Fully Integrated Switched-Capacitor PMU for IoT Nodes: Analysis and Design

Preface
Acknowledgements
Contents
Acronyms
1 Introduction
	1.1 Motivation
	1.2 Outline
2 Switched-Capacitor DC-DC Fundamentals
	[DELETE]
		2.1 Capacitor Implementation in CMOS
			2.1.1 Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Capacitors
			2.1.2 Metal-Insulator-Metal Capacitors
			2.1.3 Metal-Oxide-Metal Capacitors
			2.1.4 Exotic Capacitors
		2.2  Switch Implementation
		2.3 Theoretical SC DC-DC Analysis
		2.4 Basic Voltage Regulation Technique
3 Fully Integrated Switched-Capacitor DC-DC State of the Art
	[DELETE]
	3.1 Topologies for Multi-ratio Fully Integrated SC DC-DC Converters
		3.1.1 Series-Parallel Topology
		3.1.2 Dickson Topology
		3.1.3 Customized Topologies
		3.1.4 Cascaded Topologies
	3.2 Conclusions
4 Fully Integrated SC DC-DC Performance Enhancement Techniques State of the Art
	4.1 Efficiency Enhancement Techniques
		4.1.1 MOS Capacitor Parasitic Reduction Techniques
		4.1.2 Charge Recycling
		4.1.3 Stage Outphasing
		4.1.4 Multiphase Soft-Charging
		4.1.5 Full Soft-Charging Converter
		4.1.6 Conclusions
	4.2 Ripple Reduction Techniques
		4.2.1 Conclusions
	4.3 Dynamic Power Allocation Technique
		4.3.1 Conclusions
	4.4 Distributive Clock Generation
5 Design of a Fully Integrated Power Management Unit
	5.1 Overview
	5.2 Multi-ratio Multi-cell Fully Integrated SC DC-DC Converter Design
		5.2.1 Topology and Conversion Ratio Selection
		5.2.2 Switch Selection
		5.2.3 Efficiency and Conversion Ratio Limits
		5.2.4 Time Interleaved and Capacitance Modulation
	5.3 Auxiliary Circuits Design
		5.3.1 Phase Generator and Loop Regulation
		5.3.2 Voltage Reference Generator
		5.3.3 Switches' Drivers
		5.3.4 Conversion Ratio Controller
		5.3.5 Cell Controller
		5.3.6 Start-Up Circuit
6 Fully Integrated Power Management Unit Layout, Simulation and Measurements Results
	6.1 Overview
	6.2 Power Management Unit Layout and Floorplan
		6.2.1 Converter Cell Layout
		6.2.2 Digital Blocks Layout
		6.2.3 Analogue Blocks Layout
		6.2.4 Simulation Results
		6.2.5 Test Board and Measurements Setup
		6.2.6 Prototype Measurements
7 Conclusions and Future Work
	7.1 Conclusions
	7.2 Future Work
A Appendix
	A.1  PMU 16 mW Design
		A.1.1  Design Equations of the 1/2 CR
		A.1.2  Design Equations of the 2/3 CR
		A.1.3  Design Equations of the 1/1 CR
		A.1.4  PMU Switches' Resistance Sizing