Firefighters' clothing and equipment: performance, protection, and comfort

Content: 1. Textiles for Firefighting Protective ClothingIntroductionFibres used in firefighting protective clothingMembranes developed for protective clothingFabric structure and nonwovensChemical finishingThermal protective propertiesThermal comfort propertiesSummaryReferences2. Firefighters Protective Clothing and Equipment2.1 Introduction2.2 Types and features of firefighters' protective clothing 2.3 Types and features of firefighters' protective equipment 2.4 Key issues related to firefighters protective clothing and equipment2.5 References 3 Human thermoregulation system and comfort3.1 Body temperature3.2 Thermal Comfort3.3 Sensorial comfort3.4 Movement comfort3.5 Conclusions3.6 References4. Protective Performance of Firefighters' Clothing4.1 Introduction4.2 Evaluation and assessment of the protective performance of fabrics and clothing under thermal hazards4.3 Evaluation and assessment of the protective performance of fabrics and clothing under non-thermal hazards4.4 Key issues related to the protective performance of firefighters' clothing4.5 Summary and Conclusions4.6 References5. Stored thermal energy and protective performance5.1 Introduction5.2 Relationship between transmitted and stored thermal energy5.3 Evaluation method and standard related to stored thermal energy and protective performance5.4 Influence factors of transmitted and stored thermal energy5.5 Future trends5.6 References6. Functionality and Thermo physiological Comfort of Firefighter Protective Clothing: A Case Study6.1 Introduction6.2 Materials and Material Structures 6.3 Material Attributes Relevant to Thermal Comfort6.4 Use of Absorbent Materials for Improved Comfort6.5 Effect of surface characteristics of inner layer fabrics on comfort6.6 Effect of surface characteristics of lightweight fibre blended fabrics on comfort6.7 Garment Fit and Comfort6.8 Conclusions6.9 References7. Hot plates and thermal manikins for evaluating clothing thermal comfort7.1 Introduction7.2 Hot plate7.3 Thermal manikins7.4 Applications7.5 Conclusions7.6 References8. Human wear trials for assessing comfort performance of firefighter protective clothing8.1 Background8.2 Comfort performance evaluation of firefighting clothing8.3 Human trial case studies on firefighting protective clothing8.4 Conclusions8.5 References9. 3D body scanning technology and applications in protective clothing9.1 Introduction to recent development of 3D body scanning technology9.2 Clothing air gap and contact area9.3 Effect of air gap on clothing thermal performance9.4 Summary9.5 References10. Instrumented Flash Fire Manikin for Maximizing Protective Clothing Performance10.1 History of Flash Fire Manikin System10.2 Combustion Chambers and Simulated Fire10.3 Thermal Sensors Employed in Manikin System10.4 Standards10.5 Application and models of flash fire manikins10.6 Summary10.7 References11. Smart firefighting clothing11.1 Introduction11.2 Sensors for firefighter's health state monitoring11.3 Sensors for monitoring of environmental parameters and firefighter's location11.4 Communication in smart firefighting clothing11.5 Wireless Body Area Sensor Network within smart firefighting clothing11.6 Challenges11.7 Conclusions11.8 References12. Numerical modelling for heat and moisture transfer through firefighting protective clothing12.1 Introduction12.2 Heat and moisture transfer mechanism12.3 Numerical models of heat and moisture transfer in protective clothing12.4 Modelling of skin heat transfer and burn prediction12.5 Conclusions and future trend12.6 References