Clinical Implantology, 1e

Front Cover
IFC
Clinical Implantology
Copyright
Dedication
Contributors
Preface
Acknowledgements
Contents
1 - Introduction and fundamental science
	Introduction
	Definition of dental implant
	History of dental implants
	Fundamental science
	Summary
2 - Dental implant designs and surfaces
	Introduction
	Classification of endosseous root form implants
	Implant surfaces
	Summary
3 - Implant inventories and armamentarium
	Introduction
	Implant components
	Platform switching or the common platform concept
	Armamentarium for the practise of implantology
	Inventories used to practise basic implant procedures
	Additional Inventories used to practise advanced implant procedures
	Summary
4 - Prosthetic options on implants
	Introduction
	Implant prosthetic options for partially edentulous patients
	Implant prosthetic options for completely edentulous patients
	Metal-free zirconium prosthesis
	Summary
5 - Bone density for dental implants
	Introduction
	Factors related to bone density
	Lekhom and Zarb classification for jawbone qualities
	Misch bone density classification
	Determination of bone density
	D1/Type 1 bone (dense cortical bone)
	D2/Type 2 bone
	D3/Type 3 bone (porous cortical [thin] and fine trabecular)
	D4/Type 4 bone (fine trabecular)
	Summary
6 - Role of available bone in dental implants
	Introduction
	Misch and Judy classification of bone availability
	Summary
7 - Patient evaluation and treatment planning
	Introduction
	Patient evaluation and treatment planning
	Key points of treatment planning for successful implant therapy
	Summary
8 - Step by step procedure of implant treatment
	Introduction
	Setting up the operatory for implant surgery
	Pre-medication
	Anaesthesia
	Step by step presentation of the single tooth implant
	Summary
9 - Immediate implant in extraction socket
	Introduction
	Indications
	Contraindications
	Advantages of immediate implantation in extraction socket
	Disadvantages of immediate implantation in extraction socket
	Implant treatment options at the extraction site
	Deciding factors for implant treatment modality in extraction
	Special armamentarium required for immediate implantation in the extraction socket
	Grafting the peri-implant socket spaces (jumping distance of osseointegration)
	Immediate or early loading of the implant inserted in a fresh extraction socket
	Loading classification for the immediately inserted implant
	Criteria for successful loading in the aesthetic zone
	Primary and secondary implant stability
	Importance of primary stability for immediately loading the implants
	Achieving primary stability
	Optimized implant form and surface to achieve good primary stability
	Advantages of implantation in the extraction socket with immediate loading
	Advantages of single-piece implants
	Immediate implantation in the extraction socket of anterior maxilla – a step by step diagrammatic presentation (Figs 9.11–9.13)
	Immediate implants in mandibular anterior extraction sockets
	Immediate implants in extraction sockets of multirooted posterior teeth
	Socket lifting in maxillary posterior region
	Summary
10 - Implant overdentures
	Introduction
	Prosthetic options for completely edentulous patients
	Components required
	Decision making for immediate, early, or delayed implant loading in overdenture cases
	Bar-retained overdenture
	Summary
11 - Implant impressions and prosthetics
	Introduction
	Impression materials
	Summary
12 - Dental implants for periodontally compromised patients
	Introduction
	Infectious periodontal diseases
	Definition, aetiology and clinical features of peri-implant diseases
	Risk factors of peri-implant diseases
	Clinical cases
	Summary
13 - Basics of bone grafting and graft materials
	Introduction
	Biological mechanism of bone formation at the grafted site
	Composition of natural bone
	Types of bone grafts
	Rationale for the use of bone graft substitutes
	Graft quality for successful osteoconduction
	Mechanism of bone regeneration by various types of grafts
	Growth factors
	Composite graft
	Two-phase theory of osteogenesis
	Physical forms of grafts
	Keys for successful bone grafting
	Step by step clinical presentation for production and use of PRF in bone augmentation (Figs 13.35–13.37)
	Factors that impede bone regeneration
	Factors that promote bone regeneration
	Armamentaria and materials required for bone grafting
	Summary
14 - Bone grafting simultaneous with implant placement
	Introduction
	Advantages
	Disadvantages
	Indications
	Contraindications
	Subperiosteal tunnelling technique
15 - Block grafting for dental implants
	Introduction
	Indications
	Contraindications
	Advantages
	Disadvantages
	Types of block grafts
	Step by step surgical technique
	Summary
16 - Ridge splitting for implant placement
	Introduction
	Causes of bone loss
	Author’s classification for the edentulous ridge morphology of the anterior maxilla
	Indications
	Contraindications
	Comparative features of block grafting versus ridge splitting procedures
	Materials and instruments required for ridge splitting (Fig 16.5A–C)
	Conventional technique of ridge splitting
	Minimal incision techniques for ridge splitting and expansion
	Ridge splitting and expansion in the posterior maxilla
	Ridge-splitting procedure in the mandibular ridge
	Complications
	Safety measures
	Summary
17 - Distraction osteogenesis in implantology
	Introduction
	Vertical alveolar distraction
	Horizontal alveolar distraction
	Discussion
	Horizontal periosteal expansion osteogenesis
	Complications
	Summary
	Further Reading
18 - Sinus grafting for dental implants
	Introduction
	Limitations with the posterior maxilla
	Guidelines for successful implant therapy in the posterior maxilla
	History
	Maxillary sinus anatomy
	Indications for sinus grafting
	Contraindications for sinus grafting
	Pre- and post-medication for the sinus graft procedure
	Conventional surgical techniques
	?
	Complications after sinus graft surgery and their management
	Summary
19 - Nasal floor elevation and grafting
	Introduction
	Anatomy
	Indications
	Contraindications
	Advantages
	Procedure
	Complications
	Summary
20 - Immediate loading using basal implants
	Introduction
	Devices and insertion technique of lateral and screwable basal implants
	Insertion of screwable basal implants (tubero-pterygoid screw implants/GBC)
	Placement of lateral basal implants (BOI/TOI)
	Treatment rationale in basal implantology
	Treatment planning for basal implants
	Contraindications
	Disinfection and antibiotic regime
	Prosthetic procedures and considerations
	Connecting implants and prosthetics
	Maintenance and functional grinding
	Summary
21 - Full-arch fixed prosthesis: conventional approach
	Introduction
	Advantages of full-arch fixed prosthesis
	Disadvantages of full-arch fixed prosthesis
	Summary
22 - Full-arch fixed prosthesis: ‘All-on-4™’/‘All-on-6’ approach
	Introduction
	All-on-6 technique
	Comparative features of the traditional versus All-on-4™/All-on-6 approach
	Summary
23 - Soft tissue grafting in implantology
	Introduction
	Disadvantages of the thin, mobile, and nonkeratinized marginal soft tissue
	Advantages of the thick, nonmobile, and keratinized marginal soft tissue
	Surgical principles of soft tissue grafting
	Healing of free grafts
	Possible donor sites for graft harvesting
	Technique-1 – Epithelialized connective tissue graft or free gingival graft technique
	Technique-4 – Modified palatal roll technique for dental implants
	Post-surgical instructions
	Summary
24 - Complications and management
	Introduction
	Complications
	Peri-implantitis
	Summary
Index
IBC