Integrated Research Methods in Public Health, 1e

Cover
Title Page
Copyright Page
Contents
Preface
Acknowledgments
About the Companion Website
Chapter 1 Module 1: Setting theStage for Public Health Research
	Section 1: Fundamental Concepts in Research
	Introduction
		What Is Research?
		What Is Public Health Research?
		Who Conducts Research?
		Cross-Cultural Research
		Stakeholder Engagement
	Philosophical Underpinnings
		Positivism and Postpositivism
		Constructivism
		Participatory Research
		Transformative Research
		Pragmatism
		Mixed Methods
	Theoretical and Conceptual Frameworks
		Theory in Quantitative Research
		Theory in Qualitative Research
	Human Subjects Protection
		Ethics Review Boards
		Informed Consent
		The Ethics Review and Approval Process
		Ethical Review in Emergencies
		Misconduct in Research
	Section 2: Research Study Design Framework
	The Research Study Design Framework
		The Literature Review
		The Research Question
		The Hypothesis
		Study Design
		Designing the Methodology
		Incorporating Theory in Applied Research Design
		Data Collection and Analysis
		Validity and Reliability
		Quantitative Research
		Qualitative Research
		Reporting Research Findings
		Tips for Writing up a Research Study
	Funding Research
	Section 3: Conducting The Literature Review
	Types of Literature Reviews
	The Literature Review Process
		Stage I: Planning the Literature Review
		Phase II: Conducting your Literature Review
		Phase III: Write the Literature Review
		Length of the Report
	References
Chapter 2 Module 2: Quantitative Research
	Section 1: Basic Principles of Quantitative Research
	Introduction
		Philosophical Underpinning
		Ethical Responsibilities
		Research with Persons with Disability
		Cultural Responsiveness
	Philosophical Underpinning
	Ethical Responsibilities
		Research with Persons with Disability
	Cultural Responsiveness
	Research Designs
		Descriptive Studies
		Survey Research
		Analytical Studies
		Secondary Data
	Threats to Validity
	Step 2A: Designing and Implementing the Research Study
	Introduction
	Planning for Research
		Assemble the Research Team
		Conduct the Literature Review
		Writing an Integrative Literature Review
		Theoretical Frameworks in Research
		The Problem Statement
	Designing the Study
		The Conceptual Framework
		The Methodology
	Survey Research Design
		Variables
		The Hypothesis
	Sampling
		Random Sampling Design
		Stratified Sampling
		Cluster Sampling
		Systematic Sampling
		Convenience Sampling
	Sample Size Calculations
		Step 2B: Designing and Implementing the Research Study
	Step 2B: Desig ning and Implementing the Research Study
	Designing a Survey Instrument
		Survey Instrument Validity
		Survey Instrument Reliability
	Translating Survey Instruments
		The Informed Consent Form and Process
		The Consent Form
	Step 2C: Designing and Implementing the Research Study
	Collecting Survey Data
		Social Desirability
		Training
	Distributing and Delivering Surveys
		Traditional Methods of Delivering Surveys
		Web-Based Surveys
	Step 2D: Designing and Implementing the Research Study
	Analyzing and Interpreting the Survey Data
		Bivariate Analysis
		Multivariate Analysis
		Reporting Quantitative Data
		Study Strengths and Limitations
	Step 3: Pulling It All Together: An Overview of Grant Writing
	Introduction
		Learn the Basics/Plan the Approach
		The Letter of Intent
		Write the Application
		Budget and Budget Justification
		Budget Justification
	Application and Review
		Preaward and Award Process
	References
	Module 2: Resources
	Introduction
Chapter 3 Module 3: Qualitative Research Methods
	Section 1: Introduction to Qualitative Research
	Introduction
	Philosophical Underpinnings
	Attributes of Qualitative Research
	When to Use Qualitative Research
	Qualitative Research Designs
		Case Study Research
		Ethnography
		Grounded Theory Method
		Phenomenology
		Narrative Research
		Participatory Qualitative Research: Photovoice
	The Qualitative Research Process
		Summary
	Section 2: Conceptualizing A Qualitative Research Study
	Introduction
	Selecting a Broad Research Area
	Defining the Research Topic
	Conducting a Literature Review For a Qualitative Research Study
	Defining the Research Problem
	Defining The Purpose Of The Study
	Formulating the Research Questions
	Using Theoretical and Conceptual Frameworks in Qualitative Research
	Section 3: Designing and Implementing a Qualitative Research Study
	Introduction
	Writing a Qualitative Research Proposal
	Ethical Considerations
		The Informed Consent Form and Process
	Selecting the Study Sites and Participants
		Sampling Methods and Sample Size
		Negotiating Entry into the Study Sites
		Recruitment and Selection Process
		Incentives and Compensation
	Collecting Qualitative Data
		Interviews
		Structure of the Interview
		Types of Interview Questions
		Developing an Interview Guide
		Conducting an Interview
		Focus Groups
		Observations
		Document Review
		Field Notes
	Ensuring the Trustworthiness of the Findings
		Credibility
		Dependability
		Transferability
		Confirmability
	Managing Qualitative Data
		Digitization
		Transcription, Verification, Deidentification
		Translation
	Analyzing and Interpreting Qualitative Data
		Qualitative Data Analysis Software
	Reporting and Disseminating the Research Findings
		Writing a Qualitative Research Report
	References
Chapter 4 Module 4: Research Methodology—Mixed Methods Approaches
	Introduction
	Section 1: Mixed Methods Design
	Introduction
	Philosophical Underpinning
	Theoretical Frameworks in Mixed Methods Research
	Convergent/Concurrent Designs
	Sequential Designs
		Exploratory Sequential Design
		Explanatory Sequential Design
	Complex Designs
		Validity in Mixed Methods Research Designs
		Data Analysis
	Ethical Responsibilities
	Informed Consent
	Cultural Responsiveness
	Section 2: The Two Paradigms—Mixed Methods Research Designing the Research Study
	Planning for Research
		Assemble the Research Team
		Conduct the Literature Review
		The Problem Statement
		The Research Question in Mixed Methods Research
		The Conceptual Framework
		Sampling Schemes and Sample Size
		Data Collection
	Quantitative Data
	GIS Mapping
	Qualitative Research
	Individual Interviews
		Focus Groups
		Observations
		Document Review
		Analyze the Data
		Analyzing Qualitative and Quantitative Data
	Report the Findings
	Data Transformation
		Converting Qualitative data to Numerical Data
		Converting Numerical Data to Qualitative Data
	Ethical Considerations
	Section 3: Case Study—Embedded Mixed Methods Design
	Introduction
	Literature Review And Problem Statement
		The Socioecological Model (SEM)
	Individual Factors
	Interpersonal Factors
	Community Factors
	Organizational Factors
	Policy Factors
	Best Practices in Prenatal Care
	Evaluation Design
	The Study Setting
	Methodology
	Patients, Providers, and Staff Surveys (Quant)
		Patient Survey
		Staff and Provider Surveys
	Observations (Qual)
	Document Review (Qual)
	GIS Mapping (Qual)
	Data Analysis
	Results
		Demographic Profile of the Sample
		Staff and Provider Demographics
		Experiences with Prenatal Care Services
		Barriers to Early Prenatal Care Entry
		Information Needs of Prenatal Care Patients
		Providers’ Perceptions of Patient Information Needs
	A Review of Family Health Centers’ Prenatal Care Materials and Website
	Provider and Staff Recommendations to Increase Early Entry Into Pnc
	Discussion
		Limitations of This Study
	Recommendations
	The Literature Review and Problem Statement
		The Evaluation Design
		Participant Eligibility
		Study Findings and Conclusions
	Conclusions
	Study Limitations
	Acknowledgment
	References
Chapter 5 Module 5: Writing and Disseminating the Research Findings
	Section 1: Writing the Research Report
	Introduction
	The Structure and Content of the Report
		Front Matter of the Report
		Body of the Report
		End Matter of the Report
	Reporting Guidelines and Tools
	Ethical, Legal, and Cultural Considerations in Writing a Research Report
		Intellectual Property and Ownership
		Representation of Research Findings
		Plagiarism
	Section 2: Disseminating the Report to Academic Audiences
	Introduction
		Peer-Reviewed Journal Articles
		Step 1: Plan the Manuscript
		Step 2: Develop the Outline
		Step 3: Draft the Manuscript
		Step 4: Internal Review, Feedback, and Revisions
		Step 5: Submit the Manuscript
		Step 6: Act on Editors’ and Reviewers’ Decisions
	The Peer-Review Process of a Journal Article
	Scientific Conference Presentations
	Ethical Considerations In Publishing the Findings
	Section 3: Disseminating The Report To Nonacademic Audiences
	Introduction
	Disseminating The Findings To Practitioners
	Disseminating the Findings to Communities or The General Public
		In Person
		In Print
		Online
		Social Media
		Health Literacy Considerations
	Disseminating The Findings To Policymakers
		Meeting with Policymakers
		Developing Policy Briefs
	Disseminating the Findings to the Media
		Press or News Releases
		Op-Eds
		Media Interviews
	References
Index
EULA