Dry Skin and Moisturizers: Chemistry and Function, Second Edition (Dermatology: Clinical & Basic Science)

Front Cover......Page 1
Preface......Page 6
Editors......Page 8
Contributors......Page 10
Contents......Page 14
1.  Introduction: Perspectives and Prospects......Page 18
2.  The Skin as a Barrier......Page 26
3.  Epidermal Lipids and Formation of the Barrier of the Skin......Page 40
4.  Lipid Structures in the Permeability Barrier......Page 48
5.  Particle Probes and Skin Physiology......Page 60
6.  Role of Calcium Ions in the Regulation of Skin Barrier Homeostasis......Page 80
7.  Desquamation......Page 88
8.  Ichthyosis — An Inborn Dryness and Scaliness of the Skin......Page 100
9.  Dry Skin in Atopic Dermatitis and Patients on Hemodialysis......Page 112
10.  Experimentally Induced Dry Skin......Page 124
11.  Dryness in Chronologically and Photo-Aged Skin......Page 134
12.  Itch Associated with Dryness of the Skin: the Pathophysiology and Influence of Moisturizers......Page 144
13.  Effects of Moisturizer in Psoriasis......Page 152
14.  Moisturizers as a Medical, Biological, Psychological, Cultural, and Economic Factor......Page 166
15.  New Methodology to Improve Epidermal Barrier Homeostasis......Page 172
16.  Outside and Inside Skin pH......Page 178
17.  Dry Skin and Use of Proteases......Page 188
18.  Effects of Natural Moisturizing Factor and Lactic Acid Isomers on Skin Function......Page 204
19.  Clinical Evidence for the Use of Urea......Page 228
20.  Glycerol — Just a Moisturizer? Biological and Biophysical Effects......Page 244
21.  Hyaluronan: Key to Skin Moisture......Page 262
22.  Hydrophilic Pastes......Page 296
23.  Petrolatum......Page 306
24.  Phospholipids, Metabolites, and Skin Hydration......Page 316
25.  Lanolins......Page 326
26.  Essential Fatty Acids: Biological Functions and Potential Applications in the Skin......Page 336
27.  Sphingolipids: from Chemistry to Possible Biologic Influence on the Skin......Page 358
28.  Effect of Moisturizers on the Structure of Lipids in the Outer Stratum Corneum of Humans......Page 368
29.  Vitamins and Skin......Page 392
30.  Antimicrobials......Page 408
31.  Moisturizing Cleansers......Page 422
32.  Tribological Studies on Skin: Measurement of the Coefficient of Friction......Page 448
33.  Smoothness of the Skin, Complexity, and Instrumental Approach......Page 460
34.  Assessment of Skin Moisturization with Electrical Methods......Page 468
35.  Stratum Corneum Tape Stripping: Relationship with Dry Skin and Moisturizers......Page 474
36.  XLRS Squamometry Revisited......Page 482
37.  Methods for Testing Stratum Corneum Barrier Properties......Page 492
38.  Sensitive Skin......Page 504
39.  Stinging and Irritating Substances: Their Identification and Assessment......Page 518
40.  Sensitizing Substances......Page 532
41.  Regulatory Aspects on Safety......Page 540
Index......Page 548