Occupational Therapy in Mental Health: A Vision for Participation

Inside Front Cover
Title Page
Copyright
Dedication
Foreword
Contributors
Preface
Contributors
Reviewers
Acknowledgments
Brief Contents
Contents
	PART 1 Foundations
	Chapter 1 Recovery
		Definitions of Recovery
		The Lived Experience
		Exploring the Dimensions of Recovery
		Occupational Therapy and Recovery
		Recovery as a Change Agent: Transforming Systems of Care
	Chapter 2 The Unfolding History of Occupational Therapy in Mental Health
		Early Historical Influences: How Occupational Therapy Came to Be Concerned About Humane Treatment and Engagement in Occupations
		The Founding of Occupational Therapy: How Our Founders Fostered a Profession Steeped in Occupation as Therapy
		Difficult Times: The Decline of Occupational Therapy Practitioners in Mental Health Settings in the United States
		Contemporary Practice: Reasons to Remain Optimistic About the Role of Occupational Therapy in Mental Health Practice
		Mental Health Practice Still Strong in Other Parts of the World
		Future Opportunities: Occupational Therapy’s Distinct Value on Mental Health and Well-Being
	Chapter 3 Person-EnvironmentOccupation Model
		Development of the PEO Model
		Description of the PEO Model
		Occupational Performance
		Person-Environment-Occupation Fit
		The PEO Model in Occupational Therapy Mental Health Practice
		Analyzing Occupational Performance
		Integrating PEO Into the Occupational Therapy Process
		Criticisms of the PEO Model and Counter Strategies
		Application of the PEO Model
	Chapter 4 Person-Centered Evaluation
		Purpose of Evaluation
		Evaluation as a Process
		Applying Therapeutic Reasoning During the Evaluation Process
		Validate Therapeutic Reasoning
		Using Practice Models
		Assessment Methods
	Chapter 5 Evidence-Based Practice in Mental Health
		What Is Evidence-Based Practice?
		The Process of Using Research in Practice
		Types of Research Evidence
		Resources for Accessing Research in Occupational Therapy and Mental Health
		Recommendations for Increasing Research in Occupational Therapy
		Recovery-Oriented Practice: Rethinking the Person
PART 2 The Person
	SECTION 1 Introduction
		Chapter 6 Introduction to the Person
			Evolution of the
			Addressing Symptoms and Diagnosis
			Identifying Performance Skills
			Recognizing the Individual Nature of Performance Skills
			Appreciating the Lived Experience
	SECTION 2 Diagnosis
		Chapter 7 Autism
			Description of the Condition
			Etiology
			Prevalence and Course
			Gender Differences
			Culture-Specific Information
			Impact on Occupational Performance
			Intervention
			Medications
		Chapter 8 Intellectual Disabilities
			Description of the Condition
			Etiology
			Prevalence and Course
			Culture-Specific Information
			Impact on Occupational Performance
			Intervention
		Chapter 9 Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder
			Description of the Condition
			Prevalence
			Impact on Occupational Performance
			Etiology
			Intervention
		Chapter 10 Disruptive, Impulse-Control, and Conduct Disorders
			Description of the Conditions
			Etiology
			Prevalence
			Gender Considerations
			Cultural Considerations
			Impact on Occupational Performance
			Course
			Role of Occupational Therapy
			Intervention
			Medications
		Chapter 11 Eating Disorders
			Description of Eating Disorders
			Etiology
			Gender Differences
			Cultural Differences
			Impact of Eating Disorders on Occupational Participation
			Areas of Occupational Performance Impacted by Eating Disorders
		Chapter 12 Personality Disorders
			Personality
			Personality Disorders
			Etiology
			Prevalence
			Culture-Specific Information
			Impact on Occupational Performance
			Course
			Gender Differences
			Treatment
			Role of Occupational Therapy
		Chapter 13 Mood Disorders
			Description of the Condition
			Etiology
			Course
			Prevalence
			Genderand Culture-Specific Information
			Impact on Occupational Performance
			Intervention
		Chapter 14 Anxiety, Obsessive-Compulsive, and Related Disorders
			Description of the Condition
			Anxiety Disorders
			Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders
			Etiology
			Culture-Specific Information
			Prevalence
			Gender Differences
			Impact on Occupational Performance
			Course
			Intervention
		Chapter 15 Trauma and Stressor Related Disorders
			Descriptions of Trauma and Stress
			Adjustment Disorder
			Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Acute Stress Disorder
			Reactive Attachment and Disinhibited Social Engagement Disorder
			Intervention
			Trauma-Informed Care
		Chapter 16 Schizophrenia and Schizoaffective Disorder
			Description of the Condition
			Etiology
			Gender Differences
			Culture-Specific Information
			Prevalence and Course
			Impact on Occupational Performance
			Intervention
		Chapter 17 Substance Abuse and Co-Occurring Disorders
			Description of the Conditions
			Prevalence of Alcohol and Drug Use
			Prevalence of Co-Occurring Disorders
			Gender Differences and Culture-Specific Information
			Etiology of Substance Use
			Impact on Occupational Performance
			Role of Occupational Therapy
			Intervention
		Chapter 18 Neurocognitive Disorders (Dementia)
			Description of the Condition
			Impact on Occupational Performance
			Prevalence
			Gender, Educational, and Cultural Impact
			Medical and Interdisciplinary Management
		Chapter 19 Psychosocial Concerns With Physical Disabilities
			Description of the Condition
			Psychological Implications of Physical Disability
			Psychiatric Conditions Associated With Physical Disability
			Effects of Physical Disability on the Family
			Impact on Occupational Performance
			Factors Related to Positive Adaptation
			Intervention
	SECTION 3 Performance Skills
		Chapter 20 Cognition
			Cognition and Psychiatric Disabilities
			Components of Cognition
			Assessment
			Intervention: Models and Techniques for Cognitive Impairment
		Chapter 21 Cognitive Beliefs
			Cognitive Beliefs and Occupational Performance
			The Nature of Cognitive Beliefs
			Cognitive Beliefs and Psychiatric Conditions
			Cognitive Beliefs, Stigma, and Recovery
			Assessment of Cognitive Beliefs
			Cognitive Belief-Oriented Practice Models
			Intervention
			Overview of Sensory Processing
		Chapter 22 Sensory Processing
			Sensory Modalities
			Sensory Processing and Children With Psychiatric Conditions
			Sensory Processing Disorders
			Sensory Processing and Adults With Psychiatric Conditions
			Comparing Psychiatric Conditions and Sensory Processing Patterns
			Assessment
			Intervention
		Chapter 23 Coping and Resilience
			Stress and Coping
			Mental Illness and Coping: Impact on the Individual and Family
			Assessment
			Intervention
		Chapter 24 Motivation
			Theories of Motivation
			Motivation and Psychiatric Disabilities
			Assessment
			Intervention
		Chapter 25 Emotion
			Overview of Emotion
			Emotional Function as a Client Factor: Emotion Regulation and Dysregulation
			The Neurophysiology of Emotion Regulation
			Development of Emotion Regulation Through the Life Span
			Emotion Dysregulation and Psychiatric Disorders
			Assessment
			Intervention
		Chapter 26 Communication and Social Skills
			Components of Communication and Social Skills
			Theories Underlying Communication and Social Interaction
			Communication and Social Skills in Individuals With Mental Illness
			Assessment
			Intervention
		Chapter 27  Pain
			Defining Pain
			Evaluation
			Intervention
			Prevention
		Chapter 28 Time Use and Habits
			Time Use and Occupational Balance
			Habits and Routines
			Time Use in Individuals With Mental Illness
			Measuring Time Use
			Time Use Across the Life Span
			Interventions to Support Optimal Time Use
PART 3 The Environment
	SECTION 1 Introduction
		Chapter 29 Introduction to the Environment
			Environmental and Occupational Therapy Practice Models
			Components of the Environment
			Environmental Obstacles to Recovery and Empowerment
			Environmental Resources
	SECTION 2 Environments
		Chapter 30 The Public Policy Environment
			Public Policy, Laws, Regulations, and Politics
			Policies That Directly Impact Individuals With Psychiatric Disabilities
			Specific Policy Impacting Occupational Therapy Practice
		Chapter 31 Stigma: Implications for Health and Recovery
			Stigma in the Social Environment
			Theories of Stigma
			Stigma and Mental Health Care
			Stigma and Culture
			Family Stigma
			Measurement of Stigma
			Anti-Stigma Interventions
			Stigma and Occupational Justice
		Chapter 32 Families and Family-Focused Practice
			Overview of the Family
			Frameworks for Family-Focused Practice
			Collaboration in Family-Focused Practice
			Evaluation
			Information Sharing and Education
			Support, Resources, and Programs
	Chapter 33 Sociocultural Perspectives in Mental Health Practice
			Overview of Culture
			Cultural Diversity and Mental Health Care
			Social Determinants of Mental Health
			Mental Health-Care Disparities
			Culture and the
			Models of Cultural Competency From Other Professions
			Culturally Responsive Caring in Mental Health Practice
			Occupational Therapy Models of Cultural Competency
			Culturally Responsive Practices
			Current Interest in Neighborhoods and Communities
		Chapter 34 The Neighborhood and Community
			Defining Neighborhoods and Communities
			Relationship of Neighborhood Environment to Occupation
			Intervening to Develop Supportive Neighborhood Communities
		Chapter 35 The Home Environment: Permanent Supportive Housing
			Home as Facilitating Context for Recovery
			Access to Housing
			Public Policy Initiatives to Address Barriers to Housing
			Permanent Supportive Housing
			Occupational Therapy in Permanent Supportive Housing
	SECTION 3 Practice Settings
		Chapter 36 Early Intervention: A Practice Setting for Infant and Toddler Mental Health
			Infant and Toddler Mental Health
			Early Intervention Programs: Mission and Philosophy
			Role of Occupational Therapy
			Conceptual Practice Models and Theoretical Frameworks
			Screening, Evaluation, and Intervention
			Transition to Early Childhood
		Chapter 37 Early Psychosis Programs for Adolescents and Young Adults
			Overview of Early Psychosis
			Early Psychosis Programs
			Role of Occupational Therapy
			Emerging Broader Focus on Youth Mental Health
			Historical Context
		Chapter 38 Peer-Led Services
			Overview of Peer-Led Services
			Types of Peer-Led Services
			Role of Occupational Therapy
		Chapter 39 Mental Health Practice in Criminal Justice Systems
			The Person: Justice System Demographics
			The Environment: Key Elements in Criminal Justice Systems
			The Environment: Correctional Institutions
			Environment: Occupational Risk Factors
			Occupation: The Occupational Therapy Process in Justice Systems
			Occupational Therapy Interventions
		Chapter 40 State Hospitals
			Overview of State Hospitals in the United States
			The Treatment Team
			The Recovery Model and the State Hospital
			Role of Occupational Therapy
			Evaluation
			Intervention
		Chapter 41 Supporting Individuals Through Crisis to Community Living: Meeting a Continuum of Service Needs
			Inpatient Hospital Admission
			Inpatient Mental Health Settings
			Partial Hospitalization Programs and Intensive Outpatient Programs
			Discharge From Inpatient Care
			Community Approaches
			Community Case Management
			Occupational Therapy Across the Continuum of Need
		Chapter 42 Homeless and Women’s Shelters
			Who Are the Homeless?
			Understanding Homeless Individuals
			Homelessness and Functional Impairment
			Missions and Goals of Homeless Shelters and Transitional Housing Environments
			External Factors Affecting Homelessness
			Team Members
			Funding Sources
			Role of Occupational Therapy
			Intervention Models and Techniques
			Evaluation
		Chapter 43 Wraparound Services: Children and Families
			Description of the Approach
			Description of Service Delivery
			Wraparound Care Coordination
			Efficacy of Wraparound Programs
			Occupational Therapy Roles and Opportunities
			Wraparound Program Evaluation
			A Model Program
		Chapter 44 Occupational Therapy: Serving Service Members and Veterans
			A Brief History of Occupational Therapy in the Military
			Service Members and Veterans’ BH Issues
			Military Culture
			Continuum of Care for Service Members and Veterans
			Evaluation of Service Members and Veterans
			Interventions
		Chapter 45 Integrated Behavioral Health and Primary Care
			Understanding Integration
			Impact of Behavioral Health on Overall Health
			Challenges of Non-Integrated Care
			Public Policy Supports for Integrated Behavioral Health and Primary Care
			Frameworks for Integrating Behavioral Health and Primary Care
			Health Navigators: A Role for the Mental Health Peer Support Specialist
			Role of Occupational Therapy
		Chapter 46 Applying Entrepreneurial Skills in Mental Health Practice
			Defining Entrepreneurship
			History of Entrepreneurship in Occupational Therapy
			Contemporary Entrepreneurship in Occupational Therapy
			Why Be an Entrepreneur in Mental Health Services?
			Characteristics and Skills of Entrepreneurs
			Process for Becoming an Entrepreneur in Mental Health Practice
PART 4
	SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION
		Chapter 47 Introduction to Occupation and Co-Occupation
			Defining Occupation
			Dimensions of Occupation
			Occupations
			Co-Occupation
	SECTION 2 Occupations
		Chapter 48 Wellness
			Wellness Defined
			Health Disparities: A Case for Wellness
			The Role of Occupational Therapy
			Certified Community Behavioral Health Clinics
			Evaluation
			Intervention Areas
			Overview of Activities of Daily Living and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living
		Chapter 49 Activities of Daily Living and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living
			Impact of Mental Illness on ADL and IADL Performance
			Evaluation
			Intervention
			Specific Evaluation and Intervention Examples
		Chapter 50 Occupational Therapy’s Role in School Mental Health
			Overview of School Mental Health
			The Mental Health Continuum in Children and Youth
			Occupational Therapy in School Mental Health
			Major Approaches Used in School Mental Health
			Intervention Strategies for Mental Health Promotion, Prevention, and Intervention
			Building Capacity in School-Based Practitioners
		Chapter 51 Student: Adult Education
			Overview of Supported Education
			Supported Education Models
			Examples of Programs and Models
			Role of Occupational Therapy in Supported Education
			Occupational Therapy-Based Supported Education Programs and Research
		Chapter 52 Work as Occupation
			Work, Workplaces, Mental Health, and Well-Being
			Vocational Development and Work Transitions
			Disruption to Vocational Development and Work Participation
			Policies to Support Work Participation
			Vocationally Focused Assessment
			Interventions to Promote Work Participation
		Chapter 53 Volunteer and Service Occupations
			Overview of Volunteer and Service Occupations
			Role of Occupational Therapy
			Benefits of Volunteering and Providing Service to Others
			The Volunteer and Service Team
		Chapter 54 Social Participation
			Recovery and Social Participation
			Evaluation
			Interventions to Enhance Social and Community Participation
		Chapter 55 Leisure and Play
			Defining Leisure and Play
			Factors Affecting Leisure and Play
			Evaluation
			Interventions
		Chapter 56 Rest and Sleep
			The Physiology of Sleep
			The Role of Sleep in Health and Growth
			The Context of Sleep
			Sleep Architecture, Types, and Phases
			Sleep Across the Life Span
			Sleep Debt and Deprivation
			Sleep Disorders
			Populations at Special Risk for Sleep Problems
			Sleep Medicine Professionals
			Role of Occupational Therapy
		Chapter 57 Spiritual Occupation
			Religion and Spirituality in Mental Health Practice
			Spiritual Occupations
			Role of Occupational Therapy in Enabling Spiritual Occupations
Appendix A Template for PEO Analysis
Appendix B Index of Assessments
Appendix C Index of Interventions
Appendix D Index of Practice Models and Theoretical Approaches
Glossary
Index
Practice Models and Theoretical Approaches Index