Electricity Fundamentals for the Water and Wastewater Maintenance Operator

Front Cover......Page 1
CONTENTS......Page 6
SERIES PREFACE......Page 12
PREFACE......Page 15
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS......Page 17
1.1 Introduction......Page 19
1.2 Nature of Electricity......Page 23
1.3 The Structure of Matter......Page 24
1.4 Conductors, Semiconductors, and Insulators......Page 29
1.5 Static Electricity......Page 30
1.6 Magnetism......Page 33
1.7 Difference in Potential......Page 39
1.8 Electric Current......Page 41
1.9 Resistance......Page 43
Self-Test......Page 45
2.2 The Voltaic Cell......Page 47
2.3 Battery......Page 50
2.4 Types of Batteries......Page 53
2.5 Battery Characteristics......Page 56
Self-Test......Page 58
3.2 The Simple Electric Circuit......Page 59
3.3 Ohm\'s Law......Page 63
3.4 Electric Power......Page 70
3.5 Electric Energy......Page 73
3.6 Series D-C Circuit Characteristics......Page 74
3.7 Parallel D-C Circuits......Page 95
3.8 Series-Parallel Circuits......Page 115
Self-Test......Page 123
4.1 Introduction......Page 127
4.2 Unit Size of Conductors......Page 128
4.3 Resistivity......Page 134
4.5 Factors Governing the Selection of Wire Size......Page 136
4.6 Temperature Coefficient......Page 140
4.7 Conductor Insulation......Page 141
4.9 Soldering Operations......Page 142
4.11 Insulation Tape......Page 143
Self-Test......Page 144
5.1 Introduction......Page 145
5.2 Magnetic Field around a Single Conductor......Page 146
5.3 Magnetic Field of a Coil......Page 150
5.4 Magnetic Units......Page 152
5.5 Properties of Magnetic Materials......Page 153
5.6 Electromagnets......Page 155
Self-Test......Page 157
6.1 Introduction......Page 159
6.2 Basic A-C Generator......Page 162
6.3 Characteristic Values of A-C Voltage and Current......Page 166
6.4 Resistance in A-C Circuits......Page 171
Self-Test......Page 176
7.2 Inductance: What Is It?......Page 177
7.3 Unit of Inductance......Page 179
7.4 Self-Inductance......Page 180
7.5 Mutual Inductance......Page 187
7.6 Calculation of Total Inductance......Page 188
Self-Test......Page 190
8.2 Capacitance: What Is It?......Page 191
8.3 The Capacitor......Page 192
8.5 Unit of Capacitance......Page 197
8.6 Factors Affecting the Value of Capacitance......Page 199
8.8 Charge and Discharge of a RC Series Circuit......Page 201
8.9 RC Time Constant......Page 203
8.10 Capacitors in Series and Parallel......Page 204
8.11 Types of Capacitors......Page 207
Self-Test......Page 208
9.1 Introduction......Page 209
9.2 Inductive Reactance......Page 210
9.3 Capacitive Reactance......Page 214
9.4 Phase Relationship R, L, and C Circuits......Page 215
9.5 Impedance......Page 217
9.6 Power in Reactive Circuits......Page 218
Self-Test......Page 219
10.2 Series RLC Circuits......Page 221
10.3 Parallel RLC Circuits......Page 226
10.4 Power in A-C Circuits......Page 227
Self-Test......Page 230
11.1 Introduction......Page 231
11.2 Electrical Power Generation......Page 232
11.3 Motors......Page 239
11.4 Transformers......Page 250
11.5 Power Distribution System Protection......Page 251
Self-Test......Page 256
CHAPTER 12: FINAL REVIEW EXAMINATION......Page 257
APPENDICES......Page 259
E......Page 269
R......Page 270
W......Page 271