Developmental Human Behavioral Epigenetics: Principles, Methods, Evidence, and Future Directions (Translational Epigenetics Volume 23)

Front-Matter_2021_Developmental-Human-Behavioral-Epigenetics
	Front matter
Copyright_2021_Developmental-Human-Behavioral-Epigenetics
	Copyright
Contributors_2021_Developmental-Human-Behavioral-Epigenetics
	Contributors
Keeping-complexity-in-mind_2021_Developmental-Human-Behavioral-Epigenetics
	Keeping complexity in mind
		References
Chapter-1---Principles-of-epigenetics-and_2021_Developmental-Human-Behaviora
	Principles of epigenetics and DNA methylation
		Definition of epigenetics
		Types of epigenetic modifications
			DNA cytosine methylation
			DNA cytosine hydroxymethylation
			DNA adenosine methylation
			RNA modifications
			Histone modifications
			RNAs
		Environmental effects, cell metabolism and epigenetics
			Epigenetic memory
			Environmental effects
			Cell metabolism, diet and microbiota
		Methods for methylation analysis
			Chromatin immunoprecipitation
			Nucleosome positioning
			DNA cytosine methylation analysis
			Locus-specific DNA methylation analysis
			Whole methylome analysis
			Selected genome-wide methylation analysis
			Epigenotyping arrays
			Direct readout of DNA methylation
			DNA methylation analysis of cell-free circulating DNA
		Single-cell epigenomics
		References
Chapter-2---From-animal-to-human-epi_2021_Developmental-Human-Behavioral-Epi
	From animal to human epigenetics
		A rat story: Behavioral epigenetics beginnings
		Post-natal maternal environment shapes the epigenome and adult behavioral phenotypes of the offspring
		Environmental stimuli delivered to parents trigger processes to transmit information to offspring
		Permissive environments
			Environmental enrichment
			Maternal enrichment during pregnancy and/or lactation
			Pre-reproductive parental enrichment
		Aversive environments
			Aversive environment: Animal studies
		Epigenetic perturbation can be passed along
		Combining human and non-human animal research
		References
Chapter-3---An-overview-of-developmental-b_2021_Developmental-Human-Behavior
	An overview of developmental behavioral genetics
		Background/history
		Behavioral genetic methodology
		Key interpretative issues
		Key results from twin and adoption studies
			Gene-environment interplay
			Gene-environment correlation
				Passive rGE
				Active rGE
				Evocative rGE
			Gene-environment interaction
		Genomic approaches to behavioral genetics
		Concluding remarks
		References
Chapter-4---Prenatal-exposures-and-behavioral-ep_2021_Developmental-Human-Be
	Prenatal exposures and behavioral epigenetics in human infants and children
		Early environmental programming
		Biological embedding
		Fetal DNA methylation after exposure to prenatal stress
		Does DNA methylation at birth predict postnatal outcomes?
		Further directions
		References
Chapter-5---Applying-behavioral-epigenetic-princi_2021_Developmental-Human-B
	Applying behavioral epigenetic principles to preterm birth and early stress exposure
		Introduction
		Background
			Epigenetic regulation by early adverse experiences
			Epigenetic regulation by early protective experiences
			Preterm birth and NICU-related early adverse experiences
			Preterm birth and NICU-related early protective experiences
			A rationale for preterm behavioral epigenetics
		State of the art of PBE research
			Epigenetic effects of prenatal conditions
			Epigenetic profile of preterm infants/children
			Epigenetic effects of NICU-related stress
			Developmental outcomes of epigenetic alterations in preterm infants/children
		Future directions
		Clinical implications
		References
Chapter-6---Long-term-epigenetic-effects-o_2021_Developmental-Human-Behavior
	Long-term epigenetic effects of parental caregiving
		The special case of human parenting in the ELA spectrum
		Gene- (parenting-)environment interactions and epigenetics
		Parental care and offspring DNA methylation
			Association between parenting and DNA methylation of genes involved in the HPA axis
			Parenting and DNA methylation of genes relevant for other stress-related psychobiological systems
				Oxytocin
				Serotonin
				Neurotrophins
				Genes of the immune system
			Gene networks and epigenetic variation
		Epigenetics and attachment theory
		Challenges and opportunities for epigenetic studies on parenting
		Outlook
			Ethics
			Conceptional
			Statistical-analytical
		References
Chapter-7---Intergenerational-transmission-of-s_2021_Developmental-Human-Beh
	Intergenerational transmission of stress-related epigenetic regulation
		A brief history of inheritance of acquired characteristics
			Lamarckism
			Charles Darwin and pangenesis
			Weismann barrier
			Neo-Darwinism and future directions
		Epigenetic mechanisms
			DNA methylation
			Methylation life cycle and reprogramming
			The Agouti mouse
		Intergenerational, transgenerational inheritance of stress in humans and animals
			Intergenerational inheritance vs transgenerational inheritance
			Intergenerational epigenetic inheritance of stress in humans
			Intergenerational transmission of stress in animal models
		Mechanisms of epigenetic inheritance
			Mechanisms of epigenetic heredity
		Future directions, conclusions
			Summary: What we know
			Intervention and prevention
		References
Chapter-8---The-role-of-protective-caregiving-in_2021_Developmental-Human-Be
	The role of protective caregiving in epigenetic regulation in human infants
		Introduction
		Maternal caregiving and DNA methylation
			The specific role of maternal physical contact
			Open questions and challenges in human epigenetics research
		Future perspectives
		Conclusions
		Acknowledgments
		References
Chapter-9---Embedding-early-experiences-into-brain_2021_Developmental-Human-
	Embedding early experiences into brain function: Perspectives from behavioral epigenetics
		Perspectives
		Acknowledgments
		References
Index_2021_Developmental-Human-Behavioral-Epigenetics
	Index