Handbook on health inequality monitoring : with a special focus on low- and middle-income countries

Cover
 Contents
 Foreword
 Introduction
 Executive summary
 1. Health inequality monitoring: an overview
 1.1 What is monitoring?
 1.2 What is involved in health monitoring?
 Cycle of health monitoring
 Health indicators
 Figures
 Figure 1.1 Cycle of health monitoring
 Figure 1.2 Components of a national health sector monitoring, evaluation and review framework
 Figure 1.3 Example health indicators related to reproductive, maternal and child health, displayed within a monitoring, evaluation and review framework
 1.3 What is health inequality monitoring?
 Equity stratifiers Measuring equity stratifiers1.4 Why conduct health inequality monitoring?
 1.5 How can health inequality monitoring lead to implementing change?
 Considerations for agenda setting
 Key stakeholders
 1.6 How are the social determinants of health related to health inequality monitoring?
 2. Data sources
 2.1 Data source types
 Figure 2.1 Data sources for health inequality monitoring
 2.2 Population-based data sources
 Censuses
 Vital registration systems
 Household surveys
 2.3 Institution-based data sources
 2.4 Strengths and limitations of key data sources
 Tables Table 2.1 Strengths, limitations and possible areas for improvement of key data sources for health inequality monitoring2.5 Data source mapping
 3. Measurement of health inequality
 3.1 How can health inequalities be measured?
 3.2 Simple measures of inequality (pairwise comparisons)
 Table 3.1 Area-based inequality in antenatal care (at least four visits) in Colombia, DHS 1995, 2000, 2005 and 2010
 Table 3.2 Sex-based inequality in under-five mortality rates in Egypt, DHS 1995, 2000, 2005 and 2008 Table 3.3 Wealth-based inequality in births attended by skilled health personnel in the Philippines, DHS 1998, 2003 and 20083.3 Limitations of simple measures of inequality
 Table 3.4 Wealth-based inequality in births attended by skilled health personnel in Ghana, DHS 2003 and 2008
 Figure 3.1 Births attended by skilled health personnel in Ghana, by wealth quintile, DHS 2003 and 2008
 Table 3.5 Education-based inequality in contraceptive prevalence (modern methods) in the Philippines, DHS 1993 and 2008 Figure 3.2 Contraceptive prevalence (modern methods) in the Philippines, by education level, DHS 1993 and 2008Figure 3.3 Proportion of women of reproductive age in the Philippines, by education level, DHS 1993 and 2008
 3.4 Complex measures of inequality
 3.5 Complex measures of inequality in ordered groups
 Slope index of inequality
 Figure 3.4 Slope index of inequality: absolute inequality in smoking prevalence in a population of men living in 27 middle-income countries, World Health Survey 2002-2004