Natural computation

Title ......Page 3
Copyright ......Page 4
Contents ......Page 5
Preface ......Page 9
I. Introduction to Natural Computation ......Page 11
1. The Approach ......Page 13
II. Image Interpretation: Information at Contours ......Page 27
2. Intensity-Based Edge Classification / Andrew P. Witkin ......Page 46
3. Analysis of Accretion and Deletion at Boundaries in Dynamic Scenes / K.M. Mutch & W.B. Thompson ......Page 54
4. CARTOON: A Biologically Motivated Edge Detection Algorithm / W. Richards, H.K. Nishihara & B. Dawson ......Page 65
5. Illusory Contours and Cortical Neuron Response / R. von der Heydt, E. Peterhans & G. Baumgartner ......Page 80
6. Representing Smooth Plane Curves for Recognition: Implications for Figure-Ground Reversal / D.D. Hoffman & W.A. Richards ......Page 86
7. Encoding Contour Shape by Curvature Extrema / W. Richards, B. Dawson & D. Whittington ......Page 93
8. Inferring 3D Orientation from 2D Contour (An Extremum Principle) / Michael Brady & Alan Yuille ......Page 109
9. The Line of Curvature Constraint and the Interpretation of 3D Shape from Parallel Surface Contours / K.A. Stevens ......Page 117
10. The Shape of Smooth Objects and the Way Contours End / J.J. Koenderink & Andrea J. van Doom ......Page 125
11. Inferring 3D Shapes from 2D Silhouettes / W. Richards, J.J. Koenderink & D.D. Hoffman ......Page 135
12. From Waltz to Winston / S. Truve & W. Richards ......Page 148
III. Image Interpretation: Property Tags: Color, 3D Texture, Flow Fields ......Page 169
13. Lightness and Retinex Theory / Edwin H. Land & John J. McCann ......Page 187
14. Color Vision: Representing Material Categories / John M. Rubin & W.A. Richards ......Page 204
15. Models of Light Reflection for Computer Synthesized Pictures / James F. Blinn ......Page 224
16. Inferring \"Water\" from Images / T.J. Rung & W. Richards ......Page 234
17. Computing the Velocity Field Along Contours / Ellen C. Hildreth ......Page 244
18. Analyzing Oriented Patterns / M. Kass & A. Witkin ......Page 262
19. 3D Texture: Stereo Psychophysics and Geometry / Jacques Ninio ......Page 276
20. Fractal-based Descriptions of Surfaces / Alex P. Pentland ......Page 289
IV. Sound Interpretation ......Page 309
21. Representing Acoustic Information / C. Searle ......Page 319
22. A Computational Model of Binaural Localization and Separation / Richard Lyon ......Page 329
23. Schematizing Spectrograms for Speech Recognition / Michael Riley ......Page 338
24. The Acoustics of the Singing Voice / Johan Sundberg ......Page 353
25. Recovering Material Properties from Sound / R. Wildes & W. Richards ......Page 366
26. Auditory Perception of Breaking and Bouncing Events: Psychophysics / William H. Warren, Jr. & Robert R. Verbrugge ......Page 374
27. Perception of Melodies / H.C. Longuet-Higgins ......Page 386
V. Force Sensing and Control ......Page 399
28. On the Prehension of the Human Hand / Alberto Rovetta ......Page 412
29. Articulated Hands: Force Control and Kinematic Issues / J.K. Salisbury & John J. Craig ......Page 416
30. Texture from Touch / S.M. Drucker ......Page 432
31. Physical Systems Theory and Controlled Manipulation / N. Hogan ......Page 440
32. Rigid Body Load Inertial Parameter Estimation / Christopher G. Atkeson, Chae H. An & John M. Hollerbach ......Page 453
33. Dynamic Scaling of Manipulator Trajectories / J.M. Hollerbach ......Page 465
34. A Ballistic Model for Walking / S. Moehon & T.A. McMahon ......Page 475
35. Some Properties of Regularl;y Realizable Gait Matrices / R.B. McGhee & A.K. Jain ......Page 484
36. Balance and Symmetry in Running / Marc Raibert ......Page 497
VI. Future Directions ......Page 515
Problems in Natural Computation ......Page 531
Glossary ......Page 541
Name Index ......Page 551
Subject Index ......Page 563