondary electron imaging
				3.1.3.2: Backscattered ion imaging
				3.1.3.3: Rutherford backscattering in HIM
				3.1.3.4: Secondary ion mass spectroscopy in HIM
				3.1.3.5: Ion luminescence (IL) in HIM
				3.1.3.6: Scanning transmission ion microscopy in HIM
			3.1.4: Other Instrumentation and Accessories
				3.1.4.1: Vacuum system
				3.1.4.2: Cryosystem
				3.1.4.3: Vibration isolation
			3.1.5: Other Addons in HIM
				3.1.5.1: Charge compensation
				3.1.5.2: Gas injection system
				3.1.5.3: Heating & cooling
				3.1.5.4: Atomic force microscopy
				3.1.5.5: Others
		3.2: Graphene Nanostructure Devices with a Prospective Fabrication Tool – Helium-Ion Beams
			3.2.1: Sub-10 nm Graphene Nanoribbon
				3.2.1.1: Nano-fabrication processes
				3.2.1.2: Sub-10 nm graphene nanoribbon functional device
			3.2.2: Sub-10 nm Graphene Nanomesh
				3.2.2.1: Nano-fabrication processes
				3.2.2.2: Applications in electronic engineering: Activation energy tuning
				3.2.2.3: Application in phonon engineering: Thermal rectification
		3.3: Defect Engineering of Graphene for Carrier Conduction Control
			3.3.1: Effect of Helium-Ion Irradiation on Carrier Transport in Graphene
			3.3.2: Carrier Localization in Helium-Ion-Irradiated Graphene
			3.3.3: Application of Defective Graphene to Transistors
		3.4: Superconducting Oxide Nano Electronics Directly Written with a Focused Helium-Ion Beam
			3.4.1: Introduction to Superconductive Electronics
			3.4.2: High-Transition Temperature Oxide Superconductors
			3.4.3: Focused Helium-Ion Beam Direct-Write Patterning of Superconductors
			3.4.4: Focused Helium-Ion Beam Josephson Junctions
				3.4.4.1: Nanowire Josephson junctions
				3.4.4.2: Helium-ion beam fabrication of passive components
			3.4.5: Applications
				3.4.5.1: Superconducting quantum interference devices
				3.4.5.2: Digital electronics
				3.4.5.3: Large-scale Josephson junction array
	Chapter 4: Diamond Quantum Sensors Based on Spin-Qubit of NV Centers
		4.1: Introduction
		4.2: Physical Properties and Materials
			4.2.1: Physical Properties of the NV Center in Diamond and Quantum Sensing Using NV Centers
			4.2.2: Formaton of NV Centers in Diamond for Quantum Sensors
		4.3: Diamond Quantum Sensors and Applications
			4.3.1: Millimeter-Scale Magnetocardiography of Living Rats
			4.3.2: High-Precision Simultaneous Monitoring of Current and Temperature of Electric Vehicle Batteries
			4.3.3: Wide Temperature Operation of Diamond Quantum Sensor
			4.3.4: Internal Sensing in Power Devices
				4.3.4.1: Internal electric-field sensing in diamond power devices
				4.3.4.2: Internal temperature sensing in 4H-SiC power devices
		4.4: Conclusion
	Chapter 5: Thin-Film Batteries and Pervasion to Unconventional Applications
		5.1: Introduction
		5.2: Thin-Film Batteries and Key Features
			5.2.1: TFB Description
			5.2.2: Key Features
		5.3: Toward More Functions for Thin-Film Batteries
			5.3.1: Ionotronics and Energy Storage: A General Trend
			5.3.2: In-Memory Energy Concept: Dual Energy/Information Storage
		5.4: Conclusions
Part III:  Inspirations from Nature and Unifying Concepts for Future (Beyond) Technologies
	Chapter 6: Memristor, Neuron, and Edge of Chaos Kernel
		6.1: Introduction
			6.1.1: Galvani’s 242-Year-Old Enigma
			6.1.2: Hodgkin–Huxley’s Blunder
		6.2: Chua’s Riddle
			6.2.1: Resolution of Chua’s Riddle
			6.2.2: Circuit-Theoretic Properties of Chua’s Riddle Circuit
			6.2.3: Edge of Chaos Kernel
		6.3: Hodgkin–Huxley’s Mistaken Identity: Their Erroneous Time-Varying Conductance Are Time-Invariant Memristors
			6.3.1: Potassium Time-Varying Conductance Is Not a Resistor but a Time-Invariant Memristor
			6.3.2: Sodium Time-Varying Conductance Is Not a Resistor but a Time-Invariant Memristor
			6.3.3: Hodgkin–Huxley Circuit Model Is Made of Memristors Blessed with an Edge of Chaos Kernel
			6.3.4: Life Is Impossible Without Edge of Chaos Kernel
				6.3.4.1: Memristor model of the heart’s Purkinje fibers harbors an Edge of Chaos Kernel
				6.3.4.2: Two-memristor model of the Balanus Nubilus Harbors two Edge of Chaos Kernels
				6.3.4.3: One-memristor model of the Balanus Nubilus Harbors only one Edge of Chaos Kernel
				6.3.4.4: The Chua corsage memristor: Simplest electronic device blessed with an Edge of Chaos Kernel
		6.4: Galvani’s 242-Year-Old “All-Or-None” Enigma Finally Resolved
			6.4.1: Apocalypse Via Vector Field Metamorphosis
			6.4.2: From All to None Gently
	Chapter 7: Nanostructured Systems Based on the Approach of Biological Engineering
		7.1: Nanostructured Systems
			7.1.1: Nanostructured Systems for Biomedical and Biological Applications
			7.1.2: Role of Biological Engineering in the Assembly of Smart Nanostructured Systems
		7.2: Naturally Smart Nanostructured Systems  in Biology
		7.3: Biological Engineering of Smart Nanostructured Systems
			7.3.1: Genetic Manipulations to Transform the Function of Cells to Achieve Therapeutic Benefits
				7.3.1.1: Biological control of insulin section in pancreatic β cells
				7.3.1.2: Genetic engineering of an “artificial β cell”
			7.3.2: Ion Transport Proteins Are the Smart Components for Nanostructured Systems
			7.3.3: Biological Engineering of Systems to Provide Power
			7.3.4: Can a Biofuel Cell be Defined as a Symbiotic Medical Device “Symbio-Bot”?
		7.4: Overcoming Constraints to Allow Nanostructured Systems to Function in the Body
			7.4.1: Why Does This “Symbio-Bot” Vision Propose a Transformation of the Paradigm for Medical Devices and Health?
			7.4.2: What Benefit Would This Shift in Paradigm Have for the Development of Symbiotic Medical Devices?
			7.4.3: What Benefit Would This Shift in Paradigm Have for Socio-Ethics Issues?
			7.4.4: What Is the Position of “Symbio-Bots” Within the Industrial, Healthcare, and Medical Device Framework in Europe?
		7.5: Concluding Remarks
Index