Design and Development of Model Predictive Primary Control of Micro Grids: Simulation Examples in MATLAB

Contents
About the Authors
Abbreviations
Nomenclature
1 Micro-grid Introduction and Overview
	1.1 Conventional Power Systems Review
	1.2 Concept of Distributed Generation
	1.3 Necessity of Distributed Generation
	1.4 Single DG Challenges
	1.5 Concept of Micro-grid and Definitions
	1.6 General Constituents of a Micro-grid
	1.7 Advantages of a Micro-grid
	1.8 Micro-grid Challenges
	1.9 Micro-grid Operational Modes
	1.10 Key Takeaways
	References
2 An Overview of Micro-grid Control
	2.1 Control Objectives in a Micro-grid
	2.2 Control Architectures in a Micro-grid
	2.3 Hierarchical Control of a Standalone Micro-grid
		2.3.1 Primary Control
		2.3.2 Secondary Control
		2.3.3 Tertiary Control
	2.4 Key Takeaways
	References
3 Mathematical Modelling of a Micro-grid
	3.1 Micro-grid Description and Reference Frames
	3.2 Synchronous-DG Model
	3.3 EI-DG Model
		3.3.1 AC Side Dynamics of the EI-DG in abc Frame
		3.3.2 AC Side Dynamics of the EI-DG in Its Local d3-q3 Frame
		3.3.3 Phase-Locked Loop Dynamics
		3.3.4 DC Side Dynamics of the EI-DG
	3.4 Load Modelling in the Micro-grid
	3.5 Network Modelling in the Micro-grid
	3.6 Complete Model of the Grid-Connected Micro-grid
	3.7 Complete Model of the Standalone Micro-grid
	3.8 Key Takeaways
	References
4 Introduction to Model Predictive Control
	4.1 MPC Description
	4.2 Advantages of MPC
	4.3 MPC Types
	4.4 Linear Model-Based MPC/Linear-MPC/L-MPC
		4.4.1 Augmented Model
		4.4.2 Prediction Vector Within the Prediction Horizon
		4.4.3 Optimal Control Problem Formulation
	4.5 Nonlinear Model-Based MPC/Nonlinear-MPC/N-MPC
	4.6 Brief Review of MPC in Power Engineering
	4.7 Micro-grid MPC Methodologies Discussed in the Book
	4.8 Key Takeaways
	References
5 LTI-MPC for the Micro-grid Control
	5.1 Mathematical Formulation of the LTI-MPC
		5.1.1 Augmented Model
		5.1.2 Prediction Vector Within the Prediction Horizon
		5.1.3 Optimal Control Problem Formulation
	5.2 LTI-MPC for the Micro-grid Control
		5.2.1 Role of Each DG Unit in the Micro-grid Control
		5.2.2 Operational Constraints
		5.2.3 Choice of the Controller Parameters
	5.3 Performance Analysis
	5.4 Key Takeaways
	References
6 LTV-MPC with Extended “TAIL”
	6.1 Mathematical Formulation of the LTV-MPC
		6.1.1 Prediction of the Forced Response
		6.1.2 Prediction of the Natural Response
		6.1.3 Optimal Control Problem Formulation
		6.1.4 Choice of the Input Reference Trajectories Vref(t)
	6.2 Performance Analysis
	6.3 Key Takeaways
	References
7 Special Functions in the MPC Formulation
	7.1 Role of Orthonormal Special Functions in the MPC
	7.2 Approximation of the Original Control Trajectories
		7.2.1 Laguerre Functions
		7.2.2 Kautz Functions
	7.3 Mathematical Formulation of the LTI-MPC Using Special Functions
		7.3.1 Augmented Model
		7.3.2 LTI-MPC Using Special Functions
	7.4 Mathematical Formulation of the LTV-MPC Using Special Functions
		7.4.1 Augmented Model
		7.4.2 Prediction of the Natural Response
		7.4.3 LTV-MPC Using Special Functions
		7.4.4 Choice of the Input Reference Trajectories Vref(t)
	7.5 Performance Analysis
		7.5.1 Choice of the Laguerre and Kautz Network Parameters
	7.6 Key Takeaways
	References
8 Auxiliary Requirements for Real-Time Implementation
	8.1 Scalability
	8.2 Harmonics
	8.3 State Estimation
	8.4 Choice of a Particular MPC Formulation
		8.4.1 Computational Complexity
		8.4.2 Performance Point of View
	8.5 Robustness
		8.5.1 Disturbance Compensator
		8.5.2 Mathematical Formulation of the Robust LTI-MPC
		8.5.3 Mathematical Formulation of the Robust LTI-MPC with Special Functions
	8.6 Performance Analysis of the Robust LTI-MPC
	8.7 Key Takeaways
	References
9 Conclusion and Future Scope
	9.1 Summary of the Book
	9.2 Novel Concepts in the Book
	9.3 Limitations
	9.4 Future Scope
	Appendix 1
	Micro-grid Information
	Load Information (Islanded Mode)
	Controller Information (Islanded Mode)
	Appendix 2
	Steps to Execute the Examples in MATLAB