New and Future Developments in Microbial Biotechnology and Bioengineering: Sustainable Agriculture: Revitalization through Organic Products

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New and Future Developments in Microbial Biotechnology and Bioengineering: Sustainable Agriculture: Revitalization Through ...
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Contents
Contributors
About the editors
Preface
Chapter 1: Exploring the biostimulants in plant science
	Introduction
	Classification of biostimulants in categories
	The common feature of biostimulants
	Types of biostimulants
		Algal extracts
		Sources of biostimulants
		Microalgae as a source of biostimulants
	Production of microbial inoculants
		Fungi and yeasts
			Pythium oligandrum and Talaromyces flavus
			Aureobasidium pullulans and Arbuscular mycorrhiza
		Bacteria
			Pseudomonas fluorescens
			Lactic acid bacteria (LAB)
	Commercially available biopreparations and bioproducts
	Role of microbial components in preparation of bioproducts
	Phytonutrients of biostimulants; secondary metabolites and vitamins
	Application of biostimulants on vegetable crops
	Application of biostimulants on floriculture crops
	Impact of biostimulants on physical characteristics
	Effect of biostimulants on chemical composition
	Conclusions and future prospects
	References
Chapter 2: Algal biofertilizer towards green sustainable agriculture
	Introduction
	Algal biofertilizer as potential nitrogen fixers towards improving agricultural crops productivities
	Algal biofertilizer as potential phosphate solubilizers towards improving agricultural crops productivities
	Algal biofertilizer as potential carbon dioxide sequesters towards improving agricultural crops yields
	Algal biofertilizers reservoir of potential growth promoting factors for enhancing agriculture crop productivities
	Application of genetically engineered algae for ameliorating agricultural crops productions
	Conclusion
	Acknowledgment
	References
Chapter 3: Entomopathogenic viruses and their potential role in sustainable pest management
	Introduction
	Role of EPVs in sustainable pest management
	History of entomopathogenic viruses
	Classification of EPVs
		Baculoviruses
		Ascovirus
		Iridovirus
		Polydnavirus
		Cypovirus
		Entomopoxvirus
		Parvovirus
	Entomopathogenic viruses and their host range
	Mode of action of EPVs
	External symptoms of entomopathogenic virus infection in insects
	Genetic recombination of EPVs
	Exploitation of EPVs in various pest management programs
	World and Indian scenario of EPVs use in pest management
	Why EPVs are potential biocontrol agents?
	Why EPVs are not popular biocontrol agents?
	Field application of EPVs
	Suggestions for application of insect viruses
	Conclusion and future prospects
	References
	Further reading
Chapter 4: Cyanobacteria as potential bio resources for multifaceted sustainable utilization
	Introduction
	Cyanobacteria role as a bio fertilizer in nitrogen fixation for improvement of crop productivity
	Cyanobacterial role in bioremediation of wastelands to improve soil fertility
	Basic types of bioremediation techniques
	Cyanobacterial role in the removal of toxic effluents from wastewater treatment
	Cyanobacterial role in the enhancement of crop productivity by agricultural stress management techniques
	Cyanobacterial role in environmental sustainability by CO 2 sequestration and climate change mitigation
	Conclusion
	Future perspective
	Acknowledgments
	References
	Further reading
Chapter 5: Metabolites and peptides of endophytic origin in plant growth promotion and defense reactions in Solanaceous cr ...
	Introduction
	Endophytes: Definition, ecology and population dynamics
		Definition
		Ecology
		Population dynamics of endophytes in different plant parts
		Influence of climate and topography on population diversity of endophytes
	Endophytic metabolites and peptides
	Endophytic metabolites in plant health management
		Nutrient acquisition and plant growth promotion
			Siderophores in iron metabolism
			Nitrogen fixation
			Phosphate solubilization
			Phytohormones
		Mitigating biotic stress in host plant by endophytes
			ROS and antioxidants
			Antimicrobial compounds
			Peptides
			Volatile compounds
			Enzymes
	Case study on tomato
		Growth promotion
		Stress management
	Conclusion
	References
Chapter 6: The potential of the genus Baccharis spp. as an insecticide for mosquitoes and non-biting flies of veterinary i ...
	Introduction
	Review literature & recent developments
		Effect of an uncontrolled population of mosquitoes and non-biting flies in livestock
		Will synthetic pesticides be the solution?
		Baccharis sp. a potential genus to be used as botanical insecticides
		Phytochemistry of Baccharis sp.
	Principal Baccharis compounds bioactive against mosquitoes and non-biting flies
	Conclusion and prospects
	References
Chapter 7: Animal residues use and application for sustainable agriculture on one health approach
	Introduction
	Bioenergy from animal waste
		Livestock wastes with bioenergetic potential
			Biogas
			Biohydrogen
	Sanitary aspects and zoonotic pathogens in animals' wastes recycle
	Application of quantitative microbial risk assessment tools for risk management in the animal waste recycle
	Hazard identification
	Exposure assessment
	Dose-response assessment
		Risk characterization
	Final considerations
	References
Chapter 8: Role of plant derived extracts as biostimulants in sustainable agriculture: A detailed study on research advanc ...
	Introduction
	Seaweed extracts (SEs) as biostimulants—Their role and mechanism of action
		Plant growth promoting role of SEs-application methodologies
		Improved abiotic and biotic stress tolerance triggered by SEs
	Botanical extracts (BEs) as biostimulant—Their role, mechanism and application
		BEs: Mechanisms of action as biostimulant
	Conclusions and future prospects
	Acknowledgment
	References
Chapter 9: Rejuvenating soil health using organic manures for sustainable agriculture
	Introduction
	Organic manures
		Bulky organic manures
			Farmyard manure (FYM)
			Compost
				Method of preparation
			Vermicompost
			Green manuring
			Poultry manure
			Sheep manure
		Concentrated organic manuring
			Press mud cake
			Neem cake
			Oil cakes
	Effect of organic manures application on soil physical, chemical, and biological properties
	Effect of compost application on physical properties of soil
	Effect of compost application on chemical properties of soil
	Effect of compost application on biological properties of soil
	Effect of compost application on plant growth promotion
	Conclusions
	References
Chapter 10: Biofertilization of biogas digestates: An insight on nutrient management, soil microbial diversity and greenho ...
	Introduction
	Biogas digestate
	Processing of digestate
		Separation of solid and liquid
		Stripping of ammonia
		Microbial nitrogen modulation (nitrification/denitrification)
		Evaporation
		Struvite precipitation
	Application of biogas digestate for nutrient management in crop
	Effect of biofertilization of biogas digestate on soil microbial diversity
	Nitrification and denitrification
	Effect of biofertilization of biogas digestate on greenhouse gas emission and measurement techniques
	Conclusion and future prospects
	Acknowledgment
	Declaration
	References
Chapter 11: Role of seaweeds in plant growth promotion and disease management
	Introduction
		Types
		How to apply
		Uses
		Chemical composition
	Methods (optional)
		Technique for seaweed cultivation
		Preparation of seaweed extract
	Review literature and recent developments
		Plant hormones from seaweed
			Auxins
			Cytokinins
			Gibberellins
			Abscisic acid
			Ethylene
			Betaines
			Polyamines
		Root progression and nutrient uptake
		Influence on shoot development and photosynthesis
		Effect on crop yield
		Role in vegetative propagation
		Role in alleviation of different abiotic stresses in crop plants
		Immunity
	Conclusion and future prospect
	References
	Further reading
Chapter 12: Plant bio-stimulants, their functions and use in enhancing stress tolerance in oilseeds
	Introduction
	Concepts and categories of plant bio-stimulants
		Humic substances
		Amino acid containing products (AACP)
		Hormone containing products
		Seaweed extracts
		Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPRs)
	Use of bio-stimulants in oilseeds crops
		Crop growth, development and yield
		Improving oil recovery, net returns
		Bio-stimulants alleviating abiotic stress
		Bio-stimulants alleviating biotic stress
	Induced systemic resistance, an ecofriendly approach
		ISR signaling pathway
			Defense enzymes and compounds
			Role of JA and ET signaling in ISR
		Role of ISR
		Induction of ISR
		Applications of ISR in oil seed crops
	Conclusions
	References
Chapter 13: Biostimulants for improving nutritional quality in legumes
	Introduction
	Definitions
	Main category of biostimulants
		Humic substances (HS)
			Effect of HS on nutrient uptake
		Protein hydrolysate (PHs) and amino acid formulations (AA)
			Effect of protein hydrolysate on nutrient uptake
		Plant growth-promoting microorganisms (PGPR)
			Effect of PGPR on nutrient uptake
		Seaweed extract
			Effect of seaweed extract on nutrient uptake
	Effect of biostimulants on nutrient quality of legumes
	Application of biostimulants
		Methods of application
	Conclusion and future prospectus
	References
Chapter 14: Microbial biosurfactants: An eco-friendly perspective for soil health management and environmental remediation
	Introduction
	Chemical surfactants in agriculture
	Surfactant toxicity in life forms and agriculture
	Biosurfactants: The potent alternate
	Agrochemicals in agriculture
	Negative impacts of agrochemicals
	Chemical surfactants as adjuvants in pesticide formulations
	Biosurfactants as green alternative
	Superiority of biosurfactants over chemical surfactants
	Biosurfactants as adjuvants in agrochemical formulations
	Biosurfactants in environmental remediation
	Biodegradation of pesticides
	Bioremediation of heavy metals
	Bioremediation of hydrocarbon polluted soil
	Conclusion
	References
Chapter 15: Biostimulants for sustainable crop production
	Introduction
	Important biostimulants
		Protein hydrolysates
		Seaweed extracts
		Microbial biostimulants
		Humic and fulvic acids
	Sources of biostimulants
	Method of application of biostimulants
	Role of biostimulants for sustainable crop production
		Biostimulants for abiotic stresses tolerance
		Biostimulants for nutrient use efficiency
		Biostimulants for enhancing production quality
		Biostimulants on antioxidant properties
		Role of biostimulants on enhanced yield
		Role of biostimulants on enhanced growth
		Biostimulants on physical characteristics
		Effect on chemical composition
	Conclusions and future prospect
	References
Chapter 16: Potential of soil amendment with organic matters in controlling phytonematodes
	Introduction
	Soil nature and soil organic matter
	Common kinds of organic matters for soil amendment
	Effect of organic matter on important groups of phytonematodes
		Root-knot nematodes ( Meloidogyne spp.)
		Cyst nematodes ( Heterodera spp.)
		Globodera spp.
		Pratylenchus spp. and other root lesion nematodes
		Citrus nematode (Tylenchulus semipenetrans)
		Other nematodes
	Mechanisms of phytonematodes' suppression
		Direct mechanisms
			Liberation of preexisting toxic compounds
			Production of toxic compounds throughout decomposition
		Indirect mechanisms
			Increase the activity and population of antagonists
			Enhancement of host resistance/tolerance
			Changes in the soil properties
	Mechanisms of phytonematodes' augmentation
	Conclusion and future prospect
	References
Chapter 17: Spent mushroom waste: An emerging bio-fertilizer for improving soil health and plant productivity
	Introduction
	Mushroom species
	Composition of spent mushroom waste
	Soil fertility enhancement
	Plant growth promotion and crop production
	Bio-fuel application
	Conclusion
	References
Chapter 18: Role of secondary metabolites and biostimulants in conferring biotic and abiotic stress tolerance in crop plan ...
	Introduction
	Phenolic compounds
		Classification of complex phenols
	Nonprotein amino acids
	Plant secondary metabolites: Sources and effects
		Other secondary metabolites
			Cutin, waxes and suberin
	Conclusion and future prospects
	References
Index
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