Language Contact: New perspectives

Language Contact......Page 2
Editorial page......Page 3
Title page......Page 4
LCC data......Page 5
Table of contents......Page 6
Acknowledgements......Page 8
Introduction......Page 10
References......Page 14
1. Introduction......Page 16
2. The shift perspective......Page 17
3. The multidimensional perspective......Page 18
4. Dimensions of a definition......Page 20
4.1 Language acquisition......Page 21
4.2 Street language......Page 22
4.4 Ethnolects as transplanted varieties......Page 23
4.5 Ethnolects as compared to these other phenomena......Page 25
5. Towards an integrative perspective......Page 26
6. Conclusion......Page 30
References......Page 32
1. Introduction......Page 36
2. Detecting syntactic differences: Techniques......Page 37
2.1 Tagging......Page 38
2.3 Discussion......Page 39
2.4 Previous work......Page 40
3.1 Linguistic situation of the adult emigrants......Page 41
3.2 Finnish Australian English Corpus (FAEC)......Page 42
4.1 General effects......Page 43
4.2 Specific syntactic effects......Page 44
5. Language technology offers tools to study language contact......Page 49
6. Conclusion......Page 50
References......Page 51
1.1 Subject personal pronouns in Spanish in New York......Page 54
1.2 Grammatical-discourse variables: Person of the verb......Page 56
1.3 Sociodemographic variables: Region and Generation......Page 57
1.5 The corpus and the envelope of variation......Page 58
2.1 The pronoun rate in newcomers and in the New York raised (NYR)......Page 60
2.2 The overt pronoun rate and the variable Person by Region and Generation......Page 62
2.4 The overt pronoun rate in the different generations: Summary......Page 64
3.1 Language contact......Page 65
3.2 Persistence in the second generation......Page 66
3.3 Dialect contact......Page 67
4. Summary and conclusions......Page 68
References......Page 69
1. Introduction......Page 72
2.1 Overview of the Estonian personal pronouns......Page 73
2.2 Language contact research......Page 75
3. Estonian pronoun variation and contact: Hypotheses......Page 77
4.1 Background of the sample......Page 78
4.2 Participants......Page 79
5. Analysis......Page 80
6.2 Speaker groups......Page 82
6.3 Comparison of results with Estonian speakers in Estonia......Page 84
7. Discussion......Page 85
8. Conclusions......Page 88
References......Page 89
1. Introduction......Page 96
2. What kinds of structures?......Page 98
4. Research questions......Page 100
5. Results I: Unconventionality in NL-Turkish......Page 101
6. Results II: Unconventionality in TR-Turkish......Page 105
7. Comparison of unconventional constructions in NL-Turkish and TR-Turkish noun phrases......Page 107
8. Discussion......Page 109
References......Page 110
1. Introduction......Page 112
2. Historical background......Page 113
3. Previous investigations......Page 116
4.1 Material......Page 117
5.1 The proportion of inherited words and loanwords......Page 118
5.2 The contribution of different languages and the relation with language contact......Page 120
6. Conclusions......Page 124
References......Page 125
1. Introduction......Page 128
2. Sociolinguistic background......Page 130
3.1 The geographical distribution of gor......Page 132
3.2 The use of gor in Schleife Sorbian: gor in combination with cu(jare)......Page 133
3.3 Gor in the writings of Hanso Nepila (1761–1856)......Page 134
4. Discussion......Page 137
References......Page 138
1. Introduction......Page 140
2. Background: Bulgarian dialectology......Page 142
3.1 Sources......Page 144
3.2 Sites......Page 145
3.3 Words and conversion......Page 146
3.4 Contact language material......Page 147
4.1 Measuring linguistic distances......Page 148
5. Results......Page 152
5.1 Distances to standard languages......Page 153
5.2 Geographic gradient of contact......Page 154
5.3. Correlation between geographic and linguistic distances......Page 157
6. Conclusions and prospects......Page 159
References......Page 160
Appendix......Page 161
1. Ontogeny versus diachrony in contact-induced change......Page 164
2. [ti] and [twi] in Japanese......Page 167
3.2 Materials......Page 169
3.3 Measurements......Page 170
4.1 The language community......Page 171
4.2 Results: Social factors......Page 172
5.1 Native words......Page 175
5.2 Loan words......Page 177
6.1 A generation gap......Page 180
6.2 Profile of a synchronic borrower......Page 181
7. Conclusion......Page 185
References......Page 186
Appendix A......Page 188
Appendix B......Page 189
1. Introduction......Page 190
2. Euro-enthusiasm vs. Euro-scepticism: The different spirits of the EU......Page 192
3. The corpus and the theoretical framework......Page 196
3.1 Translation theory......Page 197
3.2 Hofstede’s cultural dimension......Page 198
4.1 The main text: The linguistic analysis......Page 200
4.2 The VOX POP: The linguistic analysis......Page 206
5. Conclusions......Page 209
References......Page 211
Appendix......Page 212
Name index......Page 228
Subject index......Page 232
The series IMPACT: Studies in language and society......Page 236