Nursing Informatics and the Foundation of Knowledge

Cover Page
Title Page
Copyright Page
Contents
Preface
Acknowledgments
Contributors
Section I: Building Blocks of Nursing Informatics
	1 Nursing Science and the Foundation of Knowledge
		Introduction
		Quality and Safety Education for Nurses
		Summary
		References
	2 Introduction to Information, Information Science, and Information Systems
		Introduction
		Information
		Information Science
		Information Processing
		Information Science and the Foundation of Knowledge
		Introduction to Information Systems
		Summary
		References
	3 Computer Science and the Foundation of Knowledge Model
		Introduction
		The Computer as a Tool for Managing Information and Generating Knowledge
		Components
		What Is the Relationship of Computer Science to Knowledge?
		How Does the Computer Support Collaboration and Information Exchange?
		Cloud Computing
		Looking to the Future
		Summary
		Working Wisdom
		Application Scenario
		References
	4 Introduction to Cognitive Science and Cognitive Informatics
		Introduction
		Cognitive Science
		Sources of Knowledge
		Nature of Knowledge
		How Knowledge and Wisdom Are Used in Decision Making
		Cognitive Informatics
		Cognitive Informatics and Nursing Practice
		What Is AI?
		Summary
		References
	5 Ethical Applications of Informatics
		Introduction
		Ethics
		Bioethics
		Ethical Issues and Social Media
		Ethical Dilemmas and Morals
		Ethical Decision Making
		Theoretical Approaches to Healthcare Ethics
		Applying Ethics to Informatics
		Case Analysis Demonstration
		New Frontiers in Ethical Issues
		Summary
		References
Section II: Perspectives on Nursing Informatics
	6 History and Evolution of Nursing Informatics
		Introduction
		The Evolution of a Specialty
		What Is Nursing Informatics?
		The DIKW Paradigm
		Capturing and Codifying the Work of Nursing
		The Nurse as a Knowledge Worker
		The Future
		Summary
		References
	7 Nursing Informatics as a Specialty
		Introduction
		Nursing Contributions to Healthcare Informatics
		Scope and Standards
		Nursing Informatics Roles
		Specialty Education and Certification
		Nursing Informatics Competencies
		Rewards of NI Practice
		NI Organizations and Journals
		The Future of Nursing Informatics
		Summary
		References
	8 Legislative Aspects of Nursing Informatics: HITECH and HIPAA
		Introduction
		HIPAA Came First
		Overview of the HITECH Act
		How a National HIT Infrastructure Is Being Developed
		How the HITECH Act Changed HIPAA
		Implications for Nursing Practice
		Future Regulations
		Summary
		References
Section III: Nursing Informatics Administrative Applications: Precare and Care Support
	9 Systems Development Life Cycle: Nursing Informatics and Organizational Decision Making
		Introduction
		Waterfall Model
		Rapid Prototyping or Rapid Application Development
		Object-Oriented Systems Development
		Dynamic System Development Method
		Computer-Aided Software Engineering Tools
		Open Source Software and Free/Open Source Software
		Interoperability
		Summary
		References
	10 Administrative Information Systems
		Introduction
		Types of Healthcare Organization Information Systems
		Communication Systems
		Core Business Systems
		Order Entry Systems
		Patient Care Support Systems
		Interoperability
		Aggregating Patient and Organizational Data
		Department Collaboration and Exchange of Knowledge and Information
		Summary
		References
	11 The Human–Technology Interface
		Introduction
		The Human–Technology Interface
		The Human–Technology Interface Problem
		Improving the Human–Technology Interface
		A Framework for Evaluation
		Future of the Human–Technology Interface
		Summary
		References
	12 Electronic Security
		Introduction
		Securing Network Information
		Authentication of Users
		Threats to Security
		Security Tools
		Offsite Use of Portable Devices
		Summary
		References
	13 Workflow and Beyond Meaningful Use
		Introduction
		Workflow Analysis Purpose
		Workflow and Technology
		Workflow Analysis and Informatics Practice
		Informatics as a Change Agent
		Measuring the Results
		Future Directions
		Summary
		References
Section IV: Nursing Informatics Practice Applications: Care Delivery
	14 The Electronic Health Record and Clinical Informatics
		Introduction
		Setting the Stage
		Components of Electronic Health Records
		Advantages of Electronic Health Records
		Standardized Terminology and the EHR
		Ownership of Electronic Health Records
		Flexibility and Expandability
		Accountable Care Organizations and the EHR
		The Future
		Summary
		References
	15 Informatics Tools to Promote Patient Safety and Quality Outcomes
		Introduction
		What Is a Culture of Safety?
		Strategies for Developing a Safety Culture
		Informatics Technologies for Patient Safety
		Role of the Nurse Informaticist
		Summary
		References
	16 Patient Engagement and Connected Health
		Introduction
		Consumer Demand for Information
		Health Literacy and Health Initiatives
		Healthcare Organization Approaches to Engagement
		Promoting Health Literacy in School-Aged Children
		Supporting Use of the Internet for Health Education
		Future Directions for Engaging Patients
		Summary
		References
	17 Using Informatics to Promote Community/Population Health
		Introduction
		Core Public Health Functions
		Community Health Risk Assessment: Tools for Acquiring Knowledge
		Processing Knowledge and Information to Support Epidemiology and Monitoring Disease Outbreaks
		Applying Knowledge to Health Disaster Planning and Preparation
		Informatics Tools to Support Communication and Dissemination
		Using Feedback to Improve Responses and Promote Readiness
		Summary
		References
	18 Telenursing and Remote Access Telehealth
		Introduction
		The Foundation of Knowledge Model and Home Telehealth
		Nursing Aspects of Telehealth
		History of Telehealth
		Driving Forces for Telehealth
		Telehealth Care
		Telenursing
		Telehealth Patient Populations
		Tools of Home Telehealth
		Home Telehealth Software
		Home Telehealth Practice and Protocols
		Legal, Ethical, and Regulatory Issues
		The Patient’s Role in Telehealth
		Telehealth Research
		Evolving Telehealth Models
		Parting Thoughts for the Future and a View Toward What the Future Holds
		Summary
		References
Section V: Education Applications of Nursing Informatics
	19 Nursing Informatics and Nursing Education
		Introduction: Nursing Education and the Foundation of Knowledge Model
		Knowledge Acquisition and Sharing
		Evolution of Learning Management Systems
		Delivery Modalities
		Technology Tools Supporting Education
		Internet-Based Tools
		Promoting Active and Collaborative Learning
		Knowledge Dissemination and Sharing
		Exploring Information Fair Use and Copyright Restrictions
		The Future
		Summary
		References
	20 Simulation, Game Mechanics, and Virtual Worlds in Nursing Education
		Introduction
		Simulation in Nursing Informatics Education
		Nursing Informatics Competencies in Nursing Education
		A Case for Simulation in Nursing Informatics Education and Nursing Education
		Incorporating EHRs into the Learning Environment
		Challenges and Opportunities
		The Future of Simulation in Nursing Informatics Education
		Game Mechanics and Virtual World Simulation for Nursing Education
		Game Mechanics and Educational Games
		Virtual Worlds in Education
		Choosing Among Simulations, Educational Games, and Virtual Worlds
		The Future of Simulations, Games, and Virtual Worlds in Nursing Education
		Summary
		References
Section VI: Research Applications of Nursing Informatics
	21 Nursing Research: Data Collection, Processing, and Analysis
		Introduction: Nursing Research and the Foundation of Knowledge Model
		Knowledge Generation Through Nursing Research
		Acquiring Previously Gained Knowledge Through Internet and Library Holdings
		Fair Use of Information and Sharing
		Informatics Tools for Collecting Data and Storage of Information
		Tools for Processing Data and Data Analysis
		The Future
		Summary
		References
	22 Data Mining as a Research Tool
		Introduction: Big Data, Data Mining, and Knowledge Discovery
		KDD and Research
		Data Mining Concepts
		Data Mining Techniques
		Data Mining Models
		Benefits of KDD
		Data Mining and Electronic Health Records
		Ethics of Data Mining
		Summary
		References
	23 Translational Research: Generating Evidence for Practice
		Introduction
		Clarification of Terms
		History of Evidence-Based Practice
		Evidence
		Bridging the Gap Between Research and Practice
		Barriers to and Facilitators of Evidence-Based Practice
		The Role of Informatics
		Developing EBP Guidelines
		Meta-Analysis and Generation of Knowledge
		The Future
		Summary
		References
	24 Bioinformatics, Biomedical Informatics, and Computational Biology
		Introduction
		Bioinformatics, Biomedical Informatics, and Computational Biology Defined
		Why Are Bioinformatics and Biomedical Informatics So Important?
		What Does the Future Hold?
		Summary
		References
Section VII: Imagining the Future of Nursing Informatics
	25 The Art of Caring in Technology-Laden Environments
		Introduction
		Caring Theories
		Presence
		Strategies for Enhancing Caring Presence
		Reflective Practice
		Summary
		References
	26 Nursing Informatics and the Foundation of Knowledge
		Introduction
		Foundation of Knowledge Revisited
		The Nature of Knowledge
		Knowledge Use in Practice
		Characteristics of Knowledge Workers
		Knowledge Management in Organizations
		Managing Knowledge Across Disciplines
		The Learning Healthcare System
		Summary
		References
Abbreviations
Glossary
Index