Learned Mindfulness: Physician Engagement and M.D.. Wellness

Cover
Learned Mindfulness: Physician Engagement and
M.D. Wellness
Copyright
List of Figure
List of Tables
About the Author
Foreword
Preface
Medical Disclaimer
Introduction
	Overview
	Learned Mindfulness
	The Quadruple Aim: Improving Physician\'s Quality of Life
	Value-based Mindfulness
	The Relevance of This Book
	Mindfulness: Its Home in the East
	Why Has Mindfulness Gained Popularity Now?
	The Theme of Mindfulness in Medicine
	Systems Psychology of Mindfulness
	The Centrality of “Control”: Biomental and Interpersonal Perspectives
	Character Strengths
	Authentic Integrity
	Integral Empathy
	Learned Mindfulness: Wellness for a New Generation of Physicians
	References
PART I MINDFULNESS IN PERSPECTIVE
1. Consciousness and Awareness: East and West
	1.1 Consciousness and Awareness
	1.2 One or Many: Self and World Around
	1.3 Western Perspectives on the Self
		1.3.1 Man and Woman as Incomplete
		1.3.2 Self-awareness and Self-reflection
		1.3.3 Ego, Self, Sense of Identity, “I,” and Mind
	1.4 Thinking Architecture and the Mental Status
		1.4.1 Elements of Thinking Architecture: Cognitive Units, Form, and Content
		1.4.2 Structural Cognitive Units: the Two Building Blocks of Thinking
		1.4.3 The Dynamic Process or Form Associated with How Thinking Assembles
		1.4.4 The Content of Thinking
	1.5 Eastern Perspectives: Buddhism, Hinduism, and Yoga
		1.5.1 “Mindfulness Meditation”: Historical Origins
		1.5.2 Buddhism
		1.5.3 The Arhat: Lone Seeker of Self-development
		1.5.4 The Bodhisattva: Enlightened but Remaining with Compassion to Help
		1.5.5 Basic Dhammas (Pali), Dharmas (Sanskrit): Eastern Values
		1.5.6 The Four Noble Truths
		1.5.7 The Noble Eightfold Path
		1.5.8 The Three Marks of Existence: Trilakshana
		1.5.9 Nirvana
			1.5.9.1 Special note
	1.6 Buddhist Perspectives on MIND
		1.6.1 Skandhas: Self as an Empty Cluster of Five Fluctuations
		1.6.2 Mindfulness in Buddhist Doctrine
		1.6.3 Satipatthana: Establishing Mindfulness
		1.6.4 A Note on the Classical Fourth Domain of Establishing Mindfulness
		1.6.5 Heart Sutra c. AD 600
	1.7 Hinduism: SELF as Atman, a Microcosmic Centration of Divinity
		1.7.1 Yoga Model of Individual Self
		1.7.2 Sankhya Model of Individual Self
		1.7.3 Prajna-aparadha: the Mind\'s Inherent Cognitive Error Default
		1.7.4 You Are Not the “Do-er”
		1.7.5 Yoga as a Restorative Psychology of Mind
		1.7.6 Patanjali\'s Ashtanga Yoga: Raja-Yoga or the Royal Eightfold Path
	1.8 Narcissism
		1.8.1 Western Perspectives on Narcissism
		1.8.2 Asmita: Eastern Perspectives on Narcissism
		1.8.3 Narcissism: East and West
	1.9 Mindfulness: More than a Five-Minute Time-out Practice
	References
	Further Reading
2. Modern Mindfulness
	2.1 Mindfulness: An Overview
	2.2 Why Mindfulness?
	2.3 Mindfulness Approaches in the West
	2.4 Mindfulness: Foundational Perspectives
		2.4.1 Seven Specific Prerequisites of Mindfulness Practices
			2.4.1.1 Nonjudging
			2.4.1.2 Patience
			2.4.1.3 Beginner\'s mind
			2.4.1.4 Trust
			2.4.1.5 Nonstriving
			2.4.1.6 Acceptance
			2.4.1.7 Letting go
		2.4.2 Attentional Regulation: Core of Mindfulness Practices
		2.4.3 Benefits of Mindfulness: Self-Regulation
		2.4.4 Stumbling Blocks to Mindfulness Practices
	2.5 Mindfulness Meditation Practices in the West
		2.5.1 Task-focused Attention Practice
		2.5.2 Open-Monitoring Practice
		2.5.3 Ethical Enhancement Practices: Loving-Kindness and Compassion Practices
	2.6 The Role of Technology in Modern Mindfulness
	References
	Further Reading
PART II EMOTIONAL AWARENESS AND MINDFULNESS
3. Emotional Intelligence and Mindfulness
	3.1 Emotions as a Second Language—or Should They be our First?
		3.1.1 Eleven Definitions of Emotion
		3.1.2 Fundamentals of Emotions
	3.2 Emotions are our First Language
	3.3 Emotional Processing
		3.3.1 The Neuroscience of Emotional Processing
		3.3.2 Emotional Processing: a Behavioral Model
	3.4 A Primer of Emotions
		3.4.1 Primary Emotions
		3.4.2 Emotional States of Mind: Feelings
			3.4.2.1 Hate
			3.4.2.2 Aggression
			3.4.2.3 Hostility
			3.4.2.4 Hubris
		3.4.3 Positive Feelings
			3.4.3.1 Humility
			3.4.3.2 Humor
			3.4.3.3 Gratitude
	3.5 Feelings with Privileged Status: Loss, Envy, Greed, Jealousy, and Guilt
		3.5.1 Loss
		3.5.2 Envy
		3.5.3 Greed
		3.5.4 Jealousy
		3.5.5 Guilt
	3.6 Emotional Literacy: The Refinement of Emotional Intelligence
	3.7 The Developmental Psychology of Emotions in Infancy
	3.8 Cultivating Positive Emotions and Mindfulness
	3.9 Emotions and Motivation
	3.10 Resilience
	References
	Further Reading
4. Learned Mindfulness—An Emotional Intelligence Perspective
	4.1 Learned Mindfulness: The Memory of Wholeness
		4.1.1 Learned Mindfulness Foundations: Mindful Mindedness
	4.2 Burnout: the Need for Learned Mindfulness as a Stress Reduction Tool
		4.2.1 Stress
		4.2.2 Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis
		4.2.3 What Comprises the Burnout Syndrome: the Big Three
		4.2.4 Specific Causes of Burnout
		4.2.5 Physical and Emotional Exhaustion
		4.2.6 Lack of Enthusiasm and Motivation: Cynicism and Depersonalization
		4.2.7 A Sense of Ineffective Work Performance
		4.2.8 The Road to a Demoralized Workforce
		4.2.9 Treatment
		4.2.10 The Organizational Level of Intervention
	4.3 Mindfulness-Informed Tools
		4.3.1 An Educational Scaffolding for Paying Attention Mindfully
		4.3.2 Nonconscious Emotional Modulation: Nonconscious Changing Underlying Conscious Emotion Regulation
	4.4 Emotional Self-Regulation
	4.5 Emotional Intelligence Mindfulness Practice
		4.5.1 Specific Benefits of Learned Mindfulness
		4.5.2 Practicing Pause as a Technique
		4.5.3 The Role of Breathing in Mindfulness
		4.5.4 Learned Mindfulness Technique: Summary
		4.5.5 Obstacles to Learned Mindfulness Practice
		4.5.6 Mindfulness Practice: Engaging, Not Fusing, With Emotional Processing
	4.6 Learned Mindfulness Is Emotional Hygiene
	4.7 Learned Mindfulness: Remembering to Remain Actively Awake
	References
PART III INTEGRITY: MINDFULNESS ENGAGED
5. Authentic Integrity: A Premier Character Strength
	5.1 An “Integrity Mindfulness” Model
	5.2 Learned Mindfulness
	5.3 Learned Mindfulness: Achieving Authentic Integrity
	5.4 Authentic Integrity Is a Peakless Mountain
		5.4.1 Learned Mindfulness: Entering the “into Integrity Zone”
	5.5 Learned Mindfulness: Character Strengths and Positive Psychosocial Characteristics
		5.5.1 Top Character Strengths: Resilience, Optimism, and Active Social Engagement
	5.6 Integral Empathy
	5.7 Transparency
	5.8 Personality
		5.8.1 Values
		5.8.2 24 Character Strengths
	5.9 The High-Reliability Personality
		5.9.1 Becoming a High-Reliability Person: Action Plan
	References
6. Physician Wellness: Engaging Mindfulness
	6.1 Enhancing Wellness and Physician Engagement
		6.1.1 Drivers of High-Level Professional Fulfillment
		6.1.2 Physicians at Risk
	6.2 Enhancing Professional Engagement
		6.2.1 Facilitating Motivation and Mindfulness
		6.2.2 Setting Goals
		6.2.3 Organizational Barriers to Physician Engagement
		6.2.4 The Alignment of Administrators, Leaders, and Organizations to Foster Engagement
		6.2.5 Organizational Mindfulness: An Underdeveloped Resource
		6.2.6 How Does Value-Based Healthcare Influence Innovative Healthcare Delivery?
	6.3 The Benefits of Physician Engagement
		6.3.1 Improving Wellness Reduces Burnout
		6.3.2 Positive Psychiatry
	6.4 Merging Physician Engagement and Organizational Alignment
		6.4.1 Patient-Centered Care
		6.4.2 Respect
		6.4.3 Compassion-Empathy
		6.4.4 Integrity
		6.4.5 Accountability
	6.5 Value-Based Self-Leadership Development
		6.5.1 Happiness as Psychological Equipoise: Lifestyle of Engaged Wellness
	6.6 Mindful Equipoise: Integrity, Values, and Empathy
		6.6.1 Values
		6.6.2 Empathy
	6.7 Final Thoughts
	References
	Further Reading
Index
	A
	B
	C
	D
	E
	F
	H
	I
	J
	M
	N
	O
	P
	R
	S
	T
	U
	V
	W
	Y
	Z
Back Cover