Discovering behavioral neuroscience: an introduction to biological psychology

Cover......Page 1
About the Author......Page 6
Brief Contents......Page 7
About the Cover......Page 8
Contents......Page 9
Preface......Page 21
Chapter 1: What Is Behavioral Neuroscience?......Page 31
 Neuroscience as an Interdisciplinary Field......Page 32
 Historical Highlights in Neuroscience......Page 35
 Behavioral Neuroscience Research Methods......Page 39
 Research Ethics in Behavioral Neuroscience......Page 53
 Key Terms......Page 56
Chapter 2: Functional Neuroanatomy and the Evolution of the Nervous System......Page 57
 Anatomical Directions and Planes of Section......Page 58
 Protecting and Supplying the Nervous System......Page 60
 The Central Nervous System......Page 66
 The Peripheral Nervous System......Page 85
 The Evolution of the Human Nervous System......Page 91
 Key Terms......Page 95
Chapter 3: Neurophysiology: The Structure and Functions of the Cells of the Nervous System......Page 97
 Glia and Neurons......Page 98
 Generating Action Potentials......Page 113
 Propagating Action Potentials......Page 120
 The Synapse......Page 124
 Key Terms......Page 135
Chapter 4: Psychopharmacology......Page 137
 Neurotransmitters, Neuromodulators, and Neurohormones......Page 138
 Mechanisms of Neuropharmacology......Page 153
 Basic Principles of Drug Effects......Page 157
 Effects of Selected Psychoactive Drugs......Page 163
 Key Terms......Page 174
Chapter 5: Genetics and the Development of the Human Brain......Page 175
 The Genetic Bases of Behavior......Page 176
 Building a Brain......Page 188
 The Brain across the Lifespan......Page 206
 Thought Questions......Page 211
 Key Terms......Page 212
Chapter 6: Vision......Page 213
 From Sensation to Perception......Page 214
 The Structure and Functions of the Visual System......Page 218
 Visual Perception......Page 241
 The Life-Span Development of the Visual System......Page 248
 Disorders of the Visual System......Page 249
 Key Terms......Page 253
Chapter 7: Nonvisual Sensation and Perception......Page 255
 Audition......Page 256
 The Body Senses......Page 271
 The Chemical Senses......Page 287
 Synaesthesia......Page 292
 Key Terms......Page 294
Chapter 8: Movement......Page 295
 Muscles......Page 296
 Neural Control of Muscles......Page 302
 Reflex Control of Movement......Page 308
 Motor Systems of the Brain......Page 311
 Disorders of Movement......Page 321
 Key Terms......Page 330
Chapter 9: Homeostasis, Motivation, and Reward......Page 331
 Homeostasis and Motivation......Page 332
 Regulating Body Temperature......Page 333
 Thirst: Regulating the Body\'s Fluid Levels......Page 339
 Hunger: Regulating the Body\'s Supply of Nutrients......Page 348
 Healthy and Disordered Eating......Page 356
 Pleasure and Reward......Page 362
 Key Terms......Page 366
Chapter 10: Sexual Behavior......Page 367
 Sexual Development......Page 368
 Sex Differences in Hormones, Brain Structure, and Behavior......Page 381
 Sexual Orientation......Page 389
 Biological Influences on Adult Sexual Behavior......Page 394
 Attraction, Romantic Love, Sexual Desire, and Parenting......Page 397
 Sexual Dysfunction and Its Treatment......Page 402
 Key Terms......Page 404
Chapter 11: Sleep and Waking......Page 405
 Biorhythms......Page 406
 Neural Correlates of Waking and Sleep......Page 418
 The Functions of Sleep......Page 429
 Sleep-Wake Disorders......Page 437
 Key Terms......Page 443
Chapter 12: Learning and Memory......Page 445
 Categorizing Learning and Memory......Page 446
 Mechanisms of Synaptic Plasticity......Page 451
 Neural Systems Supporting Learning and Memory......Page 465
 The Effects of Stress and Healthy Aging on Learning and Memory......Page 478
 Key Terms......Page 484
Chapter 13: Cognitive Neuroscience......Page 485
 Hemispheric Asymmetry and Its Behavioral Correlates......Page 486
 Language......Page 498
 Communication Disorders and Brain Mechanisms for Language......Page 503
 Intelligence......Page 511
 The Neuroscience of Decision Making......Page 515
 Key Terms......Page 518
Chapter 14: Emotion, Aggression, and Stress......Page 519
 Emotion......Page 520
 Aggression and Violence......Page 538
 Stress......Page 543
 Key Terms......Page 551
Chapter 15: Neuropsychology......Page 553
 What Is Neuropsychology?......Page 554
 Neurocognitive Disorders......Page 555
 Neurocognitive Disorders Due to Other Medical Conditions......Page 570
 Recovery and Treatment in Neurocognitive Disorders......Page 580
 Key Terms......Page 584
Chapter 16: Psychopathology......Page 585
 What Does It Mean to Have a Mental Disorder?......Page 586
 Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)......Page 588
 Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)......Page 593
 Schizophrenia......Page 596
 Bipolar Disorder......Page 604
 Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)......Page 607
 Anxiety Disorders......Page 612
 Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)......Page 613
 Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)......Page 615
 Antisocial Personality Disorder (ASPD)......Page 617
 Key Terms......Page 620
References......Page 621
Name Index......Page 659
Subject Index/Glossary......Page 670