Hearing: An Introduction to Psychological and Physiological Acoustics

Cover
Half Title
Title
Copyright
Dedication
Contents
Hearing 7th Ed. – Preface
1 Physical Concepts
	Physical Quantities
	Decibel Notation
	Harmonic Motion and Sound
	Combining Waves
	Complex Waves
	Filters
	Standing Waves
	Impedance
	Notes
	References
2 Anatomy
	Gross Anatomy and Overview
	Temporal Bone
	Outer Ear
		Pinna
		Ear Canal
		Eardrum
	Middle Ear
		Ossicular Chain
		Intratympanic Muscles
	Inner Ear
		Osseous and Membranous Labyrinths
		Inner Ear Fluids
		Vestibular Organs
		Cochlea
		Hair Cells
		Innervation
		Efferent Innervation of the Hair Cells
	Central Auditory Pathways
		Ascending Auditory Pathways
		Descending Auditory Pathways
	Notes
	References
3 Conductive Mechanism
	Outer Ear
		Pinna
		Ear Canal
	Middle Ear
		Middle Ear Transformer Mechanism
		Middle Ear Response
	Bone Conduction
	Middle Ear Muscle (Acoustic) Reflex
		Reflex Parameters
	Notes
	References
4 Cochlear Mechanisms and Processes
	Action of Sensory Receptors
	Classical Theories of Hearing
		Classical Resonance Theory
		Traveling Wave Theory
		Classical Temporal Theories
		Place-Volley Theory
	The Traveling Wave
	Hair Cell Activation
	Mechanoelectrical Transduction
	Cochlear Electrical Potentials
		Resting Potentials
		Receptor Potentials
		Cochlear Microphonics
	Cochlear Tuning and Frequency Selectivity
	Nonlinearity in the Cochlea
	Active Processes and the Cochlear Amplifier
		The Presin Motor
	Otoacoustic Emissions
	Notes
	References
5 Auditory Nerve
	Frequency Coding
		Tuning Curves
		Firing Patterns
		Two-Tone Suppression
	Intensity Coding
	Speech Coding
	Whole-Nerve Action Potentials
	Note
	References
6 Auditory Pathways
	Responses of the Auditory Nervous System
	Binaural and Related Responses
		Brainstem
		Medial Geniculate Body
		Cortex
	Tonotopic Organization
		Cochlear Nuclei
		Superior Olivary Complex
		Lateral Lemniscus
		Inferior Colliculus
		Medial Geniculate Body
		Cortex
		Frequency-Following Response
		Auditory Steady-State Response
	Medial Olivocochlear Reflex
	Notes
	References
7 Psychoacoustic Methods
	Scales of Measurement
	Measurement Methods
		Classical Methods of Measurement
		Adaptive Methods
		Forced-Choice Formats
		Direct Scaling
	Notes
	References
8 Signal Detection Theory
	Factors Affecting Responses
		d-Prime (d')
		Beta (β)
		ROC Curves
	Psychophysical Methods in SDT
		Yes/No Methods
		Forced-Choice Methods
		Confidence Rating Methods
	Some Implications of Signal Detection Theory
	Note
	References
9 Auditory Sensitivity
	Absolute Sensitivity
		Minimum Audible Levels
		Threshold Microstructure
		Upper Limits of Hearing
		Reference Levels
		Hearing Level
		Effects of Duration
	Differential Sensitivity
		Intensity Discrimination
		Frequency Discrimination
		Profile Analysis
		Temporal Resolution
		Temporal Discrimination
		Stimulus Uncertainty
	Temporary Threshold Shift
	Appendix 9.1
	Appendix 9.2
	Notes
	References
10 Masking
	Partial Masking
	Nature of Masking
	Frequency Selectivity
	Psychoacoustic Tuning Curves
	Comodulation Masking Release
	Overshoot
	Temporal Masking
	Central Masking
	Informational Masking
	Note
	References
11 Loudness
	Loudness Level
		Weighted Sound Levels
	Loudness Scaling and Loudness Functions
	Loudness and Distance
	Loudness and Bandwidth
		Temporal Integration of Loudness
	Loudness Adaptation
	Induced Loudness Reduction
	Binaural Loudness Summation
	Time-Varying Sounds
	Noisiness and Annoyance
	Notes
	References
12 Pitch
	Mel Scales of Pitch
	Musical Pitch
		Tone Height and Chroma
	Pitch and Intensity
	Beats, Harmonics, and Combination Tones
	Pitch of Complex Sounds
		Resolved and Unresolved Harmonics
		Mistuned Harmonics
		Periodicity Pitch and the Missing Fundamental
		Pitch Shift of the Missing Fundamental
		Existence Region of Pitch
	Pitch Theories
		Place/Spectral Theories
		Temporal Theories
	Notes
	References
13 Timbre
	Audio Descriptors
		Spectral Descriptors
		Temporal Descriptors
		Spectrotemporal Descriptors
	Musical Timbre
	Timbre of Environmental Sounds
	Neural Correlates of Timbre Perception
	Consonance and Dissonance
	Notes
	References
14 Binaural and Spatial Hearing
	Binaural Fusion
	Binaural Beats
	Binaural Summation
	Differential Sensitivity
	Auditory Scene Analysis
	Directional Hearing
		Azimuth and Elevation
		Interaural Differences
		Externalization
		Localization
		Lateralization
		Virtual Auditory Space Localization
		Minimum Audible Angle
		Minimum Audible Movement Angle
		Directional Hearing in Infants
		Species Differences in Directional Hearing
	Auditory Distance Perception
	Precedence Effect
	Masking Level Differences
	Notes
	References
15 Speech and Its Perception
	Speech Sounds: Production and Perception
	Vowels
	Consonants
	Dichotic Listening and Cerebral Lateralization
	The Speech Mode
		Duplex Perception
		Sine Wave Speech
		Categorical Perception
		McGurk Effect
	Power of Speech Sounds
	Speech Intelligibility
		Audibility: Speech Level and Signal-to-Noise Ratio
		Frequency
		Amplitude Distortion
		Interruptions and Temporal Distortion
		Masking and Reverberation
		Nonacoustic Considerations
		Speech Intelligibility and Acoustical Measurements
	Clear Speech
	Speech Perception Theories and Approaches
		Models Implicating the Production System
		General Auditory Approaches
		Word Recognition Models
	Notes
	References
Name Index
Subject Index