Heart Failure Clinics Vol 03 Issue 02 2007 The Role of Surgery in Heart Failure, Part I

1......Page 1
2......Page 4
Surgical Intervention in Heart Failure: Observing Obedience to the Nature......Page 5
References......Page 6
Preface......Page 7
A Tribute to Norman E. Shumway, MD, PhD (1923-2006)......Page 10
References......Page 13
Military service......Page 15
Partial and total artificial hearts......Page 16
References......Page 17
Assessment of left ventricle function......Page 19
What the surgeon needs to know from the imager about acute myocardial infarction......Page 20
Cardiogenic shock......Page 21
Nuclear imaging......Page 22
What the surgeon needs to know about ischemic MR......Page 23
Detection of thrombus......Page 24
Degenerative MR......Page 25
Aortic stenosis......Page 26
Pre- and postevaluation of function and monitoring of ischemia......Page 28
Early valves complications......Page 29
Late valves complications......Page 30
Left ventricular assist devices......Page 32
References......Page 33
Surgery for Heart Failure: Now Something for Everyone?......Page 36
What constitutes the heart failure population?......Page 37
Ventricular restoration surgery......Page 39
The potential for myocardial recovery......Page 43
Outcome after surgery for the three V’s......Page 45
What can be done for those who do not have a target lesion or recoverable myocardium?......Page 48
Myocardial regeneration: future potential......Page 49
References......Page 51
Mechanisms of postcardiotomy myocardial dysfunction......Page 55
Identification of patients at risk for postoperative low cardiac output syndrome......Page 57
Aspects of myocardial protection......Page 59
The management of patients at risk for low cardiac output syndrome......Page 61
Inhaled nitric oxide gas and elevated pulmonary vascular resistance......Page 63
Pulsatile extracorporeal circulatory support systems......Page 65
Extracorporeal centrifugal blood pumps......Page 68
Outcome after circulatory support for postcardiotomy cardiogenic shock......Page 70
Elective transfer from cardiopulmonary bypass to centrifugal blood pump support in very high-risk cardiac surgery......Page 71
References......Page 73
Pathophysiology......Page 77
Rationale for medical treatment......Page 78
Rationale for reperfusion......Page 79
Reperfusion benefit mechanisms......Page 80
Impaired myocardium in acute and acute on chronic ischemia......Page 82
Thrombolysis......Page 83
Percutaneous coronary intervention......Page 84
Surgical intervention......Page 85
Rationale for early revascularization......Page 90
Cardiogenic shock......Page 92
Mechanical support......Page 94
Surgical treatment for an acute event in chronically ischemic myocardium......Page 97
References......Page 98
Results of coronary artery bypass grafting in patients who have low left ventricular ejection fraction......Page 107
Patient selection for coronary artery bypass grafting in the setting of low left ventricular 	ejection fraction......Page 110
Direct comparison of coronary artery bypass grafting and percutaneous coronary intervention......Page 113
References......Page 121
Criteria for revascularization in heart failure patients......Page 125
Modes of revascularization in heart failure patients......Page 126
Risks of revascularization and technical considerations in patients who have heart failure......Page 127
Need and use of support when performing percutaneous coronary intervention in patients who have heart failure......Page 128
References......Page 129
Left ventricular shape and function abnormalities following myocardial infarction......Page 132
Surgical ventricular restoration for ischemic heart failure......Page 133
Need for a randomized trial......Page 134
Expectations from the Surgical Treatment of Ischemic Heart Failure Trial: surgical arm, hypothesis 2......Page 135
References......Page 137
Burning Questions in Heart Failure Management: Why Do Surgeons and Interventional Cardiologists Talk of Regenerative Cell Therapy?......Page 139
Skeletal myoblasts......Page 140
Cell-delivery techniques......Page 141
Chronic myocardial disease......Page 142
Physician attitudes to stem cell research and ‘‘therapy’’......Page 143
References......Page 144
15......Page 147