Global Compassion: Private Voluntary Organizations and U.S. Foreign Policy Since 1939

Contents......Page 10
List of Figures......Page 14
List of Tables......Page 16
1. Dispelling Common Perceptions......Page 20
Questions and Issues......Page 23
Overview of the Data Set......Page 26
Trends in PVOs, 1939–2005......Page 33
Points of Contention between PVOs and the Federal Government......Page 46
2. World War II: U.S. Federal Government Consolidation and Regulation of Humanitarian Assistance, 1939–45......Page 53
American Neutrality, 1939–41......Page 55
America at War, 1941–43......Page 57
Consolidating the War Relief Effort, 1943–45......Page 66
Comparison of Religious and Secular Agencies......Page 70
From Relief to Reconstruction......Page 76
3. The Beginning of the Cold War and the Promotion of Economic Development, 1946–59......Page 77
The Rise and Fall of the Ethnically Oriented PVOs......Page 78
Government-PVO Coordination and Cooperation, 1946–48......Page 79
Coordinating Jewish Fund-Raising......Page 88
Containment and Reconstruction, 1948–54......Page 90
The Cold War and the Rise of Catholic Relief Services......Page 91
Continuing the Pattern of Relief Aid......Page 97
4. The Internationalization of American Aid......Page 100
Breakdown of Secular PVOs by Subtype......Page 101
Permanent Humanitarian Uses of Food......Page 103
Population Control and Food Production......Page 107
PVO Neutrality and the Vietnam War......Page 109
Protestant PVOs and the Rise of Evangelicals......Page 111
The Security of Israel and Jewish PVOs......Page 115
PVOs and the Secularizing of American Society......Page 116
5. The Golden Age of PVO-State Relations......Page 120
The PVO-State Partnership......Page 122
The Ethiopian Famine and the Maturation of the PVOs......Page 126
PVOs as Policy Advocates......Page 127
PVOs as Transnational Agencies......Page 130
Religious Agencies......Page 135
From Relief to Development......Page 138
Shift in Foreign Aid Trends......Page 140
The Political Maturation of PVOs......Page 149
Division among the Evangelicals......Page 150
Central America and “Low-Intensity Conflict”......Page 153
P.L. 480 and the Quasi-Governmental PVO......Page 154
The Parallel Humanitarian Role of the U.S. Military......Page 155
Sustainable Development......Page 156
7. The Commercialization of Foreign Aid......Page 159
“Reforming” USAID and the Loss of Competitiveness......Page 161
Commercialization of Aid......Page 163
How to Implement Aid......Page 165
National Security and Foreign Aid......Page 169
The Evolving Role of the Military......Page 171
Disbanding the PVO Club......Page 173
Transformational Development......Page 176
Foreign Assistance Reform......Page 178
Food Aid......Page 181
The Future of Foreign Aid......Page 182
C......Page 186
D......Page 187
I......Page 188
M......Page 189
P......Page 190
T......Page 191
V......Page 192
Notes......Page 194
Bibliography......Page 222
A......Page 242
C......Page 243
F......Page 245
H......Page 246
K......Page 247
N......Page 248
P......Page 249
R......Page 250
T......Page 251
V......Page 252
Y......Page 253