Impact of Family Planning Programmes on Fertility: The U.S. Experience

- Acknowledgments
- List Of Tables
- List Of Figures
- List Of Abbreviations
- Introduction
Chapter 1 "The Development Of US Family Planning"
- Programs And The Goals Of This Research
- The Scope Of Organized Family Planning Programs
- The Period Under Study
- Trends In Fertility
- Purposes And Design Of The Study
- Notes
Chapter 2 "Methodology"
- Units Of Analysis And Sources Of Data
- Treatment Of Statistical Analysis Units
- Classification Of Women
- Independent Variables
- Program Enrollment
- Interpreting An Imperfect Measure Of Program Enrollment
- Other Independent Variables
- Dependent Variables
- Vital Statistics Fertility Rates
- Census Fertility Measures
- Issues In Statistical Procedure And Interpretation
- Determining Which Multivariate Method Should Be Used
- Ignoring Curvilinear Relationships And Heteroscedasticity
- Interpreting Statistics Used In Regression Analysis
- Extrapolating Beyond Observed Data
- Recursive And Nonrecursive Models
- The "Ecological Fallacy" And Interpretation Of Areal Effects
- Adjustment Of Unstandardized Regression Coefficients
- Measuring Program Effects
- Notes
Chapter 3. "Determinants Of Program Enrollment, 1969 And 1971"
- Theoretical And Measurement Issues
- Determinants Of Enrollment Of Patients Below 200 Percent Of Poverty
- The Number-Of-Agencies Form Of The Model
- The Agentypes Form Of The Model
- Comparison Of The Two Forms
- Determinants Of Program Enrollment, 1969 And 1971
- Differences In The Determinants Of The Pr0portion Served
- Between SAUs With Different Numbers Of Women In Need
- Differences Among Provider Agencies
- Summary
- Notes
Chapter 3. "Measuring Program Effects On Fertility Rates"
- Analyses Of Various Fertility Rates, By Race
- Children Ever Born To Wives, By Race, Age, And Poverty
- Children Ever Born To White Wives
- Children Ever Born To Black Wives
- Note
Chapter 4. "Program Effects On Marital Fertility"
- Program Effects On White Wives, By Age And Poverty
- Program Effects On Black Wives, By Age And Poverty
- Program Effects On White Wives, By Age And Income
- Program Effects On Black Wives, By Age And Income
- Program Effects On White Wives In White SAUs
- Preliminary Summary
- Program Effects On Teen-Age Marital Fertility
- Analyses Of White Teen-Age Wives
- White Teen-Age Marital Fertility, By Family Income
- Analyses Of Black Teen-Age Wives
- Testing The Plausibility Of Estimates Of Program Effects On Marital Fertility
- Conclusion
- Note
Chapter 5. "Program Effects On Fertility Of Women In All Marital Statuses"
- Program Effects On 1969 Children Under One Year
- Potential Of Family Planning Programs To Reduce Differential Fertility
- Notes
- Short-Term Costs And Benefits Of Family Planning Clinic Programs, 1970-75
- Births Averted, 1970-75
- Short-Term Governmental Costs Saved By Averting Unwanted And Unintended Births
- Federal Expenditures For Family Planning Services And Benefit/ Cost Ratios
- Notes
- Conclusions And Policy Implications
- Conclusions
- Policy Implications
- Notes
Appendices:
- Do Differences In Measures Of Marital Fertility Affect Estimates Of Program Effects?
- Adjustments Of Birth Planning Failure Rates From 150 Percent To 200 Percent Of Poverty Cutoff
- Births Averted By Family Planning Clinic Programs: 1970-75
- Short-Term Costs Of Medical Care, Public Assistance, And Social Services Associated With Low-Income And Marginal-Income Births: 1970-75
- The Authors

List Of Tables:

- Estimated Number Of Patients In Organized Family Planning Programs: Fiscal 1965-Fiscal 1975
- Numbers Of Women, Counties, SAUs, Women In Need, And 1969 Patients, By Number Of Counties In The SAU: All Races, Aged 15-44, 1969-70
- Characteristics Of SAUs, By Racial Classification And Number Of Counties In SAU: 1969 And 1970
- Subgroups Of Women For Whom Separate White And Black Fertility Measures Are Available: 1969 Or 1970
- Summary Of Variables: Labels And Definitions
- Distribution Of White And Black SAUs By Program Enrollment: Calendar Year 1969
- Estimating Program Effects On Fertility: Recursive And Nonrecursive Models
- Determinants Of Number Of Patients Below 200 Percent Of Poverty Per 1,000 Women In Need, By Measure Of Agencies: Fiscal 1971 36 Determinants Of Program Enrollment: 1969 And 1971
- Effects Of Number Of Agencies And Locations On Two Measures Of Program Enrollment, By Estimated Need In SAU And Measure Of Agencies: 1969 And 1971
- Effects Of Number Of Specific Types Of Provider Agencies On Program Enrollment: Fiscal 1971
- Means And Standard Deviations Of Variables In Analyses Of All Women Aged 15-44: 1970
- Effects Of Independent Variables On Various Fertility Measures, All Women Aged 15-44, By Race: 1970
- Xmeans And Standard Deviations Of Variables In Analyses Of White Wives, By Age And Poverty Status: 1970
- Effects On CEB Per 1,000 White Wives, By Age And Poverty Status: 1970
- Means And Standard Deviations Of Variables In Analyses Of Black Wives, By Age And Poverty Status: 1970
- Effects On CEB Per 1,000 Black Wives, By Age And Poverty Status: 1970
- Effects On Children Under One Year Per 1,000 White Wives, By Age And Poverty Status: 1970
- Effects On Children Under One Year Per 1,000 Black Wives, By Age And Poverty Status: 1970
- Means And Standard Deviations Of Variables In Analyses Of White Wives, By Age And Income Group: 1970
- Effects On Children Under One Year Per 1,000 White Wives, By Age And Income Group: 1970
- Means And Standard Deviations Of Variables In Analyses Of Black Wives, By Age And Income Group: 1970
- Effects On Children Under One Year Per 1,000 Black Wives, By Age And Income Group: 1970
- Summary Of Program Enrollment Effects On Children Under One Year, Per 1,000 Wives, By Age, Race, And SES: 1970
- Means And Standard Deviations Of Variables In Analyses Of Wives Aged 15-19, By Race And Poverty Status: 1970
- Effects On 1969 Parity And Children Under One Year Per 1,000 White Wives Aged 15-19, By Poverty Status: 1970
- Effects On Children Under One Year Per 1,000 White Wives Aged 15-19, By Income Group: 1970
- effects On 1969 Parity And Children Under One Year Per 1,000 Black Wives Aged 15-19, By Poverty Status: 1970
- Expected Reductions In White Marital Fertility, Assuming Zero
- Planning Failures And All Women In Need Served By Family Planning Programs: 1970
- Expected Reductions In Black Marital Fertility, Assuming Zero
- Planning Failures And All Women In Need Served By Family Planning Programs: 1970
- Mean SAU Rates For Married, Spouse-Present Women Per 1,000 Women, By Race And Age: 1970
- Mean SAU Number Of Children Under One Year Living With Women In All Marital Statuses And Married, Spouse-Present Women, By Race And Age: 1970
- Comparison Of Fertility Measures Derived From Vital Statistics And 1970 Census, By Age, Race, And SES: 1969
- Summary Of Program Enrollment Effects On Children Under One Year Per 1,000 Women In All Marital Statuses, By Age, Race, And SES: 1970
- Estimates Of Potential Effects Of Family Planning Programs On Reducing 1969 SES Fertility Differences, By Age, Race, Poverty Status, And Income Group
- Estimated Low-Income And Marginal-Income Births Averted By Family Planning Clinic Programs: 1970-75
- Approximations Of Governmental Expenditures For Medical Services Per Low-Income And Marginal-Income Birth: 1970-75
- Estimated Governmental Expenditures For Public Assistance And Selected Services Per Birth Averted: 1970-75
- Estimated Savings In Governmental Expenditures Per Birth Averted By Family Planning Clinic Programs: 1970-75
- Computation Of Estimated Short-Term Cost/ Benefit Ratios Of Federal Expenditures For Family Planning Clinic Programs: 1970-75
- marital Fertility And Ratio Of MFR To Children Under One Year Per 1,000 Wives, By Age And Race: 1970
- Effects Of Program Enrollment On Ratio Of MFR To Children Under One Year Per 1,000 Wives, By Age And Race: 1970
- Proportion Of 1968-70 Births To White Wives Defined As Number And Timing Failures, By Age, Poverty Status, And Income Group
- Proportion Of 1968-70 Births To Black Wives Defined As Number And Timing Failures, By Age, Poverty Status, And Income Group
- Adjusted Proportion Of 1968-70 Births Defined As Planning Failures By Wives Below 200 Percent Of Poverty, By Race And Age
- Calculation Of Estimated Low-Income And Marginal-Income Births Averted By Family Planning Clinic Programs, By Race And Age: 1970-75
- Calculation Of Estimated Births Averted By Family Planning Clinic Programs Among Teen-Agers Above 200 Percent Of Poverty, By Race: 1970-75
- Estimated Average Costs Of Maternity And Pediatric Care During Infant's First Year For Low-Income And Marginal-Income Women: 1967-75
- Approximation Of Government's Share Of Hospital Maternity And Pediatric Costs For Low-Income And Marginal-Income Women: 1970-75
- Approximation Of Government's Share Of Physicians' Costs For Maternity And Pediatric Care For Low-Income And Marginal-Income Women: 1970-75
- Estimated Annual Costs Of Public Assistance And Selected Services Per AFDC Recipient: 1970-75

List Of Figures:

- Number Of Agencies Per County And Locations Per 1,000 Women In Need Required To Achieve An Enrollment Rate Of 500 Patients Per 1,000 Women In Need, By Number Of Women In Need Per SAU: 1971
- Number Of Agency Types Per County And Locations Per 1,000 Women In Need Required To Achieve An Enrollment Rate Of 500 Patients Per 1,000 Women In Need, By Number Of Women In Need Per SAU: 1971