Image Guided Radiation Therapy

Contributors......Page 6
Preface......Page 22
Contents......Page 24
1: Overview
......Page 32
2: Computed Tomography......Page 44
3: Positron Emission Tomography
......Page 53
4: Magnetic Resonance Imaging
......Page 60
5: Ultrasound Systems
......Page 76
6: Video Systems
......Page 89
7: Electronic Portal Imaging Devices
......Page 105
8: Integrated Computed Tomography/Linac Systems
......Page 130
9: Kilovoltage Imaging Systems
......Page 141
10: Megavoltage Imaging Systems
......Page 154
11: Respiratory Management Technologies
......Page 161
12: Electromagnetic Tracking
......Page 173
13: Emerging In-Room Imaging Technologies
......Page 187
14: Quality Assurance in the Image-Guided Era
......Page 196
15: Central Nervous System Tumors: Overview
......Page 206
15A: GA-DOTATOC-PET-Guided Target Delineation in a Patient with an Intracranial Meningioma
......Page 218
15B: MR Spectroscopy-Guided Target Delineation in a Patient with a Recurrent Glioblastoma Multiforme
......Page 222
15C: Functional MR-Guided Target Delineation in a Patient with a Cerebral AVM Undergoing SRS
......Page 225
15D: Image-Guided SRS in a Patient with Trigeminal Neuralgia using the CyberKnife System
......Page 229
15E: Planar Image-Guided Frameless IMRT in a Patient with Recurrent Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma on a Novalis Linear Accelerator
......Page 232
16: Head and Neck Tumors: Overview
......Page 235
16A: F-FDG PET-Guided Target Delineation in a Patient with Hypopharyngeal Carcinoma
......Page 255
16B: MR-Guided Target Delineation in a Patient with Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
......Page 261
16C: F-Fluoromisonidazole PET-Guided Target Delineation in a Patient with Base of Tongue Carcinoma
......Page 265
16D: F-FDG PET-Guided Target Delineation in a Patient with Recurrent Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
......Page 270
16E: Electronic Portal Image-Guided Setup in a Patient with Head & Neck Cancer on a Varian Linear Accelerator
......Page 273
16F: MVCT-Guided IMRT Using the Helical Tomotherapy System in a Patient with Tonsillar Carcinoma
......Page 276
16G: KV CBCT-Guided IMRT Using the Elekta Synergy System in a Patient with Tonsillar Carcinoma
......Page 279
16H: Real-Time Reverse Subtraction Video-Guided Setup and Intrafraction Monitoring in a Patient with Head & Neck Cancer
......Page 283
17: Lung Cancer: Overview
......Page 287
17A: F-FDG PET-Guided Target Delineation in a Patient with Lung Cancer
......Page 298
17B: Four-Dimensional SBRT Using the CyberKnife Synchrony System in a Patient with Early Stage Lung Cancer
......Page 302
17C: Hypofractionated IGRT Using the Helical Tomotherapy System in a Patient with Inoperable Lung Cancer
......Page 306
17D: Deep Inspiration Breath-Hold KV CBCT-Guided SBRT Using the Varian Trilogy System in a Patient with Stage I Lung Cancer
......Page 309
17E: Respiratory Gated KV CBCT-Guided SBRT Using the Varian Trilogy System in a Patient with Stage I Lung Cancer
......Page 313
18: Breast Cancer: Overview
......Page 316
18A: Three-Dimensional Ultrasound-Guided Target Delineation and Treatment Delivery Using the Clarity Ultrasound System in a Patient with Breast Cancer
......Page 327
18B: MVCT-Guided Patient Setup Using the Helical Tomotherapy System in a Patient with Early Stage Breast Cancer
......Page 332
18C: KV CBCT-Guided Treatment Delivery Using the Elekta Synergy System in a Patient with Breast Cancer
......Page 336
18D: Video-Guided Patient Positioning and Localization Using the AlignRT System in a Patient with Breast Cancer
......Page 339
18E: KV CT-Guided Radiotherapy Using the Siemens CT-on-Rails System in a Patient with Early Stage Breast Cancer
......Page 343
19: Gastrointestinal Tumors: Overview
......Page 347
19A: F-FDG PET-Guided Target Delineation in a Patient with Esophageal Cancer
......Page 359
19B: MR-Guided Target Delineation in a Patient with Hepatocellular Carcinoma
......Page 364
19C: KV Planar Image-Guided Tumor Localization in a Pancreatic Cancer Patient...
......Page 368
19D: Image-Guided Hypofractionated Radiotherapy Using the RTRT System in a Patient with Hepatocellular Carcinoma
......Page 372
19E: KV Planar Image-Guided SBRT Using the CyberKnife System in a Patient with Recurrent Pancreatic Cancer
......Page 376
20: Genitourinary Tumors: Overview
......Page 380
20A: MR-Guided Target Delineation in a Patient with Prostate Cancer
......Page 396
20B: ProstaScint-Guided Target Delineation in a Patient with Prostate Cancer...
......Page 398
20C: Ultrasound-Guided Target Localization Using the Clarity System in a Patient with Prostate Cancer
......Page 403
20D: Electronic Portal Image-Guided Setup in a Prostate Cancer Patient...
......Page 408
20E: KV Planar Imaging-Guided IMRT Using the Novalis Shaped-Beam System in a Patient with Intermediate Risk Prostate Cancer
......Page 412
20F: KV Planar Imaging-Guided SBRT Using the CyberKnife System in a Patient with Localized Prostate Cancer
......Page 417
20G: MV CBCT-Guided IMRT on a Siemens Oncor Linear Accelerator in a Patient with Prostate Cancer
......Page 421
20H: Image-Guided SBRT Using the Varian Trilogy and Calypso 4D-Localization System in a Patient with Early Stage Prostate Cancer
......Page 426
20I: MVCT-Guided Hypofractionated IMRT Using Helical Tomotherapy in a Patient with Prostate Cancer.........Page 429
20J: KV CBCT-Guided IMRT Using a Varian Linear Accelerator in a Patient with Localized Bladder Cancer
......Page 433
20K: Real-Time Target Localization and Tracking Using the Calypso System in a Patient with Prostate Cancer Undergoing IMRT
......Page 438
21: Gynecologic Tumors: Overview
......Page 442
21A: MR-Guided Target Delineation in a Patient with Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer.........Page 461
21B: F-FDG PET-Guided Target Delineation for External Beam Radiotherapy and Intracavitary Brachytherapy...
......Page 467
21C: F-FDG Pet and MR-Guided Target Delineation in a Patient with Stage IIIB Cervical Cancer
......Page 471
21D: Fat Fraction MR and F-FDG PET-Guided Active Bone Marrow Delineation in a Patient with Cervical Cancer.........Page 474
21E: Real-Time Ultrasound-Guided Brachytherapy in a Patient with Cervical Cancer.........Page 478
21F: Fractionated Image-Guided Stereotactic Radiotherapy Boost in a Patient with Stage IIB Endometrial Cancer.........Page 481
21G: Ultrasound-Guided Applicator Placement and Treatment Planning in a Patient with Cervical Cancer.........Page 485
21H: On-Line Planar and Volumetric-Based Patient Setup and Tumor Localization in a Patient with Stage IIB Cervical Cancer...
......Page 488
21I: KV Planar Image-Guided 3DCRT Using a Varian Linear Accelerator in a Patient with Endometrial Adenosarcoma
......Page 493
22: Lymphoma/Leukemia: Overview
......Page 496
22A: PET/CT-Guided Target Delineation in a Patient with Early Stage Hodgkin's Lymphoma
......Page 509
22B: F-FDG PET-Guided Target Delineation in a Patient with Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma
......Page 512
22C: MR-Guided Active Bone Marrow Delineation in a Patient with Acute Pre-T Cell ALL Treated with Intensity Modulated Total Marrow Irradiation
......Page 515
22D: MVCT-Guided Total Marrow Irradiation Using Helical Tomotherapy in a Patient with ALL
......Page 520
22E: KV CBCT-Guided IMRT Using the Varian Trilogy System in a Patient with Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma
......Page 525
23: Pediatric Tumors: Overview
......Page 529
23A: Optically Guided Frameless SRS Using the Varian Trilogy in a Patient with a Juvenile Pilocytic Astrocytoma
......Page 538
23B: KV Planar Image-Guided Setup Using the Varian Trilogy System in a Patient with an Intracranial Ependymoma
......Page 542
24: Metastatic Disease: Overview
......Page 545
24A: KV CBCT-Guided Frameless SRS in a Patient with a Solitary Brain Metastasis Treated on a Varian Linear Accelerator
......Page 557
24B: Optically Guided Frameless SRS Using a Single Isocenter Technique in a Breast Cancer Patient..........Page 563
24C: Image-Guided Single-Fraction IMRT Using a Varian Linear Accelerator in a Patient with a Paraspinal Metastasis
......Page 567
24D: KV Planar Image-Guided Frameless SRS in a Patient with a Cervical Spine Metastasis Treated Using the CyberKnife System......Page 571
24E: KV CT-Guided SBRT Using the Varian CT-on-Rails System in a Patient with a Solitary Spine Metastasis
......Page 575
24F: MVCT-Guided Simultaneous Multitarget Hypo-fractionated Radiotherapy Using Helical Tomotherapy...
......Page 579
24G: KV Planar Image-Guided SBRT Using the CyberKnife System in a Renal Cell Carcinoma Patient...
......Page 583
24H: KV Planar Image-Guided SBRT Using the Novalis System in an Ovarian Cancer Patient.........Page 587
24I: Electronic Portal Cine Imaging During Single-Fraction SBRT Using a Varian Linear Accelerator in a Breast Cancer Patient.........Page 590
24J: KV CBCT-Guided SBRT Using the Elekta Synergy System in a Breast Cancer Patient...
......Page 593
24K: DV CT-Guided SBRT in a Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patient with a Solitary Lung Metastasis.........Page 597
25: Adaptive IGRT: A Physician's Perspective
......Page 601
26: Adaptive IGRT: A Physicist's Perspective
......Page 626
27: Economic Analysis of IGRT
......Page 637
28: IGRT: A Cautionary Note
......Page 642
Index
......Page 648