Local Cattle Breeds in Europe: Development of Policies and Strategies for Self-Sustaining Breeds

Table of contents......Page 8
List of breed cases......Page 12
Acknowledgements......Page 13
Contributions from EURECA Consortium and EURECA Experts......Page 14
Contributions from farmers, stakeholders and National Coordinators......Page 16
Sipke Joost Hiemstra......Page 17
1.1 Why conserve local breeds?......Page 19
1.3 The EURECA approach......Page 20
1.4 This publication......Page 21
References......Page 22
Katriina Soini and Yvette de Haas......Page 23
2.1 Introduction......Page 25
2.2 Interest in breeds and breeding increases......Page 26
2.3 Local breeds in and between the wars......Page 29
2.4 Modernisation of agricultural production......Page 30
2.5 Extending food markets......Page 31
2.6 Decline of local cattle breeds......Page 32
2.7 New policy turns......Page 33
2.8 21st century: new opportunities for local breeds?......Page 34
2.9 Conclusions......Page 37
References......Page 39
Delphine Duclos and Sipke Joost Hiemstra......Page 41
3.1 Introduction......Page 43
3.2 Europe-wide local cattle breed survey among National Coordinators......Page 45
References......Page 56
Gustavo Gandini, Clara Díaz, Katriina Soini, Taina Lilja and Daniel Martín-Collado......Page 59
4.1 Introduction......Page 61
4.2 Detecting factors affecting sustainability of local breed farming......Page 62
4.3 Identification of the farmer types keeping local cattle breeds......Page 69
4.4 Strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats affecting cattle diversity......Page 74
References......Page 78
Flavia Pizzi, Delphine Duclos, Henri Woelders and Asko Mäki-Tanila......Page 79
5.1 Organisational aspects of cryopreservation programmes......Page 81
5.2 Sampling strategies......Page 83
5.3 Operations of cryopreservation programmes......Page 88
5.4 Factors affecting cryopreservation programmes......Page 90
References......Page 96
Asko Mäki-Tanila, Jesus Fernandez, Miguel Toro and Theo Meuwissen......Page 99
6.1 Cattle breed diversity......Page 101
6.2 Importance of genetic variation......Page 102
6.3 Describing the state of variation......Page 103
6.4 Acceptable levels for Ne (∆F)......Page 108
6.5 Estimation of Ne (∆F)......Page 109
6.6 Management of genetic variation......Page 113
6.7 Conclusions......Page 117
References......Page 118
Daniel Martín-Collado, Gustavo Gandini, Yvette de Haas and Clara Díaz......Page 121
7.1 Introduction......Page 123
7.2 The SWOT analysis: a decision-making tool......Page 125
7.4 Definition of the local cattle production system......Page 128
7.5 Identification of driving factors: strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats......Page 130
7.6 Identification and prioritisation of strategies for development and conservation purposes......Page 132
References......Page 140
Sipke Joost Hiemstra, Asko Mäki-Tanila and Gustavo Gandini......Page 143
8.1 Policies and strategies for local cattle breeds anticipating livestock sector dynamics......Page 145
8.3 Who is keeping local cattle breeds?......Page 146
8.4 Use of decision-making tools for the development of individual breed strategies......Page 147
8.6 Management of genetic variation within local cattle breeds......Page 148
8.8 Cryopreserved gene banks......Page 149
8.9 Self-sustaining breeds and sustainable local cattle farming......Page 150
8.10 The final question: Did our research contribute to making breeds self-sustaining? What did we learn from the EURECA project?......Page 151
Keyword index......Page 152