How Design Increases Value for Architects and Engineers

Foreword
Foreword
Preface
Acknowledgments
Contents
List of Figures
List of Tables
About the Author
Part I: Introduction to Design Added Value
	Chapter 1: Introduction
		Relevance of Economics
		Architecture, Engineering, Construction (AEC)
		Value-Based Design (VBD): Combining Economics and AEC
	Chapter 2: Capital Projects and Building Assessment
		Capital Projects
		Evaluation in the AEC Sector
			Post-Occupancy Evaluation (POE)
			Facility Performance Evaluation
			Building Feasibility Analysis
		Simulation-Based Evaluation
		Building Commissioning
		Current Challenges and Opportunities in the AEC Sector
			Performance Emphasis
			Stakeholder Savvy
			Integration of Design and Operations of Capital Projects
		BIM: The Emerging Digital Platform of Capital Project Delivery
			Digital Information Advances
		Exercise 1
	Chapter 3: Fallingwater: A Celebrated Case of DAV Analysis
		In the Early Years
			Moisture Penetration
			Structural Problems
			A Retrospective Analysis
		VBD Features of Fallingwater and Their “Spin” and “Buzz”
		Stakeholders and the VBD Analysis of Fallingwater
		Fallingwater’s Costs and Benefits with Risk
			Benchmarking the Costs and Benefits of Fallingwater’s Design Features with Risk
		Exercise 2
	Chapter 4: Value-Based Design
		Real-Estate Economics
			Qualitative Estimates of Investment Value
			Qualitative Estimates of Building Investment Value
			A Quantitative Example of Investment Value
			Qualitative Estimate of Value Added Investment
			Use Value Versus Exchange Value
		Pre Facto Versus Post Facto Analysis
		Exercise 3
Part II: DAV Analysis Methods
	Chapter 5: Cost–Benefit with Risk Analysis
		Cost–Benefit Analysis in the DAV
			Soft Costs
				Construction and Operating Costs
				Other Costs
				Benefits
			VBD Elicitation Methods
		Exercise 4
	Chapter 6: Elicitation Methods
		Structured Interview
		Brainstorming
		Prototyping
		Cognitive Walkthrough
		Ethnographic Observation
		Exercise 5.1
		Exercise 5.2
	Chapter 7: Pre facto and Post facto Analysis
		Pre facto Analysis: (De-)value Engineering
			What Is Function?
			What Is Cost?
			A Summary Approach to Value Engineering in DAV
		Pre Facto Analysis: Carry-Over of Estimates from Precedents
			Post facto Analysis: Archival Documentation of Parameters
			Documenting the Features
			Documenting the Stakeholders
			Document Costs at Three Levels of Impact
			Document Benefit at Three Levels of Impact
		Exercise 6
	Chapter 8: Quantitative DAV Analysis Methods
		Scaling Ordinal Values
		Sensitivity Analysis of Parameters
		Risk Analysis
		Bayesian Probability Estimates
		Optimization with Graphics Methods
		Optimization by Methods of Calculus
		Optimization by Simplex Methods
		Exercise 7.1
		Exercise 7.2
		Exercise 7.3
	Chapter 9: Expertise, Innovation, and Creativity in Support of DAV
		Innovation by eXtreme Design
		Creativity
			Early Stages of Design: Antonio Gaudi’s Work
			Frames of Reference in Puzzles: A View of Expertise in Creativity
			Breaking the Frame of Reference
		Exercise 8
Part III: DAV Analysis of Two Seminal Case Studies
	Chapter 10: The Swiss Re Tower: Analysis of a Seminal Case
		Project Parameters
		DAV Analysis of the Swiss Re Tower
			VBD Feature: Building Form
		Building Form: Cost–Benefit Analysis and Benchmarking
			VBD Feature: Diagrid Structural System
				Diagrid Structure: Cost–Benefit Analysis
		Economic Analysis of the Swiss Re Tower
			Exchange Value
				Use Value
				Aggregated DAV Evaluation
		Exercise 9
	Chapter 11: The Commerzbank Tower: Analysis of Another Seminal Case
		Overview
		DAV Analysis
			Spin and Buzz
			Stakeholders
		DAV Feature Analysis of the Double-Skin Facade
			Risks
			Costs
			Benefits
			Benchmarking
		Benchmarking
			AHP Comparison of High-Rise Cladding
		DAV Feature: Steel Vierendeel Truss Structure System
			Risks
			Costs
			Benefits
			Benchmarking
			AHP Comparison of High-Rise Structure
			Impact Analysis
		Summary
		Exercise 10
Part IV: Selected Case Studies
	Chapter 12: John Hancock Tower, Boston, MA, USA
		Background
		Findings About the Plate Glass Breakage Problem
		Resolution of the Glass Breakage Problem
		Exercise 11
	Chapter 13: Kansas City Hyatt Regency, Kansas City, MO, USA
		Background
		Configuration
		Findings
		Exercise 12
	Chapter 14: Pruitt-Igoe, Saint Louis, MO, USA
		Idiosyncrasies of American Public Housing
		The Effort to Salvage
		Causes of Failure
			Physical Design
			Site Location
			Tenant Characteristics
			Management Practices
		Exercise 13
	Chapter 15: Crystal Palace, London, UK
		Background
		Achievements of the Crystal Palace
		The End
		Exercise 14
	Chapter 16: Sydney Opera House, Sydney, Australia
		A Brief History
			The Competition
			Submissions
		The Podium
		The Shell
		Epilogue
		Exercise 15
	Chapter 17: Citicorp Tower, New York City, NY, USA
		Background
		The Structure
		Resolution
		Exercise 16
Appendix: Design-Added Value Methods Recommended for Analyzing Case Studies
Bibliography
Index